Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical最新文献

{"title":"Host immune responses and immune evasion mechanisms in Trypanosoma cruzi: implications for the immunopathogenesis of Chagas disease.","authors":"Caíco Mateus Pereira Andrade","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0039-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0039-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chagas disease remains a major neglected tropical disease in Latin America and represents a significant public health challenge in Brazil. The progression of Trypanosoma cruzi infection is highly heterogeneous and reflects a complex interaction between parasite persistence and host immune responses. This narrative review summarizes current knowledge on host immune responses and immune evasion mechanisms during T. cruzi infection and discusses their implications for the immunopathogenesis and clinical progression of Chagas disease. The review included publications indexed in major biomedical databases, prioritizing studies on innate and adaptive immunity, parasite evasion strategies, and associations with chronic disease manifestations. Evidence indicates that innate immune mechanisms involving macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells are critical for early control of parasitemia through cytokine production, including interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Adaptive immunity, particularly CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes, contributes to parasite control but may also promote chronic inflammation and tissue damage when regulatory mechanisms fail. In parallel, T. cruzi employs multiple immune evasion strategies, including complement inhibition, modulation of antigen-presenting cells, intracellular persistence, and antigenic variability, which facilitate long-term survival in host tissues. These interactions are central to chronic immunopathology, especially Chagas cardiomyopathy. Understanding these processes may contribute to improved diagnostic strategies, support identification of immunological biomarkers associated with disease progression, and inform advances in clinical management and public health approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e00392026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13277404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148265859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alert on a Novel South American Bat Coronavirus with a Furin-Cleavage Site: A One Health Early Warning.","authors":"Lucas Alves da Mota Santana, Lara Góis Floresta, Êmilly Victória Maciel Alves, Breno Ferreira Barbosa, Graziane Ribeiro Couto, Marcos Antônio Lima Dos Santos, Pedro Henrique Macedo Moura, Deise Maria Rego Rodrigues Silva, Marina Dos Santos Barreto, Carlos Eduardo Palanch Repeke, Regiane Cristina do Amaral, Virgínia Kelma Dos Santos Silva, Cleverson Luciano Trento, Wilton Mitsunari Takeshita, Dalmo Correia, Rajiv Gandhi Gopalsamy, Lysandro Pinto Borges","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0583-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0583-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e05832025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148265828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetrodotoxin poisoning with cardiorespiratory arrest and permanent neurological sequelae following ingestion of a checkered puffer Sphoeroides testudineus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Brazilian Amazon coast.","authors":"Ingredy Eylanne Monroe Vidigal, Guilherme Vidigal Fernandes da Silva, Nívea Fernanda Maria Ferreira Costa, Marcillio Holanda Bezerra, Héllida Negrão Dias, Jamerson Aguiar Santos, Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis, Jorge Luiz Silva Nunes","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0544-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0544-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e05442025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148265985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) fauna in Unaí, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil.","authors":"Gabriele Zaine Teixeira Debortoli, Victor Luiz Gomes Batista, Fernanda Batista Santos, Lucas Mendes Diniz, Pedro Augusto Batista Silva, Valentine Tavares Ferreira, Carlos Augusto Dos Santos Sousa, Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani, Ricardo Andrade Barata, Thaís Rabelo Santos-Doni","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0290-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0290-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leishmaniasis, a neglected disease caused by Leishmania protozoa, is transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies and has a significant public health impact. The municipality of Unaí, Minas Gerais, reports human and canine cases of leishmaniasis; however, entomological data remain limited. This study aimed to describe the local phlebotomine sand fly fauna and environmental and climatic factors influencing its occurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sampling was conducted monthly from January to December 2024 in ten households distributed across seven neighborhoods of Unaí. HP light traps were installed in both intradomestic and peridomestic regions. The captured specimens were morphologically identified and statistically analyzed to assess their association with environmental and climatic variables using mixed-effects linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 504 phlebotomine sand flies, representing 11 species, were captured. Lutzomyia longipalpis (39.7%) was the most abundant species, followed by Ev. lenti (33.3%) and Ny. intermedia (15.3%). The peridomestic areas exhibited greater species diversity and abundance, particularly in the presence of chicken coops, organic matter, and vegetation. Temperature is positively associated with Lu. longipalpis and Ev. lenti, whereas precipitation negatively affected Ny. intermedia. Males comprised 69.8% of captured specimens, suggesting the presence of active breeding sites near the households.