Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Early pregnancy loss rate in first-time fresh cycles of low prognosis patients according to the POSEIDON criteria: a single-center data analysis.","authors":"Yilin Jiang, Chenchen Cui, Yan Li, Cuilian Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01384-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-025-01384-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds: </strong>The study was designed to analyze early pregnancy loss rates in first-time fresh embryo transfer cycles in low prognosis patients according to the POSEIDON criteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study, including patients with positive human chorionic gonadotropin after first fresh cycles in the Reproductive Center of Henan Province People's Hospital from June 2018 to February 2023. A total of 2392 cycles were included in this study, which were divided into 4 groups according to the POSEIDON criteria. The general condition, laboratory indexes, and early pregnancy loss rates of patients were compared in each group and the prediction model was constructed in POSEIDON group 4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The early pregnancy loss rate ranked from high to low in order of Group D (32.82%), Group B (23.31%), Group C (15.34%), and Group A (13.68%). After adjusting confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the early pregnancy loss rate was significantly higher in groups B and D than in groups A and C (all P < 0.05). The comparison between Group A and Group C, as well as between Group B and Group D, showed no statistical differences (both P > 0.05). Group D was randomly divided into training and validation cohorts according to 7:3. The prediction model was constructed based on risk factors. The AUC of the training cohort was 0.761(95% CI: 0.680-0.841), and the AUC of the validation cohort was 0.604(95% CI: 0.440-0.767).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients in POSEIDON group 4 have the highest early pregnancy loss rate, followed by group 2, while patients in groups 3 and 1 have the lowest rate in first-time fresh cycles. The prediction model was successfully established which can predict the occurrence of early pregnancy loss in first-time fresh cycles in POSEIDON group 4.</p>","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower pregnancy rate in women with high uterine peristalsis before embryo transfer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Angela Vidal, Valeria Trejos, Janna Pape, Tanya Karrer, Gürkan Yilmaz, Michael von Wolff","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01380-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-025-01380-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Uterine contractions, also known as peristalsis, have been shown to affect fertility. However, despite previous studies, most clinicians have not paid sufficient attention to uterine peristalsis. Recent studies have recognised its importance and evaluated contractility parameters prior to embryo transfer.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL up to January 2024. Inclusion criteria were studies involving patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) or other infertility treatments in which uterine contractility was assessed. Studies were excluded if they included therapeutic interventions that affected contractility, or if they focused on uterine pathologies such as adenomyosis or fibroids. The meta-analysis included trials with IVF treatments that compared clinical pregnancy rates in women with high versus low frequent uterine contractions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2587 women (17 studies) were included in the systematic review, of whom 1134 (43.1%) (5 studies) underwent embryo transfer and were eligible for meta-analysis. The review found that elevated contractility on the day of embryo transfer is associated with a negative impact on pregnancy rates. The meta-analysis showed that women with two or more uterine contractions at the time of the embryo transfer had a significantly lower clinical pregnancy rate than with women with two or fewer contractions (OR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.38- 0.69). There was moderate heterogeneity between studies (I² = 55, p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lower clinical pregnancy rate in women with high uterine contractility, highlights the role of uterine peristalsis around the time of embryo implantation. However, due to the limited and heterogeneous data available, the influence of uterine peristalsis on reproductive outcomes such as live birth rates remains unclear.</p>","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadening the ARMC2 mutational phenotype: linking multiple morphological abnormalities of the Flagella to Pulmonary Manifestations in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.","authors":"Baoyan Wu, Wenhao Zhang, Hui Yu, Lewen Ruan, Kai Wang, Meng Gu, Hao Geng, Jiajun Fang, Chuan Xu, Yuying Sheng, Qing Tan, Qunshan Shen, Zongliu Duan, Huan Wu, Rong Hua, Rui Guo, Zhaolian Wei, Ping Zhou, Yuping Xu, Yunxia Cao, Xiaojin He, Kuokuo Li, Mingrong Lv, Dongdong Tang","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01385-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-025-01385-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe asthenoteratozoospermia, a prevalent cause of male infertility, has increasingly been associated with ARMC2 variants that cause Multiple Morphological Abnormalities of the Sperm Flagella (MMAF). Although ARMC2 is also expressed in other ciliary structures, no studies have yet reported a link between ARMC2 gene variants and other symptoms of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) on Chinese subjects with MMAF to identify potential genetic variants. Sanger sequencing was used to validate the candidate variants. Sperm morphology was assessed using modified hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed to observe the ultrastructural defects of the sperm flagella. