Reviews on recent clinical trials最新文献

{"title":"Systematic Review on Clinical Trial Regulations: Perspectives from India, USA, and Europe.","authors":"Simran Dixit, Navneet Sharma, Vikesh Kumar Shukla","doi":"10.2174/0115748871365163250707075747","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871365163250707075747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The pharmaceutical industry has undergone significant regulatory evolution, particularly in India, with the replacement of Schedule Y by the New Drugs and Clinical Trial (NDCT) Rules. These changes reflect India's commitment to ensuring the efficacy, safety, and quality of drugs while aligning with global standards.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To conduct the literature search for the review, we employed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach from 2013 to 2024 for selecting titles and abstracts. The following keywords were used: Clinical Trial Regulations, CDSCO, FDA, and EMA. Further, the databases, such as Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, were explored for the searches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical trial framework of India, overseen by the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), emphasizes expedited approval pathways, ethical oversight by Institutional Ethics Committees (IECs), and cost-effectiveness. Its large and diverse patient pool, along with adherence to Good Clinical Practice (GCP) standards, makes it attractive for multinational trials. Regulatory reforms, such as mandatory trial registration and digital initiatives, further enhance transparency and efficiency.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>While India shares common ground with the USA and Europe on many regulatory aspects, it stands out for its efficient processes and accessibility, positioning itself as a key hub for global clinical research. Comparisons reveal India's focus on improving efficiency through digitalization and continuous reforms, underscoring its role in advancing clinical trial practices worldwide.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The regulatory evolution of India demonstrates a strong commitment to medical innovation, patient safety, and ethical standards, positioning it as a competitive player in global clinical research. Ongoing collaboration among industry, academia, and regulatory bodies is crucial for addressing emerging challenges and promoting a harmonized, patient-centric approach to clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"e15748871365163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144708597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Vitamin D Status - Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Resistance.","authors":"Shariq Rashid Masoodi, Khalid J Farooqui, Imtiyaz Ahmed Najar, Peerzada Ovais Ahmad, Sazal Patyar, Poonam Arora, Manish Kumar","doi":"10.2174/0115748871310723250516041347","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871310723250516041347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Among premenopausal women, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most ubiquitous endocrine and metabolic conditions. Abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, obesity, metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular hazards are often associated with PCOS. This investigation aims to decipher the influence of oral Vitamin D3 supplementation (2000 IU/day for three months) on glucose metabolism in PCOS women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>123 subjects (females 16 to 40 years of age) were arbitrarily allocated to three cohorts (n = 41 in each cohort) Each participant received two tablets daily and a sachet every month for three months (Group I: Vitamin D3 Tablets + placebo sachets; Group II: Placebo Tablets + Vitamin D3 sachets; Group III: Tablets + Placebo sachets).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 123 PCOS subjects, 93.4% exhibited hypovitaminosis D. The baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration of 13.76 (SD ± 10.61) ng/ml increased by 86.84% post-intervention. Groups I and II (active group) depicted substantial diminution in pre-treatment fasting and 2-h blood glucose, with no substantial change in the HOMA-IR. Group III (placebo) showed no improvement in vitamin D status or HOMA-IR. Overall, we observed no substantial HOMA-IR improvement with vitamin D subjunction. However, subgroup analysis revealed a statistically significant enhancement in HOMA-IR for subjects achieving a two-fold upsurge in post-supplementation 25(OH)D levels (≥ 20 ng/ml) compared to those without this increase (p = 0.025).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The cohort's mean blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were successfully boosted by 84% by Vitamin D3 dosage; yet, the influence on insulin resistance markers displayed a subtle complexity. A relationship was found amid the absolute variation in HOMAIR and the percentage variation in Vitamin D. Nevertheless, there was no substantial general alteration in the mean HOMA-IR across different subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin D3 supplementation improves glucose metabolism, as demonstrated by lower fasting and 2-hour blood glucose levels, but overall has no substantial repercussion on measures of insulin sensitivity like HOMA-IR. A larger vitamin D3 dose and an extended follow-up study are essential to comprehend the complex physiology of vitamin D and glucose homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"15-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Software in Clinical Trials: FDA Regulatory Frameworks and Addressing Challenges.","authors":"Simran Dixit, Deepti Sharma, Navneet Sharma, Vikesh Kumar Shukla","doi":"10.2174/0115748871359356250523033831","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871359356250523033831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An essential tool for assessing the efficacy and safety of novel therapies and interventions is the clinical trial. They are crucial for understanding disease causes, treatment effectiveness, and patient care processes. However, traditional clinical trials often suffer from inefficiencies, high costs, and extended timelines. This review explores how artificial intelligence