Psychiatry Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Sleep Inertia and Its Associates in Shift and Non-Shift Workers.","authors":"Juseung Kang, Jichul Kim, Jooyoung Lee, Hyewon Yeo, Yunjee Hwang, Somi Lee, Sehyun Jeon, Seog Ju Kim","doi":"10.30773/pi.2024.0037","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2024.0037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the difference in sleep inertia between shift workers (SWs) and non-shift workers (NSWs) and the effects of depressive symptoms, sleepiness, insomnia, and chronotype on sleep inertia in SWs and NSWs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Altogether, 4,561 SWs (2,142 men and 2,419 women, aged 36.99±9.84 years) and 2,093 NSWs (999 men and 1,094 women, aged 37.80±9.73 years) participated in the current study. All participants completed the Sleep Inertia Questionnaire (SIQ), Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) through an online survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SWs reported higher SIQ scores than NSWs after controlling for CESD, ESS, ISI, or MEQ. The CESD, ESS, ISI, and MEQ predicted SIQ in both SWs and NSWs. The effects of CESD and MEQ on SIQ were stronger in SWs and NSWs, respectively. The indirect effects of CESD and MEQ on SIQ via ESS were significantly moderated by work schedules.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SWs showed higher sleep inertia than NSWs. The effect of chronotypes on sleep inertia was more prominent in NSWs than in SWs. However, the effect of depressive symptoms on sleep inertia was more prominent in SWs than in NSWs. Moreover, the effect of depressive symptoms or chronotypes on sleep inertia was mediated by sleepiness, and such indirect effects were significantly different among the participants stratified by work schedules.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"905-911"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Different Associations of White Matter Hyperintensities With Severity of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment According to the Distance From the Lateral Ventricular Surface in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Hyun Ju Yang, Jae Min Song, Subin Lee, Ho Kyu Lee, Bong Soo Kim, Ki Woong Kim, Joon Hyuk Park","doi":"10.30773/pi.2024.0082","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2024.0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are common among the elderly. Although WMH play a key role in lowering the threshold for the clinical expression of dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology, the clinical significance of their location is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between WMH and cognitive function according to the location of WMH in AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects underwent clinical evaluations including volumetric brain magnetic resonance imaging study and neuropsychological tests using the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Packet. WMH were calculated using automated quantification method. According to the distance from the lateral ventricular surface, WMH within 3 mm, WMH within 3-13 mm, and WMH over 13 mm were classified as juxtaventricular WMH (JVWMH), periventricular WMH (PVWMH), and deep WMH (DWMH), respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total WMH volume was associated with poor performance in categorical verbal fluency test (β=-0.197, p=0.035). JVWMH volume was associated with poor performances on categorical verbal fluency test (β=-0.201, p=0.032) and forward digit span test (β= -0.250, p=0.012). PVWMH volume was associated with poor performances on categorical verbal fluency test (β=-0.185, p=0.042) and word list memory test (β=-0.165, p=0.042), whereas DWMH volume showed no association with cognitive tests. PVWMH volume were also related to Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes score (β=0.180, p=0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WMH appear to exhibit different associations with the severity of dementia and cognitive impairment according to the distance from ventricle surface in AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"850-859"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Standardized Suicide Prevention Program for Gatekeeper Intervention in Korea (Suicide CARE Version 2.0) to Prevent Adolescent Suicide: Version for Teachers.","authors":"Hyeon-Ah Lee, Yeon Jung Lee, Kyong Ah Kim, Myungjae Baik, Jong-Woo Paik, Jinmi Seol, Sang Min Lee, Eun-Jin Lee, Haewoo Lee, Meerae Lim, Jin Yong Jun, Seon Wan Ki, Hong Jin Jeon, Sun Jung Kwon, Hwa-Young Lee","doi":"10.30773/pi.2024.0081","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2024.0081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The increasing concern over adolescent suicide necessitates suicide prevention training for school teachers, as students spend a significant portion of their time at school. This study's objective is to develop a suicide prevention program tailored for teachers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The program was developed by a multidisciplinary research team, drawing on a review of both domestic and international suicide prevention programs, related scholarly articles, and Korean psychological autopsy interviews of adolescents. This was complemented by a survey of teachers to assess the program's practicality and usability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The developed program comprises three parts, consistent with other versions: Careful Observation, Active Listening, and Risk Evaluation and Expert Referral. Careful Observation focuses on training teachers to recognize verbal, behavioral, and situational warning signs of suicidal ideation in students; Active Listening involves strategies for encouraging students to express their suicidal thoughts and techniques for being an empathetic and attentive listener; Risk Evaluation and Expert Referral provides instruction on how to assess suicide risk and assist students safely.