Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo最新文献_第6页

The possibilities of using physiological efficiency of nitrogen in wheat breeding in terms of ecological agriculture 从生态农业的角度探讨氮素生理效率在小麦育种中的应用可能性

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ratpov56-21778

O. Nikolić, M. Pavlovic

{"title":"The possibilities of using physiological efficiency of nitrogen in wheat breeding in terms of ecological agriculture","authors":"O. Nikolić, M. Pavlovic","doi":"10.5937/ratpov56-21778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov56-21778","url":null,"abstract":"Inadequate amounts of fertilizers, especially nitrogen, have negative effects on ecosystems and food safety. On the other side, fertilizing, with an improvement in cropping systems, mainly in developed countries, has provided a food supply sufficient for both animal and human consumption. Therefore, with the increasing world population, the main task for the following decades is to develop highly productive agriculture, whilst at the same time preserving the quality of the environment. A multidisciplinary approach to winter wheat breeding and the inclusion of physiological indicators of nitrogen nutrition efficiency in this process could be helpful in reaching this goal. This study deals with the physiological efficiency of nitrogen as one of the physiological indicators, its relation with grain yield, heritability and variance and evaluation of Serbian winter wheat genotypes according to this indicator. The highest values of the physiological efficiency of nitrogen were registered at KG 165/2 and Lazarica. These genotypes, selected as superior in terms of this indicator, could be considered as desirable in wheat breeding theory, for improvement of production efficiency, environmental protection and development of ecological agriculture. However, further investigations of other physiological parameters, their correlations and correlations with yield and grain quality of wheat are necessary to define breeding programs and to obtain reliable results in this area.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71044443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bankassurance as financial instrument in agricultural risk management 银行保险在农业风险管理中的金融工具作用

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/RATPOV56-19806

T. Marković, Željko Kokot

{"title":"Bankassurance as financial instrument in agricultural risk management","authors":"T. Marković, Željko Kokot","doi":"10.5937/RATPOV56-19806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/RATPOV56-19806","url":null,"abstract":"One of the very important problems in the agricultural production that existed for a long time is the risk from some weather adversity (hail, frost, flood, drought, storm, etc.), that is responsible for catastrophic consequences. On the other side, agricultural production is a specific area of business that is also strongly influenced by market, financial and institutional factors. These are all the dangers that do not depend on the will of man and his work, therefore it is necessary for farmers to recognize and predict the risks. There are different economic tools, which could be used to reduce the consequences from possible losses and bankassurance presents one of new products of risk management. It arises from the fact that there is need in agricultural production, through the provision of financial resources for the start of some production, also to provide simultaneously insurance against potential risks. Bankassurance is a financial instrument that integrates banking and insurance offer in the common financial market, and for farmers, this product is a combination of loans and insurance that can stabilize its revenues, but also to secure invested capital in the production. This paper presents the characteristics and advantages of bankassurance, i.e. the assignments of all three primary participants in this activity — the farmer, the bank and the insurance company. On the other side, a practical example of using bankassurance in agriculture is given and the specific advantages for farmers that are primarily connected with more favorable price of this new product are pointed out (simultaneously protects from several sources of risk - financial, production and market), but there is also additional security through the agricultural insurance.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71043962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Leaf rust resistance genes identification in the spring bread wheat breeding material of the Agricultural Research Institute for South-East Regions of Russia 俄罗斯东南地区农业研究所春小麦育种材料中抗叶锈病基因的鉴定