can revolutionize clinical trials by addressing these inefficiencies in trial design, patient recruitment, and data analysis. It also discusses the challenges and solutions for incorporating AI within existing regulatory frameworks. This review is based on a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature on artificial intelligence applications in clinical trials. It includes an evaluation of studies that assess the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing trial efficiency, optimizing patient recruitment, and improving data analysis. Special attention is given to regulatory considerations, with a focus on Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines and their impact on artificial intelligence integration in clinical research. The successful integration of artificial intelligence into clinical trials has the potential to optimize procedures, enhance clinical judgment, and improve patient outcomes. Artificial intelligence can streamline patient stratification, accelerate trial timelines, and enhance data analysis accuracy. However, overcoming challenges related to interpretability, data privacy, and regulatory compliance is crucial. Collaboration between researchers, artificial intelligence developers, and regulatory bodies is essential to establish guidelines ensuring artificial intelligence innovations are safe and effective. Ultimately, artificial intelligence could transform clinical research and pave the way for more personalized healthcare solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Efficacy of Small Molecule Drugs in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Trials.","authors":"Drashti Desai, Charmi Jyotishi, Suresh Prajapati, Reeshu Gupta","doi":"10.2174/0115748871373056250530040447","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871373056250530040447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), or progeria, is an exceptionally rare disorder characterized by premature aging. It is primarily caused by a c.1824C>T point mutation in exon 11 of the LMNA gene, though other rare pathogenic variants have also been reported. This mutation leads to aberrant splicing, producing a farnesylated mutant form of lamin A known as progerin. Progerin accumulates abnormally in the nuclear lamina, triggering numerous cellular dysfunctions, including nuclear deformation, disrupted proteostasis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, replicative stress, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, impaired DNA endjoining repair, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence. These disruptions collectively manifest as a multisystem disorder characterized by failure to thrive, accelerated atherosclerosis, and severe complications such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and risks associated with head trauma or surgical interventions. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) have shown potential in mitigating disease phenotypes in preclinical models, with lonafarnib achieving FDA approval in 2020 as the first-and currently only-drug for progeria treatment. This review focuses on the clinical trial outcomes of small-molecule therapeutics for progeria, with particular emphasis on emerging small molecules from recent research. These novel compounds, with their unique mechanisms of action, hold promise not only for improving disease management but potentially offering a cure for this devastating condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"e15748871373056"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144507985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-rater Reliability and Accuracy of NBI Score for Activity Evaluation in Ulcerative Colitis.","authors":"Gianpiero Stefanelli, Marco Valvano, Annalisa Capannolo, Stefano Necozione, Angelo Viscido, Giovanni Latella, Michele Marchese","doi":"10.2174/0115748871367645250623062144","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871367645250623062144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Colonoscopy is a critical tool for the management of Ulcerative Colitis (UC). In this study, we aim to explore the accuracy of Virtual Chromoendoscopy (VCE) using Narrow Banding Imaging (NBI), and magnification using Near Focus (NF) for a better definition of endoscopic inflammation grade in UC patients compared to standard white light (WL) endoscopy alone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a non-randomized prospective study including all the patients who underwent a colonoscopy (for any reason) between April and September 2023 (with protocol number n. 60/2019.20). During the endoscopic evaluation, at least one image with white light - evaluated using the Mayo Endoscopic Score (MES), one image with NBI, one image with NBI plus NF, and a biopsy were obtained in each colonic tract (cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum). All the stored images were evaluated by three endoscopists separately and compared with the results of the histological evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 31 UC patients were included. The inter-rater reliability concerning the different scores used (MES, NBI score, and NBI plus NF score), which was evaluated with Cohen's kappa coefficient, was good for the MES, good to excellent for the NBI score, and good for the NBI plus NF score. The concordance between histological evaluation (using the Nancy Index) and the MES was unsatisfactory for all the endoscopists, while the concordance between the NBI evaluation score and the Nancy Index was good to excellent.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The reported results demonstrated both the inter-rater reliability and diagnostic accuracy of NBI in assessing endoscopic disease activity. The high inter-operator agreement, ranging from good to excellent, further supports the feasibility and consistency of NBI as a practical tool.