Reviews in Clinical Medicine最新文献_第8页

The Relevance of HTLV-1-associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis in Iran: A Review Study 伊朗HTLV-1相关脊髓病/热带痉挛性麻痹相关性的回顾性研究

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.38759.1266

M. Keikha, Mohsen Karbalaei Zadeh Babaki, L. A. Fonseca, J. Casseb

引用次数: 6

Effects of Pre-treatment with Ketamine and Tourniquet Application on the Prevention of the Pain Induced by Propofol Injection: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial 氯胺酮预处理和止血带应用对预防异丙酚注射引起的疼痛的影响:一项随机对照临床试验

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.38045.1256

M. Ranjbar, M. Khezri, M. Rajabian

{"title":"Effects of Pre-treatment with Ketamine and Tourniquet Application on the Prevention of the Pain Induced by Propofol Injection: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"M. Ranjbar, M. Khezri, M. Rajabian","doi":"10.22038/RCM.2019.38045.1256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/RCM.2019.38045.1256","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The pain induced by propofol injection is a common adverse complications caused by propofol, which is ranked seventh among the 33 clinical symptoms of anesthesia. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of pre-treatment with ketamine and tourniquet inflation on the pain induced by propofol injection.Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 120 patients with the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I. The patients were assigned to six groups. In groups one and four, tourniquet was inflated above the angiocatheter. In groups two and five, ketamine was injected 30 seconds before propofol injection with no tourniquet. The patients in groups three and six were injected with propofol alone. To assess the severity of pain, verbal rating scores were used. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20.Results: In total, 74 male and 46 female patients were examined. In terms of pain severity, the lowest level of pain was experienced with the injection of ketamine before propofol with the use of a tourniquet (groups one and four). Based on the injection site, the total pain scores were higher with the injection of propofol into the veins on the dorsum of the hand. In addition, the mean pain score in groups one, two, four, and five was significantly lower compared to groups three and six (P< 0.05)Conclusion: According to the results, use of ketamine, especially with a tourniquet, could alleviate the pain induced by propofol injection.","PeriodicalId":21081,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Clinical Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"45-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45972872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Statins on Gut Microbiota (Microbiome) 他汀类药物对肠道菌群的影响

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.39205.1271

M. Ashrafizadeh, Zahra Ahmadi

引用次数: 21

The Targeting of Autophagy and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mechanisms by Honokiol Therapy 本木酚治疗自噬的靶向性和内质网应激机制

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.39210.1272

Zahra Ahmadi, S. Roomiani, Niloofar Bemani, M. Ashrafizadeh

{"title":"The Targeting of Autophagy and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mechanisms by Honokiol Therapy","authors":"Zahra Ahmadi, S. Roomiani, Niloofar Bemani, M. Ashrafizadeh","doi":"10.22038/RCM.2019.39210.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/RCM.2019.39210.1272","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, special attention has been paid to cell death mechanisms, with the exception of apoptosis. This could be due to the resistance of cells, particularly cancer cells, to apoptosis. Among novel pathways, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have attracted the attention of researchers. A large number of antitumor drugs have been developed based on their modulatory effects on autophagy and ER stress. On the other hand, ER stress could stimulate autophagy and apoptosis, which is indicative of the dual role of this pathway. Therefore, the monitoring of these pathways could contribute to the treatment of pathological conditions. Among the multiple synthetic and natural modulators of autophagy and ER stress, natural agents are used more extensively owing to their few side-effects, valuable biological activities, and cost-efficiency. Honokiol as a lignin extracted from the bark of magnolia tree. This compound has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antitumor effects. The present study aimed to first introduce honokiol, autophagy, and ER stress and assess the modulatory effects of honokiol on the autophagy and ER stress mechanisms so as to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of this natural compound.","PeriodicalId":21081,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Clinical Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"66-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44862263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Acinetobacter spp. Coinfection with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica: A Case Report at a Referral Hospital in Iran 不动杆菌与伊莉莎白菌脑膜炎败血症合并感染:伊朗一家转诊医院一例报告