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is anticipated that this program will equip teachers with valuable knowledge and skills, contributing to a reduction in adolescents suicide rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"860-869"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral Anxiety, Reassurance-Seeking Behavior, and Depression Mediate the Influence of Dysfunctional Self-Focus on Preoccupation With COVID-19 Among Infected Cases.","authors":"Byeongha Yoon, Jihoon Hong, Seockhoon Chung","doi":"10.30773/pi.2024.0097","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2024.0097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the pervasive threat of infection has heightened public and individual health concerns. In the context of instability, although the dysfunctional aspect of self-focus was prominent, preoccupation with viral infection was greater. This study explored the applicability of a cognitive-behavioral model of hypochondriasis to individuals infected with COVID-19 and assessed whether dysfunctional self-focus were associated with the development of preoccupation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymous online survey was conducted via a professional survey platform in December 2022. Participants' clinical characteristics and responses to rating scales were collected, including Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS), Coronavirus Reassurance-Seeking Behaviors Scale (CRBS), Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemic-6 items (SAVE-6), Patient Health Questionnaire-2 items (PHQ-2), and Dysfunctional Self-focus Attributes Scale (DSAS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 265 participants, preoccupation with COVID-19 was predicted using CRBS (β=0.60, p<0.001), SAVE-6 (β=0.20, p=0.007), and PHQ-2 (β=0.13, p<0.001) scores. Mediation analysis revealed that viral anxiety influenced this COVID-19 preoccupation, with the relationship mediated by coronavirus reassurance-seeking behavior. Another analysis indicated that dysfunctional self-focus had a significant total effect on preoccupation with COVID-19. However, its direct impact was statistically insignificant, with the association primarily influenced by three mediating factors: viral anxiety, depression, and reassurance-seeking behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoccupation with coronavirus is influenced by viral anxiety, depression, and reassurance-seeking behavior. Two mediation analyses showed that the application of the cognitive-behavioral model of hypochondriasis is feasible among COVID-19-infected cases and the association of dysfunctional self-focus with mediating factors. This finding highlights the need for personalized psychological support in managing COVID-19 cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"897-904"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Food for Thought\": Improving Cognition in People With Schizophrenia.","authors":"Til Wykes","doi":"10.30773/pi.2023.0320","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2023.0320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We have known that cognitive difficulties are related to functional outcomes in schizophrenia for many years. However, we have only paid attention to potential treatments relatively recently, so implementation has been slow.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a narrative review describing the development of cognitive remediation treatments to improve cognitive skills and their effects on functioning. It also reviews the types of cognitive remediation with some evidence on their effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Models of treatment have now been clarified and have led to a landmark paper by cognitive remediation experts around the world on the ingredients of cognitive remediation to produce the most benefit. This expert judgement on good clinical practice was justified by a large meta-analysis that supported the extra benefit of the four ingredients: an active therapist, massed practice of cognitive skills, the teaching of cognitive strategies and additional rehabilitation to transfer skills to real life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although there is evidence of efficacy and of the beneficial therapy ingredients there is little implementation of cognitive remediation, so the establishment of cognitive remediation into mental health services needs an implementation pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"803-809"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Low-Intensity Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulation in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Jooyoung Oh, Jin Sun Ryu, Junhyung Kim, Soojeong Kim, Hyu Seok Jeong, Kyung Ran Kim, Hyun-Chul Kim, Seung-Schik Yoo, Jeong-Ho Seok","doi":"10.30773/pi.2024.0016","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2024.0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has emerged as a promising non-invasive brain stimulation modality with high spatial selectivity and the ability to reach deep brain areas. The present study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of low-intensity tFUS in treating major depressive disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were recruited in an outpatient clinic and randomly assigned to either the verum tFUS or sham stimulation group. The intervention group received six sessions of tFUS stimulation to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex over two weeks. Neuropsychological assessments were conducted before and after the sessions. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) was also performed to evaluate changes in functional connectivity (FC). The primary outcome measure was the change in depressive symptoms, assessed with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The tFUS stimulation sessions were well tolerated without any undesirable side effects. The analysis revealed a significant main effect of session sequence on the MADRS scores and significant interactions between the session sequences and groups. The rsfMRI analysis showed a higher FC correlation between the right superior part of the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) and several other brain regions in the verum group compared with the sham group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results reveal that tFUS stimulation clinically improved MADRS scores with network-level modulation of a sgACC subregion. This randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial, the first study of its kind, demonstrated the safety and probable efficacy of tFUS stimulation for the treatment of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"885-896"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Relationships Between Antipsychotic Dosage and Voice Characteristics in Relation to Extrapyramidal Symptoms.","authors":"Hyeyoon Kim, Seoyoung Kim, Subin Lee, Kyogu Lee, Euitae Kim","doi":"10.30773/pi.2023.0417","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2023.0417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are common side effects of antipsychotic drugs. Despite the growing interest in exploring objective biomarkers for EPS prevention and the potential use of voice in detecting clinical disorders, no studies have demonstrated the relationships between vocal changes and EPS. Therefore, we aimed to determine the associations between voice changes and antipsychotic dosage, and further investigated whether speech characteristics could be used as predictors of EPS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two patients receiving or expected to receive antipsychotic drugs were recruited. Drug-induced parkinsonism of EPS was evaluated using the Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS). Participants' voice data consisted of 16 neutral sentences and 2 second-long /Ah/utterances. Thirteen voice features were extracted from the obtained voice data. Each voice feature was compared between groups categorized based on SAS total score of below and above \"0.6.\" The associations between antipsychotic dosage and voice characteristics were examined, and vocal trait variations according to the presence of EPS were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant associations were observed between specific vocal characteristics and antipsychotic dosage across both datasets of 1-16 sentences and /Ah/utterances. Notably, Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) exhibited noteworthy variations in response to the presence of EPS. Specifically, among the 13 MFCC coefficients, MFCC1 (t=-4.47, p<0.001), MFCC8 (t=-4.49, p<0.001), and MFCC12 (t=-2.21, p=0.029) showed significant group differences in the overall statistical values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that MFCC may serve as a predictor of detecting drug-induced parkinsonism of EPS. Further research should address potential confounding factors impacting the relationship between MFCC and antipsychotic dosage, possibly improving EPS detection and reducing antipsychotic medication side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"822-831"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbal and Natural Supplements for Improving Sleep: A Literature Review.","authors":"Ji Won Yeom, Chul-Hyun Cho","doi":"10.30773/pi.2024.0121","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2024.0121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Herbal and natural supplements have gained popularity as alternative treatments to insomnia and sleep disorders due to their perceived safety and potential effectiveness. This literature review summarizes the current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of commonly used supplements for sleep, including valerian, hops, kava, German chamomile, cherry, tryptophan, theanine, melatonin, magnesium, and zinc.