Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical最新文献

{"title":"Health Surveillance Response to the Oropouche Outbreak in Alfredo Chaves, Espírito Santo, Brazil.","authors":"Cintia Lepaus Thomas, Karllian Kerlen Simonelli Soares, João Paulo Cola, Thiago Nascimento do Prado, Ethel Leonor Noia Maciel","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0345-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0345-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e0345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12922513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146228468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visceral leishmaniasis risk clusters on Brazil's borders: 2013 to 2022.","authors":"William da Costa Moreira, Gustavo Cezar Wagner Leandro, Helder Ferreira, Rosane Meire Munhak Silva, Demilto Yamaguchi da Pureza, Catchia Hermes-Uliana, Neide Martins Moreira","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0020-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0020-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Visceral leishmaniasis remains a significant public health burden in the Americas, particularly in Brazil and its border regions. This study aims to analyze the temporal trends and spatial clusters of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazilian border municipalities in 2013-2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An ecological study was conducted, using secondary population-based data. Joinpoint regression was used to assess temporal trends and estimate the annual percentage change (APC). Kulldorff's scan statistics identified spatial clusters and relative risks (RR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the period, 677 visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported in the border municipalities (average annual incidence rate: 0.58). The highest cumulative IR was observed among children and adolescents (10.05, 95% CI: 9.02-11.16), males (7.17, 95% CI: 6.50-7.88), and in the Central Arc 13.55, 95% CI: 12.25-14.95). Central Arc showed a decreasing trend from 2013-2020 (APC: -11.65%, 95% CI: -27.28-5.91) and an increasing from 2020-2022 (APC: 55.76%, 95% CI: 6.70-101.96), with RR rising 21.059 (2016-2019) to 34.310 (2020-2022). Persistent high-risk clusters were identified in the North Arc (RR: 100.529-156.040) and Central Arc (RR: 20.716-34.310), alongside a high-risk cluster in the South Arc near the Foz do Iguaçu triple border (RR: 3.466).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that visceral leishmaniasis in the Brazilian border region presents heterogeneous spatial and temporal patterns. Achieving effective disease control by 2030 will require strengthened health interventions and coordinated multilateral collaboration among neighboring countries, focusing on high-risk areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e0020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12919825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146228448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External Quality Assessment as a strategy for Chagas disease surveillance: a study in four municipalities of Pernambuco.","authors":"Efraim Naftali Lopes Soares, Dayse da Silva Rocha, Allan Pitta Seabra, João Paulo Sales Oliveira-Correia, Fernando Vinicius Gomes de Moraes, Rafaella Albuquerque E Silva, Cleber Galvão","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0361-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0361-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Triatomines are hematophagous insects that act as vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. External Quality Assessment (EQA) is a tool used for monitoring and improving taxonomic identification activities performed by the health laboratories in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>EQA were conducted in four municipalities in the state of Pernambuco. Boxes containing a panel of 12 adult Hemiptera specimens (male and female) were sent for species identification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed 68% accuracy, with difficulty for morphologically similar species, such as those of the genus Rhodnius.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EQA is essential for monitoring laboratory performance, highlighting the need for ongoing training.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e0361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12904595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146228377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brazil accounts for nearly 90% of the leprosy cases in the Americas.","authors":"Ana Flávia Sobral de Medeiros, Aline Lidiane Batista, Sidnei Miyoshi Sakamoto, Diogo Manuel Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti, Renata Ferreira Magalhães","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0276-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0276-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leprosy is endemic to Brazil. The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have affected diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study in Mossoró-RN (2018-2023) analyzing epidemiological data, treatment abandonment, and COVID-19 co-infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average weekly number of cases declined during the post-pandemic period. The dropout rate was higher during the acute phase. Male sex was associated with dropout (odds ratio [OR], 6.32; p = 0.013). Of the 57 patients tested for COVID-19, 21 tested positive, with no clinical aggravation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pandemic has affected leprosy control. Local strategies helped reduce the impact, and co-infection did not worsen the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e0276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12904597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146228346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical cutaneous manifestations: When leprosy and syphilis overlap.","authors":"Natália Yasmin de Souza, Beatriz Zimermano Coimbra, Angela Marques Barbosa, Deusita Fernandes Gandia Soares, Marilda Aparecida Milanez Morgado de Abreu","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0391-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0391-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e0391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12922514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146228410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus Infections.","authors":"Ana Júlia Reis, Michael Andrés Abril Gómez, Mariana Quaresma de Souza, Júlia Silveira Vianna, Ivy Bastos Ramis, Pedro Eduardo Almeida da Silva","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0354-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0354-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) includes non-tuberculous mycobacteria that are widely distributed and clinically significant. Similar to tuberculosis, MABC can lead to skin and soft tissue infections and pulmonary diseases. These infections frequently occur in outbreaks, particularly among immunocompromised patients or those with preexisting pulmonary conditions. This review examines the recent progress in essential areas that define these infections as a significant challenge in medical practice, specifically the diagnostic modalities, antibiotic treatment options, and resistance of MABC to antibiotics and biocides.