Pure and Applied Chemistry最新文献_第6页

Hydrogen storage and handling with hydrides 氢储存和氢化物处理

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2023-1134

Marcello Baricco, Erika M. Dematteis, Jussara Barale, Mattia Costamagna, Mauro F. Sgroi, Mauro Palumbo, Paola Rizzi

{"title":"Hydrogen storage and handling with hydrides","authors":"Marcello Baricco, Erika M. Dematteis, Jussara Barale, Mattia Costamagna, Mauro F. Sgroi, Mauro Palumbo, Paola Rizzi","doi":"10.1515/pac-2023-1134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-1134","url":null,"abstract":"After production and before the use in different applications, hydrogen may need to be purified, transported, compressed and stored. Hydrogen is conventionally stored in high pressure gas cylinders and, as a liquid phase at low temperatures, in opened tanks. These methods present several economic and security problems. So, hydrogen storage in liquid or solid carriers is a suitable method for future applications. Hydrogen absorption and desorption in metal and complex hydrides will be discussed. Examples are provided, including the role of additives in promoting hydrogen sorption reactions. Some case studies using metal hydrides as hydrogen carrier are presented. The HyCARE project, focussed on the development of an efficient metal hydride-based system for the storage of renewables energies is presented, giving evidence of about 50 kg of hydrogen stored in metal hydrides. A small-scale hydrogen refuelling station developed to provide hydrogen for a fuel cell driven drone will be described. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with developed systems is also shortly described. Finally, main open challenges will be outlined, suggesting possible approaches for their overcoming.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Copper nanoparticle biosynthesis and characterization utilizing a bioflocculant from Kytococcus sedentarius 利用沉降岐球菌的生物絮凝剂进行纳米铜粒子的生物合成和表征

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2023-1021

Minenhle Peculiar Deo-volente Sibisi, Albertus Kotze Basson, Zuzingcebo Golden Ntombela, Viswanadha Srirama Rajasekhar Pullabhotla

{"title":"Copper nanoparticle biosynthesis and characterization utilizing a bioflocculant from Kytococcus sedentarius","authors":"Minenhle Peculiar Deo-volente Sibisi, Albertus Kotze Basson, Zuzingcebo Golden Ntombela, Viswanadha Srirama Rajasekhar Pullabhotla","doi":"10.1515/pac-2023-1021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-1021","url":null,"abstract":"The application of microbial flocculants in nanoparticle synthesis is attracting scientists to utilize them due to their eco-friendliness. This study was mainly focused on biosynthesizing and characterizing copper nanoparticles from a non-pathogenic microorganism Kytococcus sedentarius to produce bioflocculant. The formed copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were analyzed using UV–vis spectroscope (UV–vis), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). After extraction and purification, 2.4 g was produced from bioflocculant in a 1 L culture fermentation mixture. During CuNP biosynthesis, a blue color change was obtained after 24 h of incubation indicating their successful formation. A variety of elements namely, C, O, Cu, P, Ca, Mg and Al were found in the as-synthesized CuNPs with 25.23 % (wt) carbon, 20.13 % (wt) of oxygen and 23.37 % (wt) of Cu element. SEM and TEM images of the product depicted it to be agglomerated with different size and shapes. The TGA showed the CuNPs to be thermal stable as 70 % weight was retained at 900 °C with 30 % weight lost. FT-IR spectrum of the biosynthesized CuNPs contains a variety of functional groups related to sugar and proteins namely, hydroxyl, amine, carboxyl groups and a typical Cu–O bond at 559 cm−1. The crystallite size was estimated to be 28.3 nm, which is in line with JCPDS card no. 89–5899 of copper standard confirming the correct peak orientation. UV–vis analysis revealed the absorption peak to be 275 nm which confirms synthesis of the CuNPs using a bioflocculant.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elucidating the interaction of FCC catalyst components: the discrete roles of matrix and binder on zeolite structure 阐明催化裂化催化剂组分的相互作用：基质和粘结剂对沸石结构的不同作用

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2024-0111

Ubong J. Etim, Peng Bai, Fazle Subhan, Zifeng Yan

{"title":"Elucidating the interaction of FCC catalyst components: the discrete roles of matrix and binder on zeolite structure","authors":"Ubong J. Etim, Peng Bai, Fazle Subhan, Zifeng Yan","doi":"10.1515/pac-2024-0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2024-0111","url":null,"abstract":"Zeolite Y is the active phase of the modern fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst. However, a functional and active FCC catalyst comprises, in addition to zeolite Y, matrices and a binder that introduce some levels of synergistic interaction between the catalyst components, impacting its activity. This study investigates the interactive properties of a zeolite-matrix-binder composite on a typical FCC catalyst using various characterization techniques. Characterization of synthesized FCC catalyst samples reveals changes in the structural composition of zeolite Y dependent upon the type and ratio of binder materials. The binder is important in the crystallization of the final composite. Acidic binder induces dealumination of zeolite, leading to amorphization, loss of Brønsted acid sites, framework structure impairment, and the formation of defective sites. TEM indicates the formation of zeolite-matrix interfaces upon binding of zeolite by the matrix. Depending on the extent and severity of thermal processing, the clay–alumina–silica binder undergoes dehydroxylation to varying degrees by cross-linking of terminal hydroxyl groups between neighboring binder particles, which contributes to the increased thermal and mechanical stability of the bound catalysts.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of silver–zirconia nanoparticles for environmental pollution treatment 增强银氧化锆纳米粒子的光催化和抗菌性能，用于环境污染处理

