Resources Policy最新文献_第7页

Diamond artisanal mining and trafficking in the South Kasaï region of the Congo during the decolonization period (1957–1964) 非殖民化时期刚果南部Kasaï地区手工开采和贩运钻石（1957-1964）

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105763

Véronique Pouillard, Kristin Ranestad

{"title":"Diamond artisanal mining and trafficking in the South Kasaï region of the Congo during the decolonization period (1957–1964)","authors":"Véronique Pouillard, Kristin Ranestad","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the diamond extraction and commerce in South Kasaï, a key diamond-producing region in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Focusing on the late colonial years through the post-independence militarization of the province in 1964, the article examines the role of the multinational firms Forminière and Bécéka in consolidating control over diamond resources. Drawing on archival materials from both firms, held in the Sibeka archives (after the postcolonial renaming of these operations), we analyze how these firms exploited Congo’s extractive institutions, contributing to violence and state fragility. Shortly after the Congo gained independence on June 30, 1960, South Kasaï declared secession from the new republic and remained a semi-autonomous entity until 1962. Despite the ban on artisanal mining by the multinationals present in the region and by the South Kasaï provincial authorities, clandestine mining increased and started fostering the cross-border trade in diamonds, creating alternative circuits of commerce outside the monopoly of the De Beers international cartel. Against this backdrop, our findings show a ‘cycle of repression’, in which multinational management employed corruption, local exploitation, and violent measures to suppress artisanal mining and maintain dominance. We argue that the transition to independence intensified legal pluralism and informal mining cultures, undermining state authority and reinforcing the ‘resource curse’ framework. The paper contributes to debates on natural resources, extractive institutions, and conflict, offering a microhistorical perspective on diamond mining and its implications for Congolese governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105763"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scheduling by Pushbacks: A historical review of optimization approaches for strategic open pit mine planning 推回调度：露天矿战略规划优化方法的历史回顾

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105759

P. Abalos , A. Brickey , M. Goycoolea

{"title":"Scheduling by Pushbacks: A historical review of optimization approaches for strategic open pit mine planning","authors":"P. Abalos , A. Brickey , M. Goycoolea","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the 1960s, the <em>Scheduling by Pushbacks</em> methodology has been the cornerstone of strategic open-pit mine planning, providing a structured way to balance operational feasibility with economic value. This paper offers the first comprehensive historical review of the methodology, with a focus on optimization methods, drawing on academic literature, industry conference proceedings, software manuals, doctoral theses, patent filings, and interviews with early developers. We highlight how early computational limitations gave rise to optimization-based heuristic approaches such as nested pit parameterization and cutoff grade optimization. We examine how these approaches were transformed into practical planning methods that flourished into a rich software industry, producing tools that remain widely adopted to this day. Finally, we trace how these methods have evolved to adopt modern integer programming approaches, enabling the solution of much larger and more detailed models, thereby increasing project value and reducing computation times. Our contribution is to bring these developments together in a review that shows how the various models and algorithms fit within a common framework and notation, highlights key methodological contributions, clarifies the range of approaches offered today in both academia and industry, and discusses current challenges, including producing mine plans that respect operational requirements such as minimum widths and ramp access, and integrating environmental constraints into scheduling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 105759"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does US energy policy uncertainty drive FDI to Africa? 美国能源政策的不确定性是否推动了外国直接投资进入非洲？

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105783

Yinka S. Hammed , Moses O. Ogunniran , Solomon T. Ademosu

{"title":"Does US energy policy uncertainty drive FDI to Africa?","authors":"Yinka S. Hammed , Moses O. Ogunniran , Solomon T. Ademosu","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study seeks to answer the question: Does US energy policy uncertainty drive FDI to Africa? This pattern is consistent with theoretical submissions of regulatory arbitrage, institutional voids and push-pull dynamics, where investment reallocation often occurs in an environment with stable, flexible, and strategically favourable factors. We, therefore, employ the GMM approach for a data scope that spans the period from 1996 to 2022 to present the key analysis. Three countries that host nearly 50 % of US foreign direct investment in Africa are considered and the findings are as follows: A rise in US energy policy uncertainty tends to increase FDI flows to African economies that offer less restrictive regulatory environments. We further find evidence of FDI inertia in Egypt and South Africa, where prior investment trends are sustained. However, the results for Nigeria are more sensitive to the inclusion of total factor productivity. This reinforces the idea that domestic fundamentals, such as institutional quality and productivity capacity, interact more intensely with the energy uncertainty in Nigeria than in the other two countries. Evidence from asymmetric results in all models confirms the presence of non-linearity in the spillover effect of energy uncertainty, especially between pre- and post-GFC periods. The post-GFC period tends to have stronger effects, suggesting a shift in investor behaviour. Results from a sensitivity analysis further confirm the robustness of our findings. Thus, we suggest that key African-US partners adopt investment-friendly energy policies as a strategic measure to attract and sustain greater foreign investment in their economies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 105783"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Legal effectiveness of business contracts in tin mining: Socio-legal and governance challenges in corporate–community relations in Indonesia 锡矿商业合同的法律效力：印度尼西亚企业与社区关系中的社会-法律和治理挑战