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted literature review of clinical research on herbal and supplements for sleep reported to date. We summarized key findings and reviewed outcomes related to clinical efficacy and side effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings suggest that certain supplements, particularly valerian, hops, and melatonin, could be effective in improving sleep quality and reducing insomnia symptoms through modulation of neurotransmitter systems and regulation of sleep-wake cycles. However, the strength of the evidence varies with unestablished optimal dosages, formulations, and treatment durations. Although generally considered safe, these supplements are not without risks, such as rare but serious adverse effects associated with kava and potential interactions with prescription medications. The quality and purity of supplements also vary widely due to a lack of strict regulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Healthcare providers should remain informed about the latest research and work closely with patients to develop personalized treatment plans. Herbal and natural supplements may offer promising alternatives or adjunct treatments for insomnia and sleep disorders, but their use should be guided by the best available evidence and individual patient requirements. Larger, well-designed clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of these supplements for clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"810-821"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Sleep Disturbance and Comparison Across Three Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Healthcare Workers.","authors":"Dian-Jeng Li, Joh-Jong Huang, Su-Ting Hsu, Kuan-Ying Hsieh, Guei-Ging Lin, Pei-Jhen Wu, Chin-Lien Liu, Hui-Ching Wu, Frank Huang-Chih Chou","doi":"10.30773/pi.2024.0006","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2024.0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Healthcare workers (HCWs) suffered from a heavy mental health burden during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to explore the differences in sleep disturbance in three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan among HCWs. Moreover, factors associated with sleep disturbances in the third wave were investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study, with three waves of cross-sectional surveys, recruited first-line and second-line HCWs. The level of sleep disturbance and related demographic variables were collected through self-report questionnaires. Differences in sleep disturbance across the three waves were compared with analysis of variance. Factors associated with the level of sleep disturbance were identified using univariate linear regression and further used for multivariate stepwise and bootstrap linear regression to identify the independent predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 711, 560, and 747 HCWs were included in the first, second, and third waves, respectively. For first-line HCWs, sleep disturbance was significantly higher in the third wave than in the first wave. The level of sleep disturbance gradually increased across the three waves for all HCWs. In addition, sleep disturbance was associated with depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, anxiety about COVID-19, vaccine mistrust, and poorer physical and mental health among first-line HCWs. Among second-line HCWs, sleep disturbance was associated with younger age, depression, PTSD symptoms, lower preference for natural immunity, and poorer physical health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study identified an increase in sleep disturbance and several predictors among HCWs. Further investigation is warranted to extend the application and generalizability of the current study.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"838-849"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Deep Learning Techniques as an Attempt to Create the Most Cost-Effective Screening Tool for Cognitive Decline.","authors":"Hye-Geum Kim, Wan-Seok Seo, Bon-Hoon Koo, Eun-Jin Cheon, Seokho Yun, Sohye Jo, Byoungyoung Gu","doi":"10.30773/pi.2024.0157","DOIUrl":"10.30773/pi.2024.0157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to use deep learning (DL) to develop a cost-effective and accessible screening tool to improve the detection of cognitive decline, a precursor of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study integrating a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests adjusted for individual demographic variables such as age, sex, and education level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2,863 subjects with subjective cognitive complaints who underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment were included. A random forest classifier was used to discern the most predictive test combinations to distinguish between dementia and nondementia cases. The model was trained and validated on this dataset, focusing on feature importance to determine the cognitive tests that were most indicative of decline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects had a mean age of 72.68 years and an average education level of 7.62 years. The DL model achieved an accuracy of 82.42% and an area under the curve of 0.816, effectively classifying dementia. Feature importance analysis identified significant tests across cognitive domains: attention was gauged by the Trail Making Test Part B, language by the Boston Naming Test, memory by the Rey Complex Figure Test delayed recall, visuospatial skills by the Rey Complex Figure Test copy score, and frontal function by the Stroop Test Word reading time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed the potential of DL to improve AD diagnostics, suggesting that a wide range of cognitive assessments could yield a more accurate diagnosis than traditional methods. This research establishes a foundation for future broader studies, which could substantiate the approach and further refine the screening tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":21164,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"912-917"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}