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence (IF) of spermatozoa were performed to evaluate variations in structural protein. Additionally, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was applied for assisted fertilization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified two compound heterozygous ARMC2 variants and one homozygous variant (P1: c.1030_1042del, p.T344fs/c.1331G > A, p.R444H; P2:c.1264C > T, p.R422X) in two unrelated individuals. Notably, in addition to MMAF, individual P2 exhibited classic symptoms of PCD in the lungs, including recurrent airway infections, bronchitis, and rhinosinusitis. Morphological and ultrastructural analyses of the spermatozoa obtained from the two individuals revealed dramatic disorganization in axonemal and peri-axonemal structures, as well as the absence of the axonemal central pair complex (CPC). Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence assays revealed the reduced expression of ARMC2 and the abnormality of various axonal structural proteins. Further assisted reproduction outcomes showed that one of the individuals conceived successfully after Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, this study significantly expanded the mutational phenotype of ARMC2, marking the first discovery of PCD-related pulmonary phenotypes outside of the reproductive system. This work establishes the association between ARMC2 and typical PCD and lays the groundwork for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms of ARMC2 in both flagellogenesis and ciliogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel senotherapeutic strategy with azithromycin for preventing endometriosis progression.","authors":"Reina Sonehara, Tomoko Nakamura, Takehiko Takeda, Satoshi Kaseki, Tomomi Seki, Hideaki Tanaka, Atsushi Yabuki, Natsuki Miyake, Ayako Muraoka, Satoko Osuka, Akira Iwase, Hiroaki Kajiyama","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01381-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12958-025-01381-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease, however the mechanisms underlying inflammation remain unclear. Non-hormonal drugs that can prevent endometriosis progression and resolve endometriotic infertility are urgently required. We thus focused on cellular senescence as a novel feature of endometriosis. Senescent cells cause chronic inflammation via the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factor. It has been reported the effects of senolysis for various diseases in recent years. The aim of this study was to validate the involvement of cellular senescence in endometriosis and as the effects of senolytic drug to develop a novel non-hormonal therapeutic strategy for endometriosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The senescence markers were assessed by morphological features and semiquantitative immunofluorescence staining (senescence-associated b-galactosidase [SA-b-Gal], the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 A locus [p16^INK4a], and laminB1) to compare among cell types (normal endometrial stromal cells [nESCs], endometrial stromal cells with endometriosis [eESCs], and ovarian endometriosis [OE] cyst-derived stromal cells [CSCs]). Expression of SASP markers was examined in cell culture supernatants using a cytokine array. In addition, the effects of senolytic drugs (azithromycin [AZM] and navitoclax [ABT263]) on endometriosis were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo study used the endometriosis mice model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CSCs exhibited stronger senescence markers. Semi-quantitative SA-β-Gal and p16^INK4a staining intensities were significantly increased, and that of LaminB1 was decreased in CSCs compared to those in nESCs and eESCs (SA-b-Gal, P < 0.001; p16^INK4a, P < 0.05; LaminB1, P < 0.05). Cytokine array analysis revealed elevated SASP-related cytokine levels, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), in CSC supernatants compared to those in nESCs. AZM and ABT263 reduced the viable fraction in CSCs (AZM: P < 0.001, ABT263: P < 0.01). Furthermore, AZM suppressed IL-6 expression in CSC culture supernatants (P < 0.05). In murine model, AZM administration reduced endometriotic lesion volume compared to that in vehicle (P < 0.05). Proliferative activity, IL-6 expression levels, and fibrosis within endometriotic lesions also decreased (Ki67, P < 0.01; IL-6, P < 0.001; fibrosis, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings show that cellular senescence is involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and that AZM may be useful for preventing endometriosis progression by suppressing the secretion of IL-6 as a SASP.</p>","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of outcomes between pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone and combined gonadotropin therapy of spermatogenesis in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.","authors":"Yi Zheng, Heng-Zhou Bai, Gui-Cheng Zhao, Kun Tian, Jun-Tao Yue, Ding-Ming Li, Xiao-Hui Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01370-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12958-025-01370-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate whether there was a difference in outcome between pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) therapy and human chorionic gonadotropin/human menopausal gonadotropin (hCG/HMG) therapy for induction of spermatogenesis in post-pubertal male patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted at the Andrology Center of a university hospital. A total of 155 postpubertal CHH patients who met the inclusion criteria underwent spermatogenic induction at the same andrology center. All patients used pulsatile GnRH therapy or hCG/HMG therapy for at least 6 months. The effects of spermatogenic induction therapy and testicular growth were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify statistically significant factors which could predict the outcome of treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference in the efficiency of successfully inducing spermatogenesis between pulsatile GnRH therapy and hCG/HMG therapy (82.1% vs. 75.8%, P: 0.356), nor was there a difference in sperm concentration category (SCC) (P: 0.284). However, the mean time required for pulsatile GnRH therapy was shorter (12.34 vs. 14.74 months, P: 0.038). At the treatment endpoint, total testicular volume (TTV) was greater with pulsatile GnRH therapy compared with hCG/HMG therapy (15 vs. 12 ml, P: 0.010), and there was still no difference in SCC (P: 0.310). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only baseline TTV was statistically significant predictor of induced spermatogenic success (odds ratio, OR: 1.156, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.013, 1.319). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.635, a sensitivity of 0.661, and a specificity of 0.588. In addition, multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that younger age at treatment initiation and higher baseline TTV were significantly associated with increased sperm concentration at the end of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pulsatile GnRH therapy was similar to hCG/HMG therapy in inducing spermatogenesis in post-pubertal CHH patients, but it took less time and was more beneficial to testicular development. Larger baseline TTV may mean a better spermatogenic outcome. It was necessary for patients to have more information about spermatogenesis therapy in order to make reasonable medical decisions.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration number: </strong>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. ChiCTR2400086876. Retrospectively registered on July 5, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum anti-mullerian hormone levels and age among Samoan women.","authors":"Grace O'Brien, Geralyn Lambert-Messerlian, Nicola L Hawley, Ulai T Fidow, Take Naseri, Muagututi'a Sefuiva Reupena, Erin E Kershaw, Marinelle B Azar, Martha M Pangburn, Stephen T McGarvey","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01379-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12958-025-01379-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum AMH levels in adult women are part of the diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition with marked infertility and metabolic risks. Yet, little is known about AMH levels among women from ethnic minority populations, especially its associations with age and obesity. The objective is to describe the association of age and serum anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) among Samoan women, provide age specific AMH reference levels, and examine the associations of AMH with adiposity and reproductive factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, retrospective study of a representative community-based sample from Samoa was conducted. 670 women with no known reproductive disorders, reproductive surgeries, or hormonal contraceptive use, age 25-51 years, were included. Adiposity was assessed by body mass index (BMI) using Polynesian-specific criteria for obesity. Serum AMH was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum total testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin were measured, and the free androgen index was calculated. Hormonal contraceptive use, menstrual regularity, and tobacco use were assessed by questionnaire. PCOS prevalence was estimated using current guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite a high prevalence of obesity and overweight in Samoan women, serum AMH and its age related decline were similar to those reported in other populations. AMH was negatively associated with age. AMH decline with age in Samoan women is best described by a cubic model. AMH was not associated with BMI or insulin resistance. PCOS prevalence was estimated at 3.4-5.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study was the first to construct an age specific AMH reference range for Samoan women. PCOS prevalence appears low, supporting other published studies that have demonstrated a complex relationship between adiposity and reproductive health in Samoan women.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FOXL2 drives the differentiation of supporting gonadal cells in early ovarian development.","authors":"Laura Danti, Karolina Lundin, Petra Nedeczey-Ruzsák, Timo Tuuri, Juha S Tapanainen","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01377-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12958-025-01377-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) is a transcription factor from the forkhead box family primarily expressed in the pituitary, ovaries, and eyelids. Human mutations in FOXL2 cause blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus and inversus syndrome (BPES), which can be associated with primary ovarian insufficiency, and is indirectly linked with differences of sex development (DSD). Animal studies have shown the crucial role that FOXL2 plays in the development, function, and maintenance of the ovary as well as in sex determination. However, the specific role of FOXL2 in early human somatic cell ovarian development is largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we utilised CRISPR/Cas9 genome activation and a previously published in-house 14-day gonadal differentiation protocol to study the role of FOXL2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrate that FOXL2 downregulates coelomic epithelial markers GATA4 and LHX9, female gonadal markers RSPO1 and WNT4, and male gonadal markers SOX9, NR0B1 and DHH. The differentially expressed genes were mostly associated with Kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways relating to cell adhesion molecules and gene ontology (GO) pathways relating to extracellular matrix and junction formation. Furthermore, a comparative analysis with existing single cell RNA sequencing data from human in vivo-derived samples elucidated that FOXL2 initiates the downregulation of coelomic epithelial genes GATA4, LHX9 and UPK3B at day 6. By day 8, the genes ARX and GATA2 are transiently upregulated by FOXL2 induction and then downregulated as the genes LGR5, TSPAN8, OSR1 and TAC1 become upregulated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that FOXL2 facilitates the exit of differentiating cells from the coelomic epithelium and initially drives them towards a transitional identity before progressing into early supporting gonadal-like cells. The findings of this study significantly advance our understanding of normal gonadal development which can be used as a basis to elucidate pathological gonadal development underlying BPES.