Huiruo Liu, Liangshan Wang, Hongfu Fu, Hong Wang, Xing Hao, Zhongtao Du, Chenglong Li, Xiaotong Hou
{"title":"Concomitant Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Throughout Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Meta-Analysis of Cohorts.","authors":"Huiruo Liu, Liangshan Wang, Hongfu Fu, Hong Wang, Xing Hao, Zhongtao Du, Chenglong Li, Xiaotong Hou","doi":"10.31083/RCM45096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM45096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inconsistent reports exist regarding the efficacy of using a concomitant intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) among cardiac arrest (CA) patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). Thus, this review was conducted to summarize the prognoses of adult ECPR patients with concurrent IABP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were gathered from PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Cohorts of adult patients receiving ECPR with or without IABP, reporting short-term mortality, neurological outcomes, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) weaning rates, were recruited. Characteristics of the study population and the above-mentioned outcomes were extracted. A random-effects model was used to pool the data. Subgroup analyses were conducted in the propensity score-matching (PSM) population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine cohorts with 5260 adult ECPR patients were included. In-hospital/30-day mortality, neurological performances of survivors, and ECMO weaning outcomes were not significantly different between populations with and without IABP. Nevertheless, younger patients with IABP showed an apparent improvement in in-hospital/30-day mortality. Similar findings were demonstrated in the analyses of PSM cohorts. High heterogeneity was present in the total cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In ECPR populations, concomitant IABP did not influence short-term survival, neurological, or ECMO weaning outcomes in the total cohort. However, IABP exhibited a survival benefit in the younger ECPR population. Further research in specific populations is warranted to validate and endorse our aggregated data.</p><p><strong>The prospero registration: </strong>CRD42024528761, Registration Link: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024528761.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"27 3","pages":"45096"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association Between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Mortality Risk Among Patients With Hyperlipidemia Across Different Glycemic Status: A Longitudinal Cohort Study From NHANES 1999-2018.","authors":"Qingzhi Zhou, Yan Chen, Haonan Ju, Xin Zhao","doi":"10.31083/RCM46797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM46797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been linked as a marker of systemic inflammation to adverse outcomes in various metabolic diseases. However, the association of the NLR with mortality risk among patients with hyperlipidemia remains inconclusive. Thus, this research aimed to investigate whether the NLR is associated with mortality risk among individuals with hyperlipidemia and to examine how glycemic status influences this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Weighted Cox regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and subgroup analyses were employed to evaluate the association between the NLR and mortality risk in patients with hyperlipidemia. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to assess the predictive accuracy for mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Model 3, individuals in the highest NLR quartile had a 40% higher risk of all-cause mortality (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19-1.65; <i>p</i> for trend <0.001) and an 86% higher risk of cardiovascular mortality (95% CI: 1.28-2.68; <i>p</i> for trend <0.001) compared with those in the lowest quartile. Time-dependent ROC analysis confirmed the superior performance of the NLR in predicting cardiovascular mortality risk. A significant interaction between the NLR and diabetes mellitus (DM) was observed for both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the subgroup analyses. Given this finding, we further examined the association between the NLR and mortality, stratified by glycemic status. The results indicated that the association between the NLR and mortality was stronger among individuals with DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An elevated NLR is closely associated with an increased risk of mortality among individuals with hyperlipidemia, and the presence of DM significantly strengthens this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"27 3","pages":"46797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shared Binding Properties Between a Therapeutic Antibody and Anti-Transthyretin Antibodies From Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis Patients: Translational Implications for Future Clinical Trials.","authors":"Jacob George, Clara Benaim, Michael Fassler","doi":"10.31083/RCM48514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM48514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) results from the extracellular deposition of misfolded transthyretin (mis-TTR) and promotes progressive cardiac dysfunction. Current therapies, such as stabilizers and silencers, reduce further fibril accumulation but fail to clear existing deposits. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting mis-TTR have emerged as promising disease-modifying agents, supported by recent observations of circulating anti-TTR antibodies in patients who exhibited spontaneous clinical improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to purify natural anti-TTR antibodies from two ATTR-CA patients and compare the respective binding properties to those of a previously described therapeutic anti-TTR mAb fragment (Ab-A F(ab')<sub>2</sub>). Statistical significance was determined using Student's <i>t</i>-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both natural antibodies and the Ab-A F(ab')<sub>2</sub> demonstrated high-affinity binding to misfolded TTR (n = 3), while the competition assays revealed dose-dependent inhibition, indicating shared epitope recognition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide translational evidence that therapeutic anti-TTR mAbs may mimic naturally protective antibodies, suggesting that these antibodies could promote amyloid clearance and deliver true disease-modifying benefits in ATTR-CA.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"27 3","pages":"48514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yipeng Gao, Nan Qi, Hao Gao, Youbin Deng, Yani Liu