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e0354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12904598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146228397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Vulnerable Populations Relying on Public Health Services: Findings from the AVISA Study in Brazil.","authors":"Eliana Nogueira Castro de Barros, Manuela de Almeida Roediger, Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel, Marco Antonio de Oliveira, Victor Santana Santos, Lorena Guadalupe Barberia","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0151-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0151-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among vulnerable populations is crucial, especially in countries with universal but resource-constrained healthcare systems, such as Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional, population-based household survey within the AVISA study, which aimed to assess seroprevalence among households enrolled in the Family Health Program (ESF). Two serological assays (rapid test and ECLIA) were used to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Descriptive statistics were calculated and survey-adjusted Poisson regression models with robust variance were estimated, yielding prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall weighted seroprevalence was 35.66% (95% CI: 30.55-40.77) in 2,986 participants. Compared with individuals in the Southeast region, participants in the Northeast and North regions had a 1.48- and 1.38-times higher prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 testing positivity, respectively. Relative to individuals who self-identified as having Black or Brown skin color using IBGE-defined categories, White had a 22% lower prevalence of seropositivity (PR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.97). Compared to those living in households with four to five family members, individuals living in households with six or more family members had a higher prevalence of seropositivity (PR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.05-1.71). Individuals in the lowest per capita household income quintile were more likely to have SARS-CoV-2 infection (PR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.21-2.95) than those in the highest.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to assess SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among ESF participants, a socioeconomically vulnerable population, served by the primary care public health system. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with higher seroprevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e0151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12904596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146228438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-circulation of Plasmodium vivax and Arboviruses in the Brazil-French Guiana Border.","authors":"Marcelo Cerilo-Filho, Estela Dos Santos Medeiros, Marcelo de Lima Arouca, Marrara Pereira Sampaio, Rubens Alex de Oliveira Menezes, Margarete do Socorro Mendonça Gomes, José Rodrigo Santos Silva, Andréa Regina de Souza Baptista, Luciane Moreno Storti-Melo, Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0226-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0226-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Co-circulation of Plasmodium vivax and arboviruses is a significant but underexplored public health concern in tropical regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 300 serum samples collected between 2014 and 2015 from the Brazil-French Guiana border, including 102 malaria cases and 198 controls, using rapid tests for Immunoglobulin M (IgM), Immunoglobulin G (IgG), and Non-Structural Protein 1 (NS1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High IgG reactivity for dengue and chikungunya viruses was observed. Co-reactivity was frequent. Zika virus detection was minimal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The overlapping transmission of P. vivax and arboviruses highlights the need for integrated surveillance strategies to better address co-circulation/co-infection risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e0226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12918724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146228372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Life-Threatening Cause of Stridor, Primary Tracheal Actinomycosis.","authors":"Omer Topaloglu, Gokcen Sevilgen, Oguzhan Okcu, Hasan Turut","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0195-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0195-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Actinomycosis is a chronic, suppurative infection caused by Actinomyces israelii, an anaerobic bacterium that is part of the normal oral flora. A 47-year-old woman presented to the clinic with dyspnea and sore throat. Computed tomography(CT) revealed thickening of the proximal tracheal lumen and airway narrowing. Pathological examination of biopsy specimens obtained by rigid bronchoscopy revealed periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)(+) bacterial colonization with filamentous bacilli, consistent with Actinomyces. This report describes an uncommon presentation of tracheal actinomycosis in which tracheal dilatation was performed for both diagnostic sampling and therapeutic management of tracheal stenosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e01952025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146158389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological complications of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.","authors":"Conceição Pereira, Felipe Scortegagna, Diogo Goulart Corrêa, Felipe Pacheco","doi":"10.1590/0037-8682-0342-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0037-8682-0342-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21199,"journal":{"name":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical","volume":"59 ","pages":"e03422025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146158476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}