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2024-0108

Phi Hung Dao, Hoang Nghia Trinh, Thuy Chinh Nguyen, Anh Hiep Nguyen, Dinh Hieu Vu, Xuan Thai Nguyen, Thi Huong Giang Hoang, Tien Dung Nguyen, Hoang Thai

{"title":"Enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of silver–zirconia nanoparticles for environmental pollution treatment","authors":"Phi Hung Dao, Hoang Nghia Trinh, Thuy Chinh Nguyen, Anh Hiep Nguyen, Dinh Hieu Vu, Xuan Thai Nguyen, Thi Huong Giang Hoang, Tien Dung Nguyen, Hoang Thai","doi":"10.1515/pac-2024-0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2024-0108","url":null,"abstract":"Silver–zirconia nanoparticles (Ag–ZrO2 NPs) were synthesized via an in situ strategy at room temperature using NaBH4 as a reducing agent. The surface modification of ZrO2 nanoparticles with nano silver was confirmed through various characterization techniques including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The obtained results demonstrated that Ag nanoparticles, with a crystallite size of approximately 12 nm, were uniformly distributed on the surface of ZrO2 nanoparticles. The incorporation of Ag nanoparticles to the ZrO2 nanoparticles led to increasing the light absorption ability and reducing the band gap of Ag–ZrO2 nanoparticles, thereby enhancing their photocatalytic performance under infrared lamp exposure. When 1 g/L of Ag–ZrO2 nanoparticles was employed to methylene blue (MB) solution, the degradation of MB reached 90 % after 5 h of exposure. Additionally, the Ag–ZrO2 nanoparticles exhibited a high antibacterial activity against two bacterial strains, E. coli and S. aureus. These findings highlight the potential of Ag–ZrO2 nanoparticles as effective materials for environmental pollution treatment through advanced oxidation processes.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational study on reactivity, aromaticity, and absorption spectra of chrysene: effect of BN doping and substituents 关于菊烯反应性、芳香性和吸收光谱的计算研究：掺杂 BN 和取代基的影响

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2023-1105

Bapan Saha, Pradip Kr. Bhattacharyya

{"title":"Computational study on reactivity, aromaticity, and absorption spectra of chrysene: effect of BN doping and substituents","authors":"Bapan Saha, Pradip Kr. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1515/pac-2023-1105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-1105","url":null,"abstract":"Density functional study (DFT) is performed for understanding the reactivity, aromaticity, and UV-visible absorption spectra of chrysene-based materials. Effect of BN doping on the said parameters are analyzed along with the effect of –Me (methyl), –OH (hydroxyl), –CHO (formyl) –COOH (carboxyl) and –CN (cyano) substituents. Global reactivity parameters viz. energy of HOMO (E HOMO), global hardness (η), chemical potential (μ) and electrophilicity (ω) are computed. Nucleus independent chemical shifts (NICS) values are estimated to study the variation in aromaticity. Time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) is used to study the UV–Visible absorption spectra. Effects of BN doping and substituents on corresponding dipole moments and band gaps are also analyzed. Presence of BN unit and/or substituents induced considerable impact on global reactivity, dipole moment, band gap and aromaticity of the chosen systems, especially for BN doped chrysene at the edge. Absorption spectra which are red shifted in presence of BN and substituents are mostly found within the UV-region.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conversion of elemental phosphorus under the electron beam irradiation 电子束辐照下元素磷的转化

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2024-0027

Natalia Tarasova, Alexey Zanin, Alexander Ponomarev, Ilya Toropygin, Efrem Krivoborodov

引用次数: 0

Efficient synthesis of tricaproin: catalyst and reaction optimization 高效合成三蝶呤：催化剂和反应优化

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2024-0017

Lenar I. Musin, Renat M. Akhmadullin, Karim R. Gizutdinov, Lilya Sh. Nigmatullina, Leonid V. Lopukhov, Anna N. Zaripova, Dinar D. Nigamatullin, Valerii V. Spiryagin, Huu Quynh Anh Le, Thi Nam Pham, My Uyen Dao, Hong Dung Lai, Hien Y Hoang

