2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Statistical Backbone Filtering Techniques in the Air Transportation Network","authors":"A. Yassin, H. Cherifi, H. Seba, O. Togni","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905432","url":null,"abstract":"The dense nature of transportation networks expands the challenge of their visualization and processing. Several statistical backbone extraction techniques are proposed to reduce their size while keeping essential information. Here, we perform a comparative evaluation of seven prominent statistical backbone extraction techniques in the USA weighted air transportation network. One can classify the airports into hubs, spokes, and focus airports based on the business models used by the airlines. We compare the extracted backbones using various performance measures. We consider the number of components, sizes, the fraction of airport type, edge type, and weights preserved by each method. Results show that the Enhanced Configuration Model (ECM) Filter tends to preserve edges between spoke airports uncovering the infrastructure connecting the regional spoke airports. In contrast, the alternative filters (Disparity, Polya Urn, Marginal Likelihood, Noise Corrected, Global Statistical Significance (GLOSS), Locally Adaptive Network Sparsification (LANS)) highlight edges between the hub and spoke, focus and spoke, and spoke and spoke airports revealing more of the hub and spoke foundation used by airlines. Moreover, the Disparity Filter, Marginal Likelihood Filter, and Noise Corrected Filter preserve the highest proportion of weights while Polya Urn Filter and ECM Filter keep the lowest. The GLOSS and LANS Filters maintain a moderate fraction of weights between the two extremes.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124151280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Logic gates based on nonlinear oscillators","authors":"M. Bonnin, F. Bonani, F. Traversa","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905446","url":null,"abstract":"Networks of coupled nonlinear oscillators are among the recently proposed computation structures that can possibly overcome bottlenecks and limitations of current designs. It has been shown that coupled oscillator networks are capable of solving complex combinatorial optimization problems, such as the MAX-CUT problem and the Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem. The goal of this work is to provide a theoretical framework for designing logic gates based on coupled nonlinear oscillators. We show how a simplified model for the network can be derived using the phase reduction technique. The phase deviation equations obtained are then used to design simple networks that achieve the desired phase patterns implementing the corresponding logic gates.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"305 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122637870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual spatial attention shifts decoded from the electroencephalogram enable sending of binary messages","authors":"C. Reichert, S. Dürschmid, C. Sweeney-Reed, H. Hinrichs","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905445","url":null,"abstract":"Electroencephalographic signals reflect a superposition of activity from neural populations both related and unrelated to the brain processes under investigation. Here we show how these complex signals, containing a considerable amount of noise, can be decoded to send binary messages only by covertly directing attention to a visual target stimulus. We used canonical correlation analysis to decompose the characteristic series of event-related potentials that correlated with a given sequence of stimuli comprising the target. Across 13 participants, we were able to correctly decode the responses to more than 90% of dichotomous questions by using our brain–computer interface (BCI). Although the system relies on visual stimuli, it neither depends on eye movements nor on high visual acuity. Therefore, this BCI might be suitable for patients who are unable to communicate due to motoneuron disorders resulting in complete paralysis of all voluntarily-controlled musculature.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124822435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On reducing the topological entropy of linearized nonlinear systems","authors":"G. Chesi","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905453","url":null,"abstract":"The topological entropy plays a key role in control engineering, as it allows to establish the existence of stabilizing feedback controllers in the presence of communications constraints. This paper introduces a class of synthesis problems in nonlinear systems where the target is to determine an operating scenario for reducing the topological entropy associated with the linearization around some equilibrium points of interest over a set of admissible inputs.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121661957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mathematical analysis of the socio-economic impacts of a patent waiver on COVID-19 vaccines","authors":"Matteo Italia, F. D. Rossa, F. Dercole","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905430","url":null,"abstract":"We perform a calibrated mathematical analysis of the potential impacts of a patent waiver on COVID-19 vaccines. In the model, we schematically divide nations into high- and low-income, the latter accounting for 80% of the world population but currently using only 60% of the vaccine production. We show that a significant increase in vaccine production combined with a more equitable distribution—made possible by an intellectual property (IP) waiver—would have stopped the pandemic in 18 months of vaccination and saved more than ten million people, mostly in poor countries, compared with five years of the current scenario in which the virus becomes endemic. We hypothesize the peak rollout capacity shown by high-income countries at the beginning of the vaccination campaign and half of that capacity for low-income ones. We even show that the money saved on vaccines globally in the hypothetical IP-waiver scenario overcomes the actual value of the 5-yr profits of the big pharma in the current situation. This profit loss could be immediately covered (mostly by the expected saving of high-income countries) in exchange for the waiver.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121589543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sevoflurane on cardiovascular activity at maintenance and emergence from anesthesia during surgery","authors":"Yousef Kordi, N. Nicolaou","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905447","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate the effect of sevoflurane, an inhalational anesthetic agent routinely used during surgery, on patients’ cardiovascular activity (Heart Rate – HR, and Perfusion Index – PI) during the maintenance and emergence phases of surgery, as well as identify if there is any significant correlation between HR and PI at either of the two phases of surgery. For the purposes of the study, a publicly available dataset containing patient monitoring data and vital signs recorded during surgery under general anesthesia by the University of Queensland was used. Heart rate (HR) and Perfusion index (PI) were extracted from 11 cases during maintenance and emergence from sevoflurane, and compared using descriptive statistics. Changes in HR between the two states were not significant, but a statistically significant reduction in PI during emergence compared to maintenance was observed. HR and PI were not significantly correlated during either of the surgical phases studied. This preliminary investigation supports further investigation into the use of continuous monitoring of PI values during surgery to reflect the level of the sympathetic nervous system activity and potentially assess the adequacy of anesthesia.