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/RATPOV56-20733

E. Gultyaeva, S. Sibikeev, A. Druzhin, E. Shaydayuk

{"title":"Leaf rust resistance genes identification in the spring bread wheat breeding material of the Agricultural Research Institute for South-East Regions of Russia","authors":"E. Gultyaeva, S. Sibikeev, A. Druzhin, E. Shaydayuk","doi":"10.5937/RATPOV56-20733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/RATPOV56-20733","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is a common bread wheat disease in the Volga Region of Russia and breeding for this disease resistance is a priority for the Agricultural Research Institute for South-East Regions wheat program. Knowledge of the effective resistance genes present in the germplasm is relevant when selecting for effective and more durable resistance. P. triticina races with virulence to Lr9, Lr19, Lr26 and with other different virulence combinations and molecular markers of L r genes were used to determine which seedling resistance genes might be present in the 68 bread wheat lines and cultivars. Studies have shown that the effective protection against leaf rust widespread in the Volga Region spring bread wheat cultivars is controlled by Lr6Ag and Lr6Agi+Lr19 genes. In addition, cultivars carry Lr10, Lr19, Lr10+Lr26 genes. It was found that in the studied set of lines the leaf rust resistance is determined by the following Lr-genes and its combinations: 9, 10, 19, 26, 34, 37, 41, Satu, 6Ag. Moreover, usage frequency of Lr19 is 89.5%, Lr10 -40.4%, Lr26 -31.6%, Lr6Ag -21%, Lr28 -3.5%, Lr41 -3.5%, Lr9 - 1.8%, Lr34 -1.8%, Lr37 -1.8%, LrSatu -1.8%. The frequency of two L r-genes combinations is 45.7%, three - 21% and four Lr-genes - 5.3%. Mainly are used such Lr-genes combinations as: Lr19+Lr26 and Lr10+Lr19+Lr26 - 22.8%; Lr19+Lr6Ag -7%. The four Lr-genes combinations has been included Lr10+Lr26+Lr28?+Lr6Ag -1.8%, Lr1+Lr10+Lr26+Lr6Ag -1.8% and Lr10+Lr19+Lr28?+Lr6Ag -1.8%. In addition, the effective Lr19 with nonidentified Lr-genes from cultivar Saratovskaya 57 (L164) and a. elongatum (CI-7-57) combinations has been identified.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71044222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Microbial abundance and activity in chernozem under different cropping systems 不同种植制度下黑钙土微生物丰度及活性

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/RATPOV55-15413

J. Marinković, D. Bjelić, S. Šeremešić, B. Tintor, Jordana Ninkov, M. Zivanov, J. Vasin

引用次数: 2

Tomato transplants grown on mixtures suitable for organic production 番茄移栽栽在适合有机生产的混合物上

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/RATPOV55-15633

M. Ugrinović, Z. Girek, M. Brdar-Jokanović, Slađan Adžić, S. Pavlović, J. Damnjanovic, B. Zečević

引用次数: 1

Diversity and flight activity of aphid species as potential vectors of oilseed pumpkin viruses in Serbia 塞尔维亚油籽南瓜病毒潜在媒介蚜虫的多样性和飞行活性

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/RATPOV55-16608

A. Vučurović, O. Petrović-Obradović, Anđa Radonjić, D. Nikolić, K. Zečević, I. Stanković, B. Krstic

{"title":"Diversity and flight activity of aphid species as potential vectors of oilseed pumpkin viruses in Serbia","authors":"A. Vučurović, O. Petrović-Obradović, Anđa Radonjić, D. Nikolić, K. Zečević, I. Stanković, B. Krstic","doi":"10.5937/RATPOV55-16608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/RATPOV55-16608","url":null,"abstract":"The fauna of aphids appearing on cucurbits, including oilseed pumpkin have been poorly investigated in Serbia. Yellow water traps were used to determine the diversity of aphid species visiting cucurbits in Serbia and to monitor their flight activity. During the years 2009 to 2011, a total of 1,447 specimens were collected and a total of 57 different aphid taxa were identified. In 2009, the highest total number of aphids were caught (755), followed by 203 and 489 aphids in 2010 and 2011, respectively. The most abundant species were Aphis fabae (15%), Myizus persicae (13.4%) and Acyrthosiphonpisum (11.7%), followed by Anoecia corni (6.4%) and Aphis gossypii (5.6%). All of them, except A. corni, are reported as efficient vectors of cucurbit viruses. These five species represent 52.1% of all aphid species collected within this study. Out of 57 taxa found in oilseed pumpkin crops, 17 are known as vectors of ZYMV, 18 of WMV and 15 of CMV. Generally, 25 out of a total of 57 taxa are known as vectors of at least one of three viruses present in Serbia. From total of 1,447 specimens collected during three years of investigation, 917 (63.4%) are vectors of at least one of three viruses. Individual oilseed pumpkin plants were frequently colonized by A. gossypii during all three years of investigation. Results of this study showed that Serbian oilseed pumpkin growing localities are grouped among medium to reach in aphidofauna, according to total Shannon-Weaver index values which varied from 1.8 to 2.8. The highest value of Shannon-Weaver (2.8) was recorded in the Backi Petrovac I locality in 2009, while the lowest Shannon-Weaver (1.8) was recorded in Kisac locality in 2010. The maximum values of Shannon-Weaver diversity index in almost all crops were recorded in the second week of investigation or in early stages of oilseed pumpkin growth when plants had 5-6 true leaves or were in flowering stage, when potential virus infection could lead to significant yield losses.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71043920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Molecular diversity and microsatellite polymorphism of modern maize hybrids 现代玉米杂交种的分子多样性和微卫星多态性