{"title":"Advances in Non-Invasive Myocardial Stiffness Assessment and Clinical Applications in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Yipeng Gao, Nan Qi, Hao Gao, Youbin Deng, Yani Liu","doi":"10.31083/RCM47459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM47459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myocardial stiffness is a central determinant of diastolic dysfunction and clinical outcomes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; however, a non-invasive evaluation of myocardial stiffness remains challenging. Emerging techniques, such as elastography, offer direct, non-invasive quantification of myocardial stiffness, providing critical insights beyond conventional indirect surrogates. This review summarizes the principles, validation, and clinical evidence for current non-invasive techniques for assessing myocardial stiffness. We further discuss the clinical applications of these techniques in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, including diagnostic refinement, fibrosis detection, risk stratification, and treatment monitoring, as well as the challenges and future directions required for broader clinical translation. Ultimately, the non-invasive assessment of myocardial stiffness holds promise for transforming patient management to phenotyping and therapeutic decision-making through a more precise, mechanism-based approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"27 3","pages":"47459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale is Associated With Improvement of Migraine.","authors":"Xiao-Ming Ge, Kang-Ning Han, Fei Gao, Zhi-Jian Wang, Yu-Jie Zhou","doi":"10.31083/RCM44499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM44499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is the most common congenital heart defect and has been linked to migraines; however, the relationship between PFO and migraine remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate whether percutaneous PFO closure alleviates migraines and explore the association between PFO and migraine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 5581 inpatients with PFO were collected between 2015 and 2020. A total of 71 stroke-free adults with PFO (45 with closure and 26 without) were included. Self-reported migraine history, frequency, and severity (0-10) were assessed. Outcomes were compared between patients with and without PFO closure, and logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between PFO closure and migraine improvement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PFO closure significantly reduced migraine frequency and severity, with greater improvements observed after 2 years (<i>p</i> <i><</i> 0.001). Logistic regression showed that PFO closure was associated with a higher likelihood of migraine improvement than non-closure (odds ratio (OR): 5.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.76-17.68; <i>p</i> = 0.004). This association persisted after adjusting for multiple risk factors (<i>p</i> = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Percutaneous PFO closure significantly improved migraines by reducing both frequency and severity, supporting a potential association between PFO and migraine.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"27 3","pages":"44499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhi-Yuan Wu, Yang Yang, Zhao-Long Li, Wen-Xin Zhao, Zuo-Guan Chen, Yong-Peng Diao, Yong-Jun Li
{"title":"Effects of Fluoroquinolones on Aortic Aneurysm or Dissection Processes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Zhi-Yuan Wu, Yang Yang, Zhao-Long Li, Wen-Xin Zhao, Zuo-Guan Chen, Yong-Peng Diao, Yong-Jun Li","doi":"10.31083/RCM43656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM43656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This systematic review/meta-analysis investigated the risks of fluoroquinolones (FQs) for aortic aneurysms (thoracic/abdominal) and Stanford A/B dissections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched EMBASE, Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases in February 2024. Eligible observational studies were those that presented adjusted risk estimates for aortic aneurysm or dissection (AAD) incidence, aortic-specific mortality, or all-cause mortality in FQ-treated versus untreated unexposed populations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 13 studies were included (36,224,419 participants), eight of which were cohort studies, two were nested case-control studies, and three were case-crossover designs. FQ exposure was associated with significantly elevated <i>de</i> <i>novo</i> AAD risk within 30 days (relative risk (RR) = 3.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [2.72, 4.24]; heterogeneity: <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 41.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.11) and 60 days (RR = 3.53, 95% CI = [2.78, 4.49]; heterogeneity: <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 87.0%, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The analysis also revealed a higher all-cause mortality risk for FQs versus non-exposed controls (odds ratio (OR) = 1.44, 95% CI = [1.08, 1.93]; heterogeneity: <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 0%, <i>p</i> = 0.80). Subgroup analysis demonstrated comparable aortic dissection (AD) and aortic aneurysm (AA) risks, except for a significantly increased <i>de</i> <i>novo</i> AA risk at 30 days (RR = 9.13, 95% CI = [6.05, 13.78]; heterogeneity: <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 68.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.07) and 60 days (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = [1.27, 2.26]; heterogeneity: <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 52%, <i>p</i> = 0.10).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis found a significant association between FQ use and short-term AAD risk. These results suggest that clinicians should weigh the risks of AAD before prescribing FQs, especially in patients with aortic vulnerability or pre-existing aortic pathology, considering alternative treatments when feasible.</p><p><strong>The prospero registration: </strong>CRD42024509853 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024509853).</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"27 3","pages":"43656"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ioannis Loufopoulos, Konstantinos Kapriniotis, Barbara Fyntanidou, Aikaterini Apostolopoulou, Athina Nasoufidou, Panagiotis Stachteas, Efstratios Karagiannidis, Efstathios Papaefstathiou