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.36871.1251

K. S. Rizi, Hadi Farsiani, S. Jamehdar, Mahboubeh Mohammadzadeh

{"title":"Acinetobacter spp. Coinfection with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica: A Case Report at a Referral Hospital in Iran","authors":"K. S. Rizi, Hadi Farsiani, S. Jamehdar, Mahboubeh Mohammadzadeh","doi":"10.22038/RCM.2019.36871.1251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/RCM.2019.36871.1251","url":null,"abstract":"Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is an emerging nosocomial gram-negative, rod-shaped pathogen in patients with underlying diseases. This bacterium is also considered to be a major pathogen in hospitalized patients. Some of the main risk factors for E. meningosepticum infections include immunosuppression (e.g., end-stage hepatic and renal diseases) and prematurity in neonates. Furthermore, E. meningosepticum could cause pneumonia, endocarditis, and bacteremia in adults. The uncommon resistance pattern of this bacterium, as well as its intrinsic resistance to colistin, makes the treatment of the associated infections challenging unless the susceptibility patterns are available. In this article, we have presented the first case of pulmonary coinfection with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter spp. and E. meningoseptica in Iran. A 20-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital with tetralogy of fallot as an underlying disease since childhood. The patient underwent cardiac surgery. On the third postoperative day (POD), the patient developed lung infection and left-lung collapse. Antibiotic therapy was initiated for MDR Acinetobacter spp. obtained from her primary culture of tracheal discharges. When fever persisted in the patient, the secondary culture of her tracheal discharges was observed to be positive for E. meningoseptica. In this case report, no clinical correlations were observed between the E. meningoseptica isolated from respiratory secretions and the primary respiratory infection, suggesting that E. meningoseptica is an indicator of severe underlying diseases rather than an actual pathogen.","PeriodicalId":21081,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Clinical Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"74-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44969463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Various Phenotypic Expressions of the Bicuspid Aortic Valve 二尖主动脉瓣的各种表型表达

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.38999.1268

T. Paterick

引用次数: 0

Comparison of the Conventional and New Techniques of Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion in Postoperative Sore Throat 术后咽喉炎传统与新型喉罩气道插入技术的比较

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.39649.1275

M. G. Fard, M. Akhondi

{"title":"Comparison of the Conventional and New Techniques of Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion in Postoperative Sore Throat","authors":"M. G. Fard, M. Akhondi","doi":"10.22038/RCM.2019.39649.1275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/RCM.2019.39649.1275","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The present study aimed to compare the conventional and new techniques of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion in terms of the rate and severity of postoperative sore throat.Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients referring to Khatam-ol Anbia Hospitalin Mashhad, Iran for phacoemulsification. The patients underwent general anesthesia, and the conventional technique was performed by pushing down the LMA with the dominant hand with the simultaneous support of the index finger of the dominant hand. In addition, the new technique was carried out by conducting the LMA with the dominant hand and simultaneous use of the non-dominant hand to prevent the contact of the cuff with the palate and oropharynx tissues. All the variables were assessed one day after the operation. Results: The rate of postoperative sore throat was 7.5% in the conventional technique and 1.25% in the new technique. Comparison of the rate of postoperative sore throat between the study groups showed a significant difference in this regard (P=0.048). The overall rate of postoperative sore throat one day after the operation was 3.75%, while it was estimated at 3.75% in the conventional technique. However, comparison of the rate of postoperative sore throat between the study groups demonstrated no significant difference in this regard (P=0.077). Conclusion: Considering the higher effectiveness of the new LMA insertion technique compared to the conventional one technique in the prevention of preventing mucosal bleeding and postoperative sore throat, the new this technique is recommended as a can be used as a safe alternative to for the conventional technique. In the new LMA insertion technique, the this method, the rate of postoperative sore throat decreased due to the declined diminished due to reduced pressure on the tissues of the oropharynx tissues.","PeriodicalId":21081,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Clinical Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49248530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medical and Surgical Complications in Three Tertiary Hospitals in the Northeast of Iran: A Multicenter Study 伊朗东北部三所三级医院的内科和外科并发症:一项多中心研究

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.38669.1263

M. Sarbaz, Khalil Kimiafar, Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan, Mohammad Javad Ghasri, Mohammad Reza Navaei Far, Yones Bondar Sahebi, Alireza Omranzadeh