</p>","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11917015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Melatonin levels and embryo quality in IVF patients with diminished ovarian reserve: a comparative study.","authors":"Yingying Wang, Shangjie Liu, Feifei Gan, Dan Xiong, Xiuming Zhang, Zhou Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01382-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12958-025-01382-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of LHCGR rs2293275 genotype with ovarian aging in Chinese women: a multicenter population-based study.","authors":"Wenqing Ma, Shuangmei Ye, Lifeng Tian, Min Liu, Rui Wang, Xuezhou Yang, Man Wang, Fangfang Fu, Wu Ren, Lei Dang, Tian Wang, Wenwen Wang, Shixuan Wang, Yan Sun, Yan Li","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01375-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12958-025-01375-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the association between the LHCGR rs2293275 (N312S) genotype and ovarian aging phenotypes in Han Chinese women, focusing on diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and primary ovarian insufficiency (POI).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This multicenter population-based study included 1,240 women aged 18-40 years diagnosed with DOR (n = 711) or POI (n = 529), alongside 72,846 ethnically and regionally matched controls from the Han Chinese Genomes Database (PGG.Han). Genotyping of rs2293275 was performed, and clinical data (menstrual history, hormonal profiles, maternal menopause age, and ART outcomes) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>The AA genotype frequency in the ovarian aging cohort (1.85%) was significantly higher than in the general Han population (0.62%, OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.99-4.64, p < 0.001). AA carriers exhibited earlier POI diagnosis (25.5 ± 6.4 vs. 32.0 ± 5.1 years in GG carriers, p < 0.001) and maternal menopause (41.6 ± 3.3 vs. 47.8 ± 4.1 years, p < 0.001). In controlled ovarian stimulation cycles, AA carriers demonstrated reduced ovarian sensitivity (OSI: 3.59 vs. 1.21 in GG, p = 0.019) despite comparable gonadotropin doses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The LHCGR rs2293275 AA genotype is strongly associated with accelerated ovarian aging in Han Chinese women, highlighting its potential as a biomarker for early identification of high-risk individuals. While these findings underscore genetic contributions to ovarian dysfunction, further mechanistic studies are needed to establish causality and optimize clinical translation.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05665010, registered on 2022-11-30.</p>","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential benefits of growth hormone co-treatment on embryo quality in IVF: a randomized controlled open-label trial.","authors":"Yi Tang, Xiaofeng Li, Change Hu, Ruyi Guan, Zhimin Wang, Shunji Zhang, Guoping Tao, Jingfei Qu, Fei Gong","doi":"10.1186/s12958-025-01374-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12958-025-01374-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research question: </strong>While growth hormone (GH) is hypothesized to potentially enhance embryo quality, results of current basic and clinical researches remain inconclusive. This study assesses the effect of GH supplementation on embryo quality and explores the relationship between baseline insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels and the efficacy of GH supplementation among Chinese patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A randomized controlled Open-label trial was performed with 128 women experiencing poor embryonic development in IVF. Participants were allocated to the GH group (GH + Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone [GnRH] antagonist protocol) and the Control group (GnRH antagonist protocol). The primary outcome was the number of high-quality embryos on Day 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the GH group required significantly lower total doses of gonadotropin (2213 ± 667 IU vs. 2573 ± 630 IU, p = 0.0058) and shorter duration of controlled ovarian stimulation (10.1 ± 1.60 days vs. 10.6 ± 1.30 days, p = 0.0488). While there was no statistically significant overall increase in the number of high-quality embryos, subgroup analysis indicated that patients with lower baseline IGF-1 levels, especially those below the lowest quartile, might show a higher rate of high-quality embryos with GH supplementation (p = 0.0488). Additionally, the fresh embryo transfer clinical pregnancy rate was numerically higher in the GH supplementation group (46.2%) compared to the control group (38.5%), although not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that GH co-treatment may enhance ovarian responsiveness in IVF patients with poor embryo quality, thereby reducing the dosage and duration of Gonadotropin (Gn) administration. Among individuals with lower IGF-1 levels, adding GH may improve the rate of high-quality embryos, highlighting the potential benefits of personalized treatment strategies in IVF.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03966339 (Registration time: 2019-05-24).</p>","PeriodicalId":21011,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology","volume":"23 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}