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105767

Derita Prapti Rahayu , Muhammad Rustamaji , Faisal Faisal , Rafiqa Sari

{"title":"Legal effectiveness of business contracts in tin mining: Socio-legal and governance challenges in corporate–community relations in Indonesia","authors":"Derita Prapti Rahayu , Muhammad Rustamaji , Faisal Faisal , Rafiqa Sari","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The governance of mineral resources in developing economies often reveals tensions between formal legal frameworks and informal extraction practices. Indonesia’s tin sector exemplifies this dynamic within broader global debates on artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) formalization and contractual governance. Despite successive legal reforms, including the 2020 and 2025 Mineral and Coal Law amendments, community-based mining remains weakly regulated. In this context, private contracts between mining firms and artisanal miners have emerged as the primary cooperation mechanism, yet their legal effectiveness and fairness remain uncertain. Using a normative–empirical socio-legal method, this study integrates doctrinal interpretation with field data from five tin-producing districts in Bangka and Belitung to examine how contracts are negotiated, enforced, and experienced. The analysis, guided by Friedman’s legal-effectiveness framework, contractual-justice principles, and legal pluralism, identifies four persistent challenges: (1) bargaining asymmetries favoring corporations; (2) limited legal literacy among miners; (3) fragmented oversight; and (4) absence of sustainability and safety clauses. The findings show that informal norms fill governance gaps but fail to ensure substantive fairness or enforceability. Policy reform should promote transparent and standardized contracts, community legal empowerment, and mandatory environmental and social safeguards to strengthen equitable extractive governance in Indonesia and comparable contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 105767"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards a circular economy: Secondary raw materials price prediction based on their listings on global stock quotes 迈向循环经济：基于全球股票报价的二级原材料价格预测

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105765

Mohamed Alwaeli , Konrad Kaczmarek

{"title":"Towards a circular economy: Secondary raw materials price prediction based on their listings on global stock quotes","authors":"Mohamed Alwaeli , Konrad Kaczmarek","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to develop and validate a statistical model of the purchase price and price prediction of secondary raw materials, depending on the price of their original counterparts on the global stock markets. The paper investigates the relationship between the prices of secondary raw materials and their original counterparts, estimating a linear model to represent this relationship. The derived equations were statistically validated, yielding models of purchase prices that are determined by stock prices with a time delay.</div><div>The data indicates that the model for predicting the purchase price of copper cable scrap in Poland, considering stock quotes in the UK and the USA from four days prior, explains about 98 % of the variance of the considered purchase prices, as indicated by the coefficient of determination (<span><math><mrow><msup><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></span> value). Similarly, models for predicting purchase prices of pieces of aluminum sector considering stock quotes in the UK from 21 days prior and for scrap nickel considering stock quotes in the UK from 19 days prior explain about 95 % and 91 % of the variance of the considered purchase prices, respectively.</div><div>Detailed verification of these models indicates that they meet the necessary assumptions for linear regression, affirming their suitability for prediction. It is likely that the resulting forecasts will only contain relatively small errors, which was confirmed by empirical tests for models obtained for copper and aluminum. However, empirical tests for the nickel model only indicated small partial errors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 105765"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards global cooperation in securing critical minerals: Game theory analyses of policy discourses from the United States, the European Union, South Africa and Australia 争取确保关键矿物的全球合作：美国、欧洲联盟、南非和澳大利亚政策话语的博弈论分析

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105792

Desire Runganga , Bishal Bharadwaj , Helen Cabalu , Peta Ashworth

引用次数: 0

Sales vs. profit-based royalties: Evidence from lithium in LAC countries 销售额与基于利润的特许权使用费：来自拉丁美洲和加勒比地区国家锂的证据