{"title":"Medical and Surgical Complications in Three Tertiary Hospitals in the Northeast of Iran: A Multicenter Study","authors":"M. Sarbaz, Khalil Kimiafar, Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan, Mohammad Javad Ghasri, Mohammad Reza Navaei Far, Yones Bondar Sahebi, Alireza Omranzadeh","doi":"10.22038/RCM.2019.38669.1263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/RCM.2019.38669.1263","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: An adverse event (AE) is defined as an intended condition caused by medical errors or during hospitalization. Evidence in this regard is scarce and outdated. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of medical and surgical AEs in three tertiary hospitals in the northeast of Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all the admitted patients to three trauma-specialized hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences due to AEs (n=1,121) in 2014. Identification of the AEs was accomplished using the International Classification of Diseases 10.Results: The prevalence of AEs was estimated at 1.2%. The mean age of the patients exposed to AEs was 36.5±19.5 years, and 74% of these cases (n=830) were male. The mean length of hospital stay in these patients was 9.8±12.7 days. The majority of the reported AEs (n=1,020; 91%) were caused by surgical and other medical procedures, such as the abnormal reaction of patients, later complication, and not mentioning the misadventure upon the procedure. The mortality rate among the patients was determined to be 2.4%.Conclusion: Although the rate of postoperative complications was relatively low, more strict academic protocols must be exploited in order to prevent AEs, especially in critical periods, such as summer.","PeriodicalId":21081,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Clinical Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"40-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49053828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Surgical Management of Various Types of Maxillary Canine Impaction: A Narrative Review 不同类型上颌牙嵌塞的外科治疗:综述

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.35620.1250

A. Jahanbin, M. Shahabi, Abdolrasoul Rangrazi, Parastoo Namdar, F. Alizadeh

{"title":"Surgical Management of Various Types of Maxillary Canine Impaction: A Narrative Review","authors":"A. Jahanbin, M. Shahabi, Abdolrasoul Rangrazi, Parastoo Namdar, F. Alizadeh","doi":"10.22038/RCM.2019.35620.1250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/RCM.2019.35620.1250","url":null,"abstract":"With the exception of the third molar, maxillary canine impaction is considered to be the most common form of tooth impaction. The position of the permanent maxillary canine at the angle of the mouth is strategically important in preserving the harmony and symmetry of the dental arches. The incidence of maxillary canine impaction in the maxilla is more than twice higher compared to the mandible. Approximately one-thirds of the cases are labially located, and two-thirds are palatally located. Bilateral impaction has been reported in 8% of the patients with canine impaction. The treatment procedure is time-consuming and imposes a significant financial burden on the patient. Impacted maxillary canines could be erupted and guided to an appropriate location in the dental arch with early detection, timely interception, and proper surgical management in order to perform orthodontic treatment. Various surgical and orthodontic techniques could be used to guide impacted canines into the arch. Accurate selection of surgical and orthodontic techniques is essential to the successful alignment of impacted teeth. Management of impacted tooth often requires an interdisciplinary approach. In addition, proper cooperation of the orthodontist, oral surgeon, and periodontist seems crucial in this process. The present study aimed to review the clinical and practical aspects required for the management of maxillary canine impaction based on the location and age of the impaction.","PeriodicalId":21081,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Clinical Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"29-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41890739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peritonitis Due to Rothia dentocariosa in Iran: A Case Report 伊朗牙齿罗氏菌所致腹膜炎1例报告

Reviews in Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.22038/RCM.2019.38535.1261

K. S. Rizi, Hadi Farsiani, K. Ghazvini, M. Youssefi

{"title":"Peritonitis Due to Rothia dentocariosa in Iran: A Case Report","authors":"K. S. Rizi, Hadi Farsiani, K. Ghazvini, M. Youssefi","doi":"10.22038/RCM.2019.38535.1261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/RCM.2019.38535.1261","url":null,"abstract":"Rothia dentocariosa (R. dentocariosa) is a gram-positive bacterium, which is a microorganism that normally resides in the mouth and respiratory tract. R. dentocariosa is known to involve in dental plaques and periodontal diseases. However, it is considered an organism with low pathogenicity and is associated with opportunistic infections. Originally thought not to be pathogenic in humans, R. dentocariosa was first described to cause infections in a 19-year-old female with periappendiceal abscess in 1975. The most prevalent human infections caused by R. dentocariosa include infective endocarditis, bacteremia, endophthalmitis, corneal ulcer, septic arthritis, pneumonia, and peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Three main factors have been reported to increase the risk of the cardiac and extra-cardiac infections caused by R. dentocariosa, including immunocompromised conditions, pre-existing cardiac disorders, and poor oral hygiene. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) may induce peritonitis presumably due to hematogenous spread from gingival or periodontal sources. This case study aimed to describe a former PD patient presenting with peritonitis. Oral hygiene is a basic principle in PD patients for the prevention of peritonitis. It is speculated that our patient might have had an occult oral source of R. dentocariosa.","PeriodicalId":21081,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Clinical Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"37-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45734225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1