{"title":"Efficient synthesis of tricaproin: catalyst and reaction optimization","authors":"Lenar I. Musin, Renat M. Akhmadullin, Karim R. Gizutdinov, Lilya Sh. Nigmatullina, Leonid V. Lopukhov, Anna N. Zaripova, Dinar D. Nigamatullin, Valerii V. Spiryagin, Huu Quynh Anh Le, Thi Nam Pham, My Uyen Dao, Hong Dung Lai, Hien Y Hoang","doi":"10.1515/pac-2024-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2024-0017","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a short communication on exploring, for the first time, a simple approach for the selective and highly effective synthesis of tricaproin by synergistically combining silicon tripolyphosphate and phosphoric acid in the catalytic esterification of glycerol with caproic acid. Results reveal that within the initial hour of the synthesis, the conversion in the presence of the proposed mixture achieved an efficiency of 62.99 %, whereas this figure for individual catalysts only modestly stopped at 27.50 and 11.74 %, respectively. Furthermore, the inherent shortcomings in the tricaprion synthesis, such as catalyst deactivation, resinification of the reaction solution, and generation of numerous by-products, were successfully addressed. The structure of the resultant tricaproin and the possible absence of undesired by-products were confirmed by NMR, mass spectrometry, FT-IR, and TLC. The optimal conditions for the synthesis were also investigated. The study not only contributes a practical and selective synthetic approach for tricaproin but also paves the way for exploring novel avenues to enhance the efficiency of the catalytic esterification.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140325625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Speciation and mobility of uranium isotopes in the Shu River: impacts for river to sea transfer 舒河中铀同位素的种类和流动性：对河流向海洋转移的影响

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2023-1009

Ilona V. Matveyeva, Mukhambetkali М. Burkitbayev

{"title":"Speciation and mobility of uranium isotopes in the Shu River: impacts for river to sea transfer","authors":"Ilona V. Matveyeva, Mukhambetkali М. Burkitbayev","doi":"10.1515/pac-2023-1009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-1009","url":null,"abstract":"Fresh water outflows to sea are a source of marine contamination by radionuclides, most originating from nuclear industry operations. Usually, these lead to small amounts of radionuclides entering the sea, for example, because of the discharge of cooling water. However, under accident conditions large amounts of radionuclides may enter river systems. The extent of radionuclide transport along freshwater systems and their subsequent dispersal in the ocean depends upon their speciation. This manuscript examines the speciation of uranium, with particular reference to sulphate complexes, along the Shu River in Central Asia with a view to predict its transport along such rivers to receiving seas. The speciation of uranium isotopes in the Shu River (at the border of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) was determined. Calculations were based on the measured concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na++K+, HCO3 −, Cl−, SO4 2−, and of uranium isotopes. These calculations were determined by either titrimetric methods, gravimetric methods or, for uranium isotopes, by alpha-particle spectrometry. Almost all uranium was present as one of three soluble complexes, either [UO2OH]+, [UO2(CO3)2(H2O)2]2− or [UO2(CO3)3]4−. However, despite the significant concentration of sulphate-ions in the water, especially for the Lower Shu in Kazakhstan, the probability of uranium being present as of sulphate complexes in the analyzed water was very low. The presence of soluble ions is consistent with their mobility along freshwater systems and their transfer to the marine environment. No evidence of an effect from influxes of sulphate was identified.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140313439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flexible polymer networks: rubber elasticity and segmental orientation 柔性聚合物网络：橡胶弹性和段定向

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2023-1130

Volker Abetz

引用次数: 0

Crucial role of the internalisation of the distinction between dependent and independent variables for clearer chemistry understanding 内化因变量和自变量之间的区别对于更清晰地理解化学至关重要

IF 1.8 4区化学

Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1515/pac-2023-1119

Liliana Mammino

{"title":"Crucial role of the internalisation of the distinction between dependent and independent variables for clearer chemistry understanding","authors":"Liliana Mammino","doi":"10.1515/pac-2023-1119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-1119","url":null,"abstract":"Mathematics constitutes a fundamental key for the description and understanding of many phenomena. The chemistry discourse incorporates mathematics in various ways and instances. At educational level, interchanges occur in two directions: mathematics provides support for clearer understanding of chemical phenomena, and the level at which students use the relevant mathematics is an indication of the clarity of their conceptual understanding in chemistry. The present work focuses on an issue for which mathematics tightly links to the conceptual understanding of physical terms – the issue of independent and dependent variables. The definition is in principle well known. On the other hand, the distinction between the two types of variables and their roles is not always clearly underlined at explanation level, and is often not sufficiently internalised by students. This results in a variety of misunderstandings and errors. Careful analysis of students’ works enables the identification of errors that can be tracked down to unclear distinction between the dependent and independent variables in a given context; such errors appear in several areas of chemistry, at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The present work considers and analyses a number of representative examples, highlighting the impact of their unclear distinction and the ensuing importance of devoting specific attention to it. Selected addressing approaches from direct experience are included and their outcomes discussed.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140313440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0