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105779

Gerardo Reyes-Tagle, Claudio Karl Estupiñan

{"title":"Sales vs. profit-based royalties: Evidence from lithium in LAC countries","authors":"Gerardo Reyes-Tagle, Claudio Karl Estupiñan","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium is central to the global energy transition, with Argentina, Brazil, and Chile holding a significant portion of the world's reserves. Designing royalty regimes that capture rents without discouraging investment is therefore a critical policy challenge. While theory emphasizes the neutrality of profit-based instruments, common practice relies on administratively simpler sales-based royalties. In the analysis of these alternatives, existing studies have mostly used partial equilibrium approaches that overlook economy-wide effects.</div><div>This paper, on the other hand, develops a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model designed to capture the economy-wide effects of four royalty schemes: a flat sales-based scheme, a flat profit-based scheme, a progressive sales-based scheme, and a progressive profit-based scheme. The model is calibrated with data from Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, and is used to simulate the effects of a 10% lithium price shock on production, investment, and fiscal balances. Results show that sales-based regimes transmit higher prices more effectively to investment, while progressive schemes capture more rents but risk discouraging marginal projects. Profit-based progressivity stabilizes fiscal balances but underperforms in rent capture. These findings can serve to inform royalty design in Latin America and other resource-rich economies facing energy transition challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 105779"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The benefits of enhanced circularity on strategic autonomy: Titanium metal in the EU 加强循环对战略自主的好处：欧盟的钛金属

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105793

Alejandro Buesa , Pablo Piñero , Luis Pedauga , José Manuel Rueda-Cantuche , Brian Baldassarre

{"title":"The benefits of enhanced circularity on strategic autonomy: Titanium metal in the EU","authors":"Alejandro Buesa , Pablo Piñero , Luis Pedauga , José Manuel Rueda-Cantuche , Brian Baldassarre","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105793","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105793","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strategic autonomy can benefit from circular economy initiatives, such as reducing primary inputs and recycling critical raw materials in key technologies. Using titanium metal in the EU as a showcase, we start by combining information from heterogeneous sources: non-systematic data, macroeconomic statistics and micro-level information from Customs agencies. This procedure allows us to disaggregate secondary (i.e., titanium scrap) flows depending on their production stage, sector of origin and quality. Building upon this novel dataset, we design two enhanced circularity scenarios with marked strategic autonomy implications: a reduction of scrap buyback agreements in the EU with the US, and an increase in scrap collection from end-of-life aircraft. Finally, these scenarios are fed into an inter-country input–output model to compute their economic and employment impact. The results of our simulations show that the EU would benefit from retaining and valorizing secondary titanium flows domestically instead of routing it to third countries, most notably if domestic processing capacity is also increased, by up to 40 million euros in value added and around 620 jobs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 105793"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

To mine or not to mine, that is the question: Assessing public preferences for deep-sea mining using a choice experiment in Norway 开采还是不开采，这是一个问题：通过挪威的一项选择实验来评估公众对深海采矿的偏好

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105788

Thomas M. van Rensburg, Mohammad Asif Khan, Noreen Brennan

引用次数: 0

Subaltern environmentalism and small-scale mining reforms in Ghana: the new government's five-point strategy and a model for mining site reclamation 加纳的基层环保主义和小规模矿业改革：新政府的五点战略和矿区复垦模式

IF 10.2 2区经济学

Resources Policy Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105762

Albert Kobina Mensah , Francis Xavier Dery Tuokuu

{"title":"Subaltern environmentalism and small-scale mining reforms in Ghana: the new government's five-point strategy and a model for mining site reclamation","authors":"Albert Kobina Mensah , Francis Xavier Dery Tuokuu","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mineral extraction is a major driver of environmental degradation in many mining areas across the world. Regardless of scale, whether through basic tools or advanced technology, unsustainable mining practices result in significant ecological harm. In Ghana, government interventions to regulate the sector have largely been coercive, disproportionately targeting artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM), which is primarily undertaken by marginalized Ghanaians ‘digging for survival’. This study applies for the first-time the framework of subaltern environmentalism to evaluate the new Ghanaian government's five key strategies for addressing the challenges confronting the ASM sector: regulatory reforms, law enforcement, equipment seizures, stakeholder engagement, and land reclamation<strong>.</strong> This study examines the government's commitments and progress toward these policy objectives by analysing materials related to ASM reforms published between January and July 2025<strong>,</strong> coinciding with the government's first six months in office. The data included weekly news reports, official government communications, reports from recognized organisations, and expert commentaries. The study reveals that regulatory reforms, law enforcement, and land reclamation recorded the highest levels of activity and commitment from the government. We propose a concurrent reclamation model—an integrated approach that couples active mining with ongoing environmental rehabilitation—as an effective strategy for restoring and repurposing degraded mining sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 105762"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0