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results in the present study suggest that the new endoscopic technologies could be useful to better define disease activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients driving better therapeutic strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"e15748871367645"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13539585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Different Diode Laser Wavelengths in Targeting <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Biofilm in Root Canal Treatment.","authors":"Mohammed Al-Jaberi, Salman Sahab Atshan, Sonia Zouiten","doi":"10.2174/0115748871367667250912111157","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871367667250912111157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Disinfection of the root canal system is crucial for the effectiveness of root canal treatment. Lasers and photoactivated disinfection (PAD) have emerged as preferred methods for eliminating pathogens from the root canal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty intact, freshly extracted adult human uniradicular mature teeth with a single root canal were collected. The crowns were removed, resulting in canals measuring 14 mm in length. The root canals were prepared, sterilized, and then inoculated with broth containing Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), followed by incubation for 30 days in an aerobic environment at 37°C. Biofilm formation was verified using a scanning electron microscope. The samples were randomly divided into six experimental groups (n = 10). Group 1 consisted of teeth treated only with distilled water. Group 2 teeth received 3% NaOCl and 17% EDTA as part of Conventional Chemomechanical Debridement (CCMD) but no additional treatment. Groups 3-6 also received CCMD followed by additional laser disinfection as follows: Group 3 underwent photoactivated disinfection (PAD) using riboflavin with a 450 nm laser; Group 4 underwent PAD using toluidine blue O (TBO) with a 635 nm laser; Group 5 underwent conventional laser endodontics (CLE) with an 808 nm laser; and Group 6 underwent CLE using triple wavelengths of 450 nm, 635 nm, and 808 nm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in colony-forming units (CFUs) among the groups after treatment (p < 0.001). Subsequent analysis showed that the difference in mean CFUs between the PAD groups and the CLE groups was not statistically significant. The group treated with the triple laser wavelength exhibited the lowest average CFUs/mL, while the distilled water group had the highest mean value.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study confirms that diode laser-assisted disinfection significantly enhances bacterial reduction compared with conventional irrigation alone. Although PAD methods reduced E. faecalis, their effect was not statistically superior to conventional laser endodontics (CLE). The triplewavelength diode laser group achieved the greatest bacterial reduction, likely due to the synergistic effects of thermal and photochemical interactions. These findings support the adjunctive use of laser disinfection to improve root canal decontamination, particularly when combined with chemomechanical preparation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that combining an irrigating solution with a diode laser enhances the effectiveness of reducing pathogenic numbers.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"61-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145293427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ICU Mortality Prediction Using XGBoost-based Scoring Systems: A Study from a Developing Country.","authors":"Reema Karasneh, Sayer Al-Azzam, Karem H Alzoubi, Mohammad Araydah, Dania Rahhal, Yamin Al-Azzam, Zelal Kharaba, Suad Kabbaha, Mamoon A Aldeyab","doi":"10.2174/0115748871348585250604065542","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871348585250604065542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Accurate mortality prediction in intensive care units (ICUs) is essential for enhancing patient outcomes and optimizing healthcare resource allocation. Traditional scoring systems, such as APACHE, APACHE II, and SAPS, have limitations in handling complex, high- -dimensional ICU data. In this study, multiple machine learning models were compared to establish an efficacious predictive model for mortality tailored explicitly to the Jordanian population and to explicate factors strongly associated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted as a single-center, retrospective cohort investigation, and the XGBoost machine learning algorithm was used to develop a novel ICU mortality prediction model. The model aimed to achieve superior prediction accuracy using a diverse set of readily available clinical data, including demographics, comorbidities, laboratory results, and medication groups. Model performance was evaluated against alternative machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression, conventionally employed in traditional scoring systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparative analysis revealed that the XGBoost model performed better than other scoring systems, manifesting heightened accuracy (87.91%), sensitivity (92.88%), and Area Under the Receiver-Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC) Score/Curve (94.29%). Notably, the patient's length of hospital stays, albumin levels, and urea levels emerged as the most substantial predictors for ICU mortality, each exhibiting respective SHAP values of 0.5, 0.41, and 0.37.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>A locally adapted ICU mortality prediction model was developed, underscoring the pivotal role of predictors such as hospital stay duration, albumin, and urea levels in predicting patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The heightened accuracy and sensitivity of the XGBoost model signify its potential as an invaluable tool in the critical task of mortality prediction within the Jordanian ICU context.