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides the first record of the phlebotomine sand fly fauna in Unaí. Environmental conditions favor vector species in settings with close human-animal interactions, increasing the risk of domiciliary transmission. These findings highlight the importance of sustained entomological surveillance and environmental management measures as complementary strategies to control leishmaniasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e02902025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of comparative accuracy studies of the Kato-Katz and spontaneous sedimentation methods for schistosomiasis diagnosis.","authors":"Matheus Oliveira de Almeida, Rosa Camila Lucchetta, Sebastian Vernal, Carlos Graeff Teixeira","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0335-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0335-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although alternatives to the Kato-Katz (KK) method for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis are not widely available, other egg detection methods may have a role, especially considering the immediate need for confirmatory diagnosis and management of individual patients. One such widely available and easy-to-perform option is the Lutz method. We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of KK and Lutz to support clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review searching PUBMED, EMBASE, and LILACS databases. We included primary diagnostic accuracy studies comparing KK and Lutz. No restriction was imposed on the type of test used as the reference standard. QUADAS-2 and QUADAS-C tools were used to assess the risk of bias and applicability, and GRADE was used to assess the certainty of evidence. The primary outcomes were sensitivity and specificity. Due to clinical and methodological heterogeneity, a meta-analysis was not performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1,060 citations, three studies were included in our review. The studies were cross-sectional and conducted in Brazil and Ethiopia. The sensitivity of Lutz ranged from 0.34 to 0.81, while that of KK ranged from 0.64 to 0.84. Specificity for both tests ranged from 0.81 to 1.0, with no significant differences observed between the diagnostic tests evaluated. Limitations included inconsistent reference standards, lack of blinding, and small sample sizes. The certainty of evidence ranged from very low to moderate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data on the relative accuracy of the KK and Lutz methods for schistosomiasis diagnosis are limited. The current evidence is insufficient to determine the best method.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e03352025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dr. João Carlos Pinto Dias, master and mentor! (ê1948 †2021).","authors":"Liléia Gonçalves Diotaiuti","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0076-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0076-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e00762026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare cause of portal vein thrombosis: Fascioliasis.","authors":"Sonay Aydin, Zulaika Askarbek Kyzy, Kemal Bugra Memis","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0026-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0026-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e00262025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature as a Climate Variable in Dengue Epidemiological Studies.","authors":"Tatiane Fernandes Portal de Lima Alves da Silva, Walter Massa Ramalho, Henry Maia Peixoto, Marco Aurélio de Valois Correia Junior, André Luiz Sá de Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0481-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0481-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e04812025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of immature forms of Anopheles albitarsis s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in artificial containers in an urban area of the state of Acre, Western Brazilian Amazon.","authors":"Dionatas Ulises de Oliveira Meneguetti, Gilberto Gilmar Moresco, Janis Lunier de Souza, Márcio Fernandes de Amorim, Fernanda Portela Madeira","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0536-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0536-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study reports the first documented occurrence of immature forms of Anopheles albitarsis in artificial breeding sites within an urban area of Acre, Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Second-instar larvae were collected from a water tank.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The collected larvae were identified as Anopheles albitarsis, representing the first report of this species in artificial breeding sites in an urban area of Acre.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The detection of immature forms in artificial containers suggests potential adaptation of the vector to urban settings and highlights concerns regarding the increased risk of malaria transmission in areas previously regarded as low-risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e05362025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13073504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sickle cell disease implicated in the development of severe dengue: A pediatric case series.","authors":"Melissa Reyes Hernández, Ana García Suarez, Hernando Pinzón Redondo, Carlos Moneriz","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0081-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0081-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue poses a considerable risk to individuals with sickle cell disease. This report presents six cases of male pediatric patients (mean age 9.7 ± 4.8 years) with a hemoglobin S mutation, all of whom exhibited clinical manifestations consistent with dengue infection. Diagnosis was confirmed using NS1 antigen, serology (IgM/IgG), and RT-PCR, identifying all cases as dengue virus serotype 2. All patients had warning signs at presentation; three were severe, four required intensive care, and one died from dengue shock. Early identification and management are critical to reduce mortality in children with hemoglobin S mutations during dengue epidemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e00812026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13073497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}