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121809741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting fake news using machine learning and reasoning in Description Logics","authors":"Adrian Groza","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905431","url":null,"abstract":"Reasoning in Description Logics (DLs) can detect inconsistencies between trusted knowledge and not trusted sources. The proposed method is exemplified on fake news for Covid19. Machine learning is used to generate DL axioms from positive and negative examples using tools such as DL-Learner. The resulted knowledge graph formalised in DL is merged with the trusted ontologies on Covid-19. Reasoning in DL is then performed with the Racer engine, which is responsible to detect inconsistencies within the ontology. When detecting inconsistencies, a \"red flag\" is raised to signal possible fake news and the corresponding counterspeech is generated.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122251897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Implementation of a Laser Model with Cavity Loss Modulation","authors":"M. Castelluzzo, Matteo Cescato, L. Ricci, R. Meucci, A. Perinelli","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905457","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental evidence of chaos and generalized multistability in a laser model with cavity loss modulation was first found in 1982, and recently revisited in a theoretical framework. Here we propose and investigate an electronic implementation of such laser model. Although a chaotic behavior has not been observed yet, the analysis provides insights in the difficulties of an experimental implementation of the model. These difficulties appear to be mainly due to the laser intensity, indeed a non-negative quantity, being simulated by a voltage, which can take on both positive and negative values.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127806940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attention-based Dependability Prediction for Industrial Wireless Communication Systems","authors":"Danfeng Sun, Yang Yang, Hongping Wu","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905443","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless communication systems are ever-increasing important for industrial applications, supported by organizations such as the German Electro and Digital Industry Association (ZVEI), 5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation (5G ACIA), and 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Industrial wireless communication systems (IWCSs) have high requirements for dependability, where dependability prediction can support to assess and improve the IWCSs. With the fast development of machine learning techniques, several Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) models have been proposed and indicate effectiveness for the dependability prediction task. However, these models ignore the truth that wireless devices are always resource-constrained and relationships between logical links can increase the prediction accuracy. Therefore, we propose the attention-based dependability prediction model which includes a sequence-to-sequence model and attention mechanism. We vary the attention mechanism with several Transformer variants to reduce time complexity and conducted experiments on a realistic measured data set. We compared the execution time and prediction performance of these models. Results indicate that the Sinkhorn-based model can meet the real-time requirement and has the best performance, and the Performer-based model has the lowest execution time, which can be applied for harsh real-time industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130130543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Interneurons in the Presence of a Sodium Channel Mutation","authors":"Paolo Seghetti, M. Pusch, A. D. Garbo","doi":"10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905429","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Familial Hemiplegic Migraine is a genetic migraine which is caused by specific mutations mostly affecting interneurons’ membrane ion transport. The mutations cause an increase in the persistent sodium current, which is thought to be the cause of neuronal hyperexcitability and, consequently, migraine. We investigate the electrophysiological effects of SCN1A mutations on the Nav1.1 ionic channel that are involved in Familial Hemiplegic Migraine of type 3 (FHM3). Moreover, we study the effect of a sodium channel blocker as a therapeutic solution.Methods: We modified a previously published interneuron dynamical model and studied the effect of an increased persistent sodium current. Moreover, we investigated the effect of a sodium channel blocker. The effects of persistent current and channel blocker were represented by 2 parameters in the model. Concerning the model, we classified the bifurcation that causes the onset of the tonic firing when the input current is increased. Moreover, we calculated the states of phase lock for 2 coupled neurons as a function of the input current to the neuron, for both electrical and chemical synapses; when feasible a reduction to second order of accuracy with isostable coordinate reduction was used. Additionally, we calculated the metabolic efficiency and consumption of the neuron while in the firing regime. Every analysis reported above was performed for different values of persistent sodium current and blocker concentration.Results: We observed that, opposing the current clinical hypothesis, the mutation causes a decrease in the firing frequency in the FHM3 neuron model. Moreover, the increase in persistent sodium current causes an increase in the metabolic cost of the firing regime and an increase in ionic currents overlap, which is a marker of inefficiency of the action potential. Moreover, the mutation causes an increase in synchrony for the synaptic coupling of 2 neurons. The channel blocker has an effect opposed to the one of the mutation in a dose dependent way and is able to partially restore the wild type properties of the neuron.Conclusions: Our results suggest that hyperexcitability may not be the only cause for the onset of migraine, but more than one mechanism, including metabolic stress, may be active in causing the migraine phenotype.","PeriodicalId":211056,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116233396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}