Reviews of Modern Physics最新文献

{"title":"Notes on Gauge Field Theories (II): Local Electromagnetic Dual Transformation The-ory, Generalized Kaluza-Klein Emergent Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theory and Higher-Dimensional Gravitational Gauge Field Theory","authors":"建其 沈","doi":"10.12677/mp.2023.135014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/mp.2023.135014","url":null,"abstract":"This paper continues to explore and review the two topics of “synthetic” gauge field and “emergent” gauge field, which have already been considered in the last paper entitled “Notes on Gauge Field Theories (I)”. The present paper on “Notes on Gauge Field Theories (II)” includes three topics: i) A theory of local electromagnetic dual transformation symmetry and dual gauge field is suggested based on the previous theories of magnetic charge and dual transformation, and it is pointed out that the effect of dual gauge potential makes an electromagnetic wave in vacuum seem to propagate in an anisotropic medium whose permittivity and permeability are both tensors; ii) A non-Abelian version or generalized Kaluza-Klein theory is given in detail. The purpose is to introduce a theory of fundamental interaction that unifies Einstein’s general-relativity gravity and Yang-Mills gauge interaction. In this model, the Yang-Mills gauge potential is a higher-dimensional gravitational me-tric-field off-diagonal component emerging in the ordinary four-dimensional spacetime, or in other words, the Yang-Mills gauge field is essentially a non-Abelian Kaluza-Klein higher-dimensional gravitational field; iii) A theory of higher-dimensional spin-connection gravitational gauge field theory, of which the gravitational Lagrangian density is quadratic in the Riemannian curvature, is reviewed. The higher-dimensional spin-affine connection (the Lorentz connection) can serve as a Yang-Mills gauge potential and the spin currents of vectorial and spinorial matter fields play a role of Yang-Mills gauge charge currents in the four-dimensional spacetime, and so the gravitational interaction and the Yang-Mills gauge interaction can be unified into the present higher-dimensional spin-connection gravitational gauge theory, which was suggested by us. There have been many theories of gravitation in the literature. Although the merits and weaknesses of only the non-Abelian version of Kaluza-Klein theory and the gauge theory of gravitation are reviewed in this paper, we expect that the analysis of these two theories would still help readers to draw parallels among the relevant gravity theories and to understand the stylistic characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of various gravitation theories in the literature.","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135754375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Calculation for the Energy and Transition Energy of O6+ Ion in Confined Environment","authors":"洋洋 鲍","doi":"10.12677/mp.2023.134010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/mp.2023.134010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74611920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Ordering of Ferroelectric Polarization and Its Thermodynamic Compensation","authors":"路 卢","doi":"10.12677/mp.2023.132004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/mp.2023.132004","url":null,"abstract":"The polarization effect of ferroelectrics has been widely used in information storage, precise mea-*","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74544255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Spatial Coherence on the Scattering Properties of a Dielectric Nanodimer","authors":"颖君 何","doi":"10.12677/mp.2023.136015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/mp.2023.136015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134982306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Height Function of a 1D Tight-Binding Quasicrystal Model and Multifractality of Wavefunction","authors":"兰 苏","doi":"10.12677/mp.2023.132006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/mp.2023.132006","url":null,"abstract":"A tight-binding Hamiltonian is constructed in a one-dimensional quasicrystal model and the central electronic eigenstate is investigated based on the substitution rule. By computing the height function distribution, the multifractal spectrum of the wavefunction is obtained. The results show typical behaviors of the critical state.","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89529429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scientific Explanation of the Universe’s Evolution Based on the Relativity Theory","authors":"业勋 钟","doi":"10.12677/mp.2023.134009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/mp.2023.134009","url":null,"abstract":"In order to explain the emergence of the theory of cosmic evolution","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75211874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Clock of Relativistic Matter Wave and Calculation of Human Mean Lifespan 84 Years","authors":"怀洋 崔","doi":"10.12677/mp.2023.132005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/mp.2023.132005","url":null,"abstract":"It is found that relativistic matter wave provides a biological clock for human beings. At the first, two examples are given to show the validity of the relativistic matter wave. Next, the sunspot period, earth’s atmosphere circulation and human biological clock are investigated, the clock formula is derived.","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89332358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Colloquium:</i> Advances in automation of quantum dot devices control.","authors":"Justyna P Zwolak, Jacob M Taylor","doi":"10.1103/revmodphys.95.011006","DOIUrl":"10.1103/revmodphys.95.011006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arrays of quantum dots (QDs) are a promising candidate system to realize scalable, coupled qubit systems and serve as a fundamental building block for quantum computers. In such semiconductor quantum systems, devices now have tens of individual electrostatic and dynamical voltages that must be carefully set to localize the system into the single-electron regime and to realize good qubit operational performance. The mapping of requisite QD locations and charges to gate voltages presents a challenging classical control problem. With an increasing number of QD qubits, the relevant parameter space grows sufficiently to make heuristic control unfeasible. In recent years, there has been considerable effort to automate device control that combines script-based algorithms with machine learning (ML) techniques. In this Colloquium, a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in the automation of QD device control is presented, with a particular emphasis on silicon- and GaAs-based QDs formed in two-dimensional electron gases. Combining physics-based modeling with modern numerical optimization and ML has proven effective in yielding efficient, scalable control. Further integration of theoretical, computational, and experimental efforts with computer science and ML holds vast potential in advancing semiconductor and other platforms for quantum computing.</p>","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10088060/pdf/nihms-1877609.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9364107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Electromagnetic Properties of Flake Carbonyl Iron Based Composite Rubber","authors":"存瑞 张","doi":"10.12677/mp.2023.132003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/mp.2023.132003","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper flake carbonyl iron absorbent was used as the main absorbent of silicone rub-ber-based microwave absorbing material to prepare silicone rubber-based microwave absorbing material by mixing dispersion and molding vulcanization. The electromagnetic parameters and radar reflectivity of the prepared silicone rubber-based microwave absorbing material were cha-张存瑞","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81181452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Possible Charge Forming Mechanism Based on the Preon Model","authors":"同生 夏","doi":"10.12677/mp.2023.131001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/mp.2023.131001","url":null,"abstract":"Preons are named for sub-quark/sub-lepton particles. It has attracted a lot of interest ever since it was proposed. However, the present work based on the idea of preons has several problems, including the lack of a dynamical framework and the lack of an explanation. In this paper, we will try to connect the preon model with Kerr black hole analysis in the Planck scale to make it more complete and reasonable. It is based on the quasi normal mode analysis of the Kerr black hole in the Planck scale. We find, by perturbation, the quasi normal mode has the real part corresponding to e/3 when the magnetic momentum quantum number is equal to two. By noticing that there is one more triplet","PeriodicalId":21172,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77992074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}