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/RATPOV55-17535

S. Mikić, L. Brbaklić, D. Stanisavljevic, A. Kondić-Špika, G. Bekavac, B. Mitrović, D. Trkulja, M. Mirosavljević

引用次数: 0

Benzoxazinoids - protective secondary metabolites in cereals: Biochemistry and genetic control 苯并恶嗪类-谷物中保护性次生代谢物:生物化学和遗传控制

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/RATPOV55-12210

S. Mikić, Shakoor Ahmad

引用次数: 3

Dry matter accumulation of winter wheat and barley at different sowing dates 冬小麦、大麦不同播期干物质积累特征

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/RATPOV55-16706

M. Mirosavljević, V. Momčilović, N. Pržulj, I. Maksimović, M. Putnik-Delić

{"title":"Dry matter accumulation of winter wheat and barley at different sowing dates","authors":"M. Mirosavljević, V. Momčilović, N. Pržulj, I. Maksimović, M. Putnik-Delić","doi":"10.5937/RATPOV55-16706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/RATPOV55-16706","url":null,"abstract":"Dry matter accumulation is one of the best estimates for crop reaction to the effect of genotype or environmental factors. However, there is a lack of information about comparative crop growth between wheat and barley under conditions of the Pannonian climate. The objectives of this work were to study and compare the patterns of biomass accumulation in wheat and barley, and identify the role of the logistic curve parameters in the determination of the final biomass. Therefore, field trials with two two-row winter barley and two winter wheat cultivars were carried out in two successive growing seasons with four sowing dates. Results from our study showed that grain yield and crop biomass were under significant influence of cultivar and sowing date in both growing seasons. The highest grain yield and crop biomass at maturity were obtained with early sowing - first and second sowing date. There was a significant positive relationship between the crop biomass and grain yield in both species. Barley and wheat had similar strategies for biomass determination. Crop biomass at maturity was positively associated with the duration of growing phases, while the relationship with weighted mean absolute growth rate was negative. Early sowing enables prolongation in duration of different phases of crop biomass accumulation, leading to significant biomass and grain yield increase.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71043861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Selection and heritability of F2 sweet pepper offspring from the cross Amfora x Piquillo de Lodosa Amfora与Piquillo de Lodosa杂交F2甜椒后代的选择和遗传力

Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/RATPOV55-16267

D. Danojević, S. Medić-Pap, J. Červenski

{"title":"Selection and heritability of F2 sweet pepper offspring from the cross Amfora x Piquillo de Lodosa","authors":"D. Danojević, S. Medić-Pap, J. Červenski","doi":"10.5937/RATPOV55-16267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/RATPOV55-16267","url":null,"abstract":"Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) have a very diverse use in Serbia. Preparing ajvar (pepper spread) is the most common way in Serbia to preserve pepper for wintertime. Besides larger fruits, high total soluble solids in red pepper fruits are very important for better ajvar. The goal of our breeding program is to develop new pepper cultivars with high fruit weight and high total soluble solids. For this purpose, we crossed Amfora (kapia variety from the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia) and Piquillo de Lodosa (a small conical variety from Spain) in 2014. From this crossing, 180 F2 plants were transplanted into open field in 2016. The fruits were evaluated for seven quantitative traits: weight, length, diameter, index, locule number, pericarp thickness and total soluble solids (Brix). The principal component analysis was used to identify the most significant traits. The mean values were compared with the Dunnett test. Relationships between traits were calculated by Pearson correlation coefficients. Fruits from F2 plants were ranged between parents mainly. Fruit weight was positively correlated with fruit length, fruit diameter and pericarp thickness, but negatively with total soluble solids. Low heritability for total soluble solids and a negative correlation between total soluble solids and fruit weight makes it difficult to improve both important traits in one variety. The task in the future breeding process is to find crossing combination in pepper which will harmonize these two important fruit traits.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71043733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1