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"e15748871348585"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Lifestyle Modification Counselling by the Tajik Method on Hormonal Profiles and Pregnancy Rates in Women with POI: A Randomized Controlled Trial at Fatemieh Hospital, Hamadan, 2024.","authors":"Mehrnoosh Hosseinpoor, Farideh Kazemi, Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi, Flora Tajiki, Yasaman Pakniyat, Mina Mollabashi, Hamideh Chelopaz, Seyed Mohammad Hossein Oliaei","doi":"10.2174/0115748871366215250712150042","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871366215250712150042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Reduction in the quantity and quality of ova during the reproductive period of women is a physiological phenomenon. However, in some women, the deterioration of the ovaries occurs suddenly, and they experience infertility due to premature ovarian failure. This study aimed to explore the correlation between Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and the pregnancy rate of women in relation to the Tajik lifestyle modification diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this clinical randomized controlled trial study conducted in 2023, 72 infertile couples were randomly assigned to two groups, control and intervention. The intervention group received Tajik counseling sessions. In cases of normal distribution, the ANCOVA test was used to evaluate the difference between the two groups, and within-group comparisons were made using a paired t-test, while between-group comparisons were made using an independent t-test. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In comparison to the control group, women with POI exhibited notably lower levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin, along with higher anti-mullein levels. Within the intervention group, there were 17 successful pregnancies, two miscarriages, and 14 instances of improved menstrual status, resulting in a pregnancy rate of 52.7%.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>After receiving lifestyle modification advice using the Tajik method, women with POI experienced improvements in their FSH, LH, AMH, and PRL hormone levels, leading to an increase in their pregnancy rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results of the present study, the use of the Tajik method is recommended to help treat POI.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"e15748871366215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144744567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroidectomy Complications after Ligasure Small Jaw Use, Case Series, Prospective Study.","authors":"Mohammad Bukhetan Alharbi","doi":"10.2174/0115748871336355250420013730","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871336355250420013730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Ligasure small jaw (LISJ) is believed to provide several benefits for thyroid surgery. The use of LISJ by non-expert surgeons or those who erroneously assume its extensive usage can reduce postoperative bleeding may, in reality, pose a considerable risk of additional severe consequences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between March and December of 2022, I analyzed complications following total thyroidectomy (TTH) case series for 10 patients who underwent surgery for papillary thyroid cancer by one qualified surgeon using LISJ. Cohorts were evaluated prospectively including hypocalcemia (HC) and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLND) palsy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 10 patients experienced postoperative hypocalcemia (HC), necessitating a postoperative calcium supplement with vitamin D. 9/10 (90%) patients had temporary HC, one patient (10%) had persistent HC. One patient (10%) suffered stridor after extubation, with RLND palsy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Using the Ligasure small jaw in thyroid surgery necessitates greater awareness of the potential hazards associated with thermal injury, particularly the risk of compromising blood supply to the parathyroid gland and damaging the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Ligasure Small Jaw serves as an effective hemostatic device, but it requires more attention in complete thyroidectomy. During a complete thyroidectomy, the Ligasure Small Jaw's lateral heating action may affect delicate structures more often than reported. Such damage could lead to hypocalcemia, which could be temporary or permanent, and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. More research would provide greater insights into the anticipated complication rates, particularly when conducted by less experienced specialized surgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"e15748871336355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Current Challenges and Emerging Therapies in Psoriasis Management.","authors":"Ashish Kumar Parashar, Keshav Saini, Vandana Arora Sethi, Chitra Gupta","doi":"10.2174/0115748871393960250912053926","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115748871393960250912053926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that presents ongoing challenges in its management. Current therapeutic approaches, including topical agents, phototherapy, systemic immunomodulators, and biologics, focus on symptom alleviation and improving patients' quality of life. Nonetheless, several limitations exist, such as adverse effects associated with treatments, the emergence of resistance, high costs, and significant inter-individual variability in therapeutic responses. Recent advancements in psoriasis management show promise in developing novel therapeutic agents. Biologics targeting underexploited pathways, particularly interleukin-23 inhibitors like lebrikizumab, have shown superior efficacy profiles. Small molecule inhibitors, such as RORγt and ROCK2 inhibitors, have broadened the therapeutic landscape. Combination regimens, including biologics in conjunction with methotrexate, may enhance overall treatment efficacy. Innovations in topical drug delivery systems, particularly through the use of microneedles and nanoparticle-based carriers, provide the potential for improved therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, the integration of biomarkers and multi-omics approaches holds substantial promise for personalized treatment strategies, refining diagnostic precision and predicting treatment responses while guiding therapeutic decisions. Collaborating among researchers, clinicians, and industry stakeholders is crucial to translating these scientific advancements into clinical practice. By addressing existing challenges and leveraging these emerging therapies, we can significantly enhance the management of psoriasis and improve patient outcomes for this chronic condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":21174,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on recent clinical trials","volume":" ","pages":"e15748871393960"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}