Reviews of infectious diseases最新文献_第7页

Immune responses to herpes simplex virus in guinea pigs (footpad model) and mice immunized with vaccinia virus recombinants containing herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D. 含单纯疱疹病毒糖蛋白D的重组痘苗病毒免疫豚鼠和小鼠对单纯疱疹病毒的免疫应答

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/clind/13.supplement_11.s924

L Aurelian, C C Smith, M Wachsman, E Paoletti

{"title":"Immune responses to herpes simplex virus in guinea pigs (footpad model) and mice immunized with vaccinia virus recombinants containing herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D.","authors":"L Aurelian, C C Smith, M Wachsman, E Paoletti","doi":"10.1093/clind/13.supplement_11.s924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clind/13.supplement_11.s924","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccinia virus recombinants containing the herpes simplex virus (HSV) gene for glycoprotein D type 1 (gD-1) under control of an early (VP176) or late (VP254) vaccinia virus promoter or for HSV glycoprotein type 2 (gD-2) under control of the early promoter (VP221) were studied for their ability to induce protective immunity to HSV-2 in the guinea pig model of cutaneous recurrent disease and the mouse model of fatal disease. Titers of HSV-specific neutralizing antibody were similar in the two groups of immunized animals, but HSV-specific T cell responses were significantly higher in VP176-immunized than in VP254-immunized animals, as determined by lymphoproliferation (P less than .005) and delayed-type hypersensitivity (P less than .01) responses. The reduced responses correlated with poor expression of the gD protein and its impaired processing in infected antigen-presenting cells (splenic adherent and epidermal cells). VP176 immunization protected against primary (P much less than .001) and recurrent (P much less than .001) cutaneous HSV-2 lesions and ganglionic latency (62% protection) in the guinea pig and against zosteriform skin lesions and fatal disease in the mouse. Immunization with VP254 was not protective. In guinea pigs VP221 did not protect against primary HSV-2 cutaneous disease but did reduce the proportion of animals with recurrent disease (P less than .05). This partial protection appears to be associated with the role of type-specific antigenic determinants in gD-2 immunoregulation.","PeriodicalId":21184,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of infectious diseases","volume":"13 Suppl 11 ","pages":"S924-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/clind/13.supplement_11.s924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12829422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Bacteria and viruses induce production of interferon in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with acute meningitis: a study of 57 cases and review. 细菌和病毒诱导急性脑膜炎患儿脑脊液产生干扰素:一项57例的研究和回顾。

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/13.6.1061

T Chonmaitree, S Baron

{"title":"Bacteria and viruses induce production of interferon in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with acute meningitis: a study of 57 cases and review.","authors":"T Chonmaitree, S Baron","doi":"10.1093/clinids/13.6.1061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/13.6.1061","url":null,"abstract":"The CSF of 57 infants and children with bacterial or enterovirus meningitis was analyzed for the presence of interferon (IFN). CSF was collected when the diagnosis of meningitis was made; a bacterium or enterovirus was isolated in all cases. IFN was detectable in CSF in 24% of cases of bacterial meningitis and in 75% of cases of viral meningitis. Titers of IFN were generally lower in cases of bacterial meningitis. Neither the presence of IFN nor the level of IFN titers correlated with the patient's age or number of white blood cells or mononuclear cells in the CSF. Coxsackievirus induced production of IFN more consistently and in higher titers than did echovirus. None of 35 control patients had detectable IFN in CSF. A literature review and our data indicate that the presence of IFN in CSF suggests infection of the CNS but does not differentiate bacterial from viral infection. The finding of IFN in the CSF of children with bacterial meningitis supports evidence that bacteria and other nonviral microorganisms induce IFN production. The protective role of IFN in nonviral infections deserves further investigation.","PeriodicalId":21184,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of infectious diseases","volume":"13 6","pages":"1061-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/clinids/13.6.1061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12887007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Pertussis encephalopathy in an adult: case report and review. 成人百日咳脑病一例:病例报告与回顾。

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/13.6.1043

S A Halperin, T J Marrie

引用次数: 53

Genetically engineered attenuated herpes simplex viruses. 基因工程减毒单纯疱疹病毒。

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/clind/13.supplement_11.s895

B Meignier

引用次数: 12

Disseminated pelvic actinomycosis presenting as metastatic carcinoma: association with the progestasert intrauterine device. 播散性盆腔放线菌病表现为转移性癌:与孕激素宫内节育器有关。

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/13.6.1115

J H Perlow, T Wigton, E L Yordan, J Graham, N Wool, G D Wilbanks

{"title":"Disseminated pelvic actinomycosis presenting as metastatic carcinoma: association with the progestasert intrauterine device.","authors":"J H Perlow, T Wigton, E L Yordan, J Graham, N Wool, G D Wilbanks","doi":"10.1093/clinids/13.6.1115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/13.6.1115","url":null,"abstract":"Actinomycosis is caused by the anaerobic bacterium Actinomyces israelii. Asymptomatic colonization of the cervix with this organism has been noted in users of an intrauterine device (IUD), and its prevalence ranges between 1.6% and 36%. Rarely, symptomatic infection may occur, with the potential for extensive morbidity and even death. Herein we report a patient who survived severe disseminated actinomycosis yet presented with the clinical picture of a metastasized malignancy. This is the first report of disseminated pelvic actinomycosis presenting as an external lesion of the abdominal wall and in which a Progestasert IUD (Alza, Palo Alto, CA) was present. The common difficulty, and thus delay, in diagnosing this disease led to considerable morbidity due to an infection considered curable with penicillin. We recommend that all patients with an IUD or a history of IUD use have such information made known to those responsible for interpreting the Papanicolaou smear. Such knowledge may heighten suspicion and focus attention on the identification of these organisms before onset of clinical disease. It is important to consider this disease when caring for patients with an IUD or when counseling those contemplating its use as a contraceptive.","PeriodicalId":21184,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of infectious diseases","volume":"13 6","pages":"1115-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/clinids/13.6.1115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12999397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 34