{"title":"Hematuria Management in Patients on Antiplatelet Medications After Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Review of the Current Evidence and Recommendations.","authors":"Ioannis Loufopoulos, Konstantinos Kapriniotis, Barbara Fyntanidou, Aikaterini Apostolopoulou, Athina Nasoufidou, Panagiotis Stachteas, Efstratios Karagiannidis, Efstathios Papaefstathiou","doi":"10.31083/RCM46334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM46334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hematuria is a frequent urological presentation, particularly in patients with significant cardiovascular comorbidities who receive dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Managing hematuria in this high-risk population poses a unique clinical challenge, requiring a careful balance between thrombotic and bleeding risks. This review summarizes current evidence and provides practical recommendations for the multidisciplinary management of hematuria in patients on antiplatelet medications following ACS. Relevant literature and international guideline recommendations from urology, cardiology, and emergency medicine were reviewed, focusing on diagnostic evaluation, hemodynamic assessment, modification of antiplatelet therapy, surgical considerations, and reversal strategies. The management pathway begins with a prompt assessment of hemodynamic stability, hematuria severity, and underlying cause. Conservative measures include catheterization, bladder irrigation, and correction of coagulation disorders. The diagnostic evaluation should not be delayed, as up to 24% of cases of visible hematuria in this population are due to malignancy. Antiplatelet management depends on bleeding severity and thrombotic risk: mild bleeding generally allows continuation of DAPT; moderate bleeding may warrant temporary cessation of aspirin; severe bleeding often requires de-escalation to monotherapy; life-threatening bleeding necessitates immediate discontinuation of all antiplatelets. Interventional options-ranging from endoscopic clot evacuation to selective arterial embolisation-should be tailored to the stability and cardiovascular risk of the patient. Resumption of antiplatelet therapy should occur as early as clinically feasible, ideally within 48 hours, with de-escalated regimens considered for patients with a high bleeding risk. Hematuria in post-ACS patients on antiplatelets requires an individualized, multidisciplinary approach to optimize hemostasis without compromising cardiovascular protection. Early diagnosis of underlying urological pathology is essential, and both bleeding severity and ischemic risk should guide antiplatelet modification therapy. Evidence supports early specialist involvement, adherence to structured risk-adapted protocols, and judicious use of conservative or interventional measures to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"27 3","pages":"46334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhixing Fan, Xinyi Liu, Hui Wu, Chaojun Yang, Jian Yang
{"title":"Contributions of Biological Aging to Longitudinal Incidence and Dynamic Progression of Atrial Fibrillation: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Zhixing Fan, Xinyi Liu, Hui Wu, Chaojun Yang, Jian Yang","doi":"10.31083/RCM47208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/RCM47208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of biological aging in the progression of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of biological aging markers on transitions from health to AF, complications, and death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two UK Biobank datasets were analyzed: 260,198 participants for the Klemera-Doubal method for biological age (KDM-BA) and PhenoAge analyses, and 339,603 for telomere length analyses, excluding those with AF, complications (heart failure, myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, dementia, and arterial embolic diseases) at baseline. The present study employed a multi-state model to evaluate the associations between biological aging markers and the progression of AF. Mediation analyses were utilized to assess the role of systemic inflammation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up period, 9.51-9.67% of patients in the two datasets developed AF, among whom 17.59-17.85% progressed to complications, with 8.20-10.83% of these patients dying from AF-related complications. In comparison with Q1, Q4 of the KDM-BA and PhenoAge analyses was associated with elevated risks across transitions, particularly from baseline to AF (hazard ratios (HR): 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.14; HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.25-1.35), baseline to death (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.16; HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06-1.16), and AF to complication (HR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.58-1.94; HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.37-1.68). Moreover, Q4 of the telomere length analyses showed protective effects against AF onset (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.80-0.86), progression to complications (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.72-0.84), and from baseline to death (HR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.88-0.94). Systemic inflammation was associated with up to 29.95% of these associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Associations were found between biological aging markers (higher KDM-BA and PhenoAge, and shorter telomere length) and the risk of AF transitions, particularly with respect to an increased risk of AF and progression to complications. These findings underscore the importance of biological age in AF risk stratification and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20989,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"27 3","pages":"47208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}