Methodologic aspects of clinical studies of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. 围手术期抗生素预防临床研究的方法学方面。

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/13.supplement_10.s810

R Platt

引用次数: 11

Antimicrobial prophylaxis for appendectomy and colorectal surgery. 阑尾切除术和结直肠手术的抗菌预防。

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/13.supplement_10.s815

S L Gorbach

{"title":"Antimicrobial prophylaxis for appendectomy and colorectal surgery.","authors":"S L Gorbach","doi":"10.1093/clinids/13.supplement_10.s815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/13.supplement_10.s815","url":null,"abstract":"Current opinion favors the use of antimicrobial prophylaxis in all operations for acute appendicitis. In clinical trials with placebo controls, the reduction in the rate of postoperative infectious complications is most apparent in perforated and/or gangrenous appendicitis, but benefits are also seen in nonperforated appendicitis and even in those with a normal appendix. In elective colorectal operations, it has been established that all patients should receive prophylactic antibiotics. The choices are an oral bowel preparation consisting of neomycin or kanamycin combined with erythromycin or metronidazole; a parenteral antimicrobial drug such as cefoxitin or cefotetan; or a combined oral/parenteral regimen. Risk factors for postoperative wound infection include a prolonged duration of surgery (greater than 3.5 hours) and rectal resection. The most popular prophylactic regimen employed by American surgeons, particularly in the presence of adverse risk factors, is oral neomycin/erythromycin along with a short course (one to three doses) of a systemic cephalosporin active against anaerobes.","PeriodicalId":21184,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of infectious diseases","volume":"13 Suppl 10 ","pages":"S815-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/clinids/13.supplement_10.s815","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12917438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 48

Clinical applications of chemiluminescence of granulocytes. 粒细胞化学发光的临床应用。

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/13.5.918

R W Steele

{"title":"Clinical applications of chemiluminescence of granulocytes.","authors":"R W Steele","doi":"10.1093/clinids/13.5.918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/13.5.918","url":null,"abstract":"The oxidative metabolic activity of granulocytes can be directly examined by chemiluminescence, a laboratory technique that measures photon emission during well-defined inflammatory or microbicidal events. Numerous studies have utilized chemiluminescence to examine early changes during infectious diseases and other pathologic processes. Studies have suggested that receptors on cell surfaces and oxygenation of granulocytes can reflect the severity of disease as well as provide early diagnostic information. Diseases within virtually every subspecialty of medicine have been studied in this respect, but most investigations have focused on infectious and autoimmune conditions. The present review summarizes current progress in laboratory methods and evaluates the potential application of recently published clinical data. It is apparent that during disease myeloperoxidase- and oxidase-dependent oxygenation activities reflect separate host responses, and independent measurements of these activities will offer a more meaningful understanding of host defense. Immune complexes and other factors in serum may also interact with granulocytes to alter the receptors on cell surfaces and subsequent metabolic activity. In some circumstances, enhanced function of granulocytes may be detrimental to the host.","PeriodicalId":21184,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of infectious diseases","volume":"13 5","pages":"918-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/clinids/13.5.918","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13119357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Listeriosis following shigellosis. 志贺氏菌病后的李斯特菌病。

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/13.5.865

B Lorber

引用次数: 22

Detection of the source of recurrent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia by ultrafast computerized tomography. 超快速计算机断层扫描检测复发性金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症的来源。

Reviews of infectious diseases Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/13.5.893

D S McKinsey, W Stanford, D L Smith

{"title":"Detection of the source of recurrent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia by ultrafast computerized tomography.","authors":"D S McKinsey, W Stanford, D L Smith","doi":"10.1093/clinids/13.5.893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/13.5.893","url":null,"abstract":"A patient with spina bifida secondary to an Arnold-Chiari deformity experienced seven episodes of sustained bacteremia due to Staphylococcus aureus over 2 years. Despite an extensive diagnostic evaluation the source of the recurrent bacteremia remained obscure. The patient's mother eventually recalled that a procedure for replacement of a ventriculoatrial shunt performed 16 years earlier had been complicated by retention of a shunt fragment in the bloodstream. Standard radiographic techniques failed to identify an intravascular foreign body; however, ultrafast computerized tomography of the heart demonstrated a density in the right atrium. Atriotomy was performed and a plastic catheter fragment was excised. Bacteremia has not recurred during a follow-up period of 24 months. Patients with recurrent unexplained bacteremia should be evaluated carefully for the presence of occult intravascular catheter fragments that may be retained after surgical procedures or intravascular instrumentation. Ultrafast computed tomographic scanning of the heart is a useful technique for detecting intracardiac catheter fragments.","PeriodicalId":21184,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of infectious diseases","volume":"13 5","pages":"893-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/clinids/13.5.893","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13120829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5