Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Are changes in joviality associated with cognitive behavioral treatment outcomes? Examining an emerging treatment target.","authors":"Daniella Spencer-Laitt, Laura J Long, Lauren S Woodard, Brittany A Jaso, Nicole D Cardona, Saige R Fong, Todd J Farchione","doi":"10.1037/pst0000498","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pst0000498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study expands on the growing body of research on the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on positive affect. More specifically, we explore how CBT may promote increases in the Joviality subscale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form (PANAS-X), a measure of self-rated affect that captures positive emotions, including joy and excitement, and how change in joviality may be associated with concurrent symptom change. We utilized data from a randomized equivalence trial comparing the efficacy of the unified protocol (UP) for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders, a transdiagnostic CBT, against various well-established single disorder protocols (SDP) and waitlist control. First, we generated affect profiles for patients receiving CBT (either UP or SDP) or waitlist control, based on their baseline and posttreatment positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA), compared with a clinical reference sample. We found that the affect profile for most patients receiving CBT shifted from high NA/low PA to low NA/high PA. Further, participants receiving CBT were more likely than individuals in the waitlist control to achieve this outcome. We then examined the PANAS-X Joviality subscale, which has been subject to very limited previous research. Change in joviality was associated with improvement in symptoms of both anxiety (<i>B</i> = -0.81, <i>p</i> = .00) and depression (<i>B</i> = -0.94, <i>p</i> = .00). Joviality increased more rapidly in individuals with more severe anxiety but not severe depression. We discuss the possible clinical implications of these preliminary results, including the role of treatment innovations incorporating a focus on increasing positive affect, particularly the emotions associated with joviality, while simultaneously decreasing negative affect. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"477-487"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10843828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9991710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic relations between mentalization techniques and therapeutic alliance in psychodynamic child therapy: An evidence-based case study.","authors":"Dilara Güvenç, Sibel Halfon","doi":"10.1037/pst0000505","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pst0000505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Therapeutic alliance and mentalization are common factors inherent to all effective treatments. Mentalization-based interventions have the potential to create a safe relationship, which makes further mentalizing interventions possible. However, to date, no study has examined the bidirectional relationship between these variables in child psychotherapy. In an evidence-based case study design, psychodynamic therapy processes of two Turkish children (age: 9 and 10 years) who presented with social withdrawal problems were compared. All their sessions (34 sessions from Case No. 1 and 31 from Case No. 2) were coded using the Therapy Process Observational Coding System-Alliance Scale and Mentalization-Based Treatment for Children Adherence Scale. Outcome scales pertaining to symptoms, attachment, and mentalization were administered at baseline and at termination. Time-series Granger Causality tests revealed that in the case with clinically significant outcome, mentalization techniques predicted therapeutic alliance in the subsequent sessions, which predicted the use of further mentalization interventions. However, this relationship was not supported in the case with no significant improvement. Selected sessions were clinically analyzed with verbatim session vignettes. Our findings indicate that mentalization techniques in child therapy are closely related to the therapeutic relationship. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"548-559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49681709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healing from weight stigma in community: A thematic analysis of a group intervention for large-bodied individuals.","authors":"Lisa M Brownstone, Devin A Kelly, Erin N Harrop, Hannah N Norling, L P Palazzolo, Orphea Wright, Emily Tiede","doi":"10.1037/pst0000509","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pst0000509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Discrimination against and negative beliefs about large-bodied individuals, known as weight stigma, is pervasive and harmful. While previous research has focused on the negative consequences of weight stigma, the present study aims to highlight the lived experience of large-bodied individuals while also exploring the process of healing from harmful experiences of weight stigma. Ten adult (9/10 White, 8/10 cisgender women), large-bodied individuals recruited via snowball sampling through a nonprofit, grassroots, eating disorder advocacy organization participated in a 10-week, counselor-facilitated support group with the shared goal of healing from the impact of weight stigma. Researchers used reflexive thematic analysis to analyze video recordings and transcripts of group sessions to answer the following question: how did participants make sense of their weight stigma experiences and engage with the process of healing in community? Four primary themes were generated: (a) Community is Essential, (b) Storying, (c) Deprogramming and Changing Mindset, and (d) Expansive Healing. These results underscore the impact of weight stigma in the lives of large-bodied individuals and provide insight into how clinicians might support such individuals engaging in collective healing from these painful experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"455-466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49681710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I see you as recognizing me; therefore, I trust you: Operationalizing epistemic trust in psychotherapy.","authors":"Shimrit Fisher, Peter Fonagy, Hadas Wiseman, Sigal Zilcha-Mano","doi":"10.1037/pst0000501","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pst0000501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epistemic trust (ET) is one's ability to trust others and relies on the information they convey as being relevant and generalizable. This concept has received considerable theoretical and clinical attention, suggesting it is a promising factor in effective psychotherapy, possibly consisting of three elements: sharing, we-mode, and learning. However, for it to be used in clinical practice and research, it is imperative to (a) enhance our clinical understanding of how ET may manifest in the context of treatment and (b) understand how the process of change may occur in the course of treatment. The present study aims to identify patients' trait-like ET characteristics upon initiating treatment and explore the possible state-like changes in ET characteristics throughout treatment. Taking a discovery-oriented approach, we examined how therapists can identify a patient's level of ET at the beginning of treatment. We also examined how, within a treatment for individuals with poor pretreatment ET, the therapist and patient work interactively to bring about a positive change in ET. Identifying the process in which the therapist implements techniques in response to the patient's reactions may enable the active mechanism to be isolated and promote the first formulation of the way changes in ET occur in sequence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"560-572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10152530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transference and client attachment to therapist in psychodynamic psychotherapy.","authors":"Kathryn V Kline, Clara E Hill, Yun Lu, Charles J Gelso","doi":"10.1037/pst0000492","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pst0000492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although there are theorized connections between client transference and their attachment to their therapists (Bowlby, 1969/1982), limited empirical research exists examining their association over the course of psychotherapy. We thus examined the association between positive and negative transference and client attachment to therapist across the course of open-ended psychodynamic psychotherapy for 49 cases with doctoral student therapists and adult community clients who had at least 32 sessions. Using a Bayesian multilevel structural equation model framework, results indicated that client secure attachment increased and avoidant-fearful attachment decreased across the course of psychotherapy. For clients with higher preoccupied-merger attachment at the beginning of therapy, therapists perceived more fluctuation in negative transference over time than for clients with other attachment styles. Implications for research, practice, and therapist training are offered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"467-476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9449336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychologists conducting psychotherapy in 2022: Contemporary practices and historical patterns of the Society for the Advancement of Psychotherapy.","authors":"John C Norcross, Maria N Rocha, Ashley A Chrysler","doi":"10.1037/pst0000493","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pst0000493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study updated and extended investigations from 1981, 1991, 2001, and 2012 on the contemporary psychotherapy practices and historical patterns of United States psychologists in the American Psychological Association Division of Psychotherapy/Society for the Advancement of Psychotherapy. In 2022, 475 psychologists (48% response) completed an online questionnaire regarding their sociodemographic characteristics, professional activities, therapy formats, employment settings, theoretical orientations, personal therapy, and career satisfactions. Results showed an increasingly female and aging membership with primary employment in independent practices and universities. Psychotherapy, research/writing, and administration were the most frequent professional activities. Individual therapy remained the most common format, and the most popular theoretical orientations remained psychodynamic/relational (29%), integrative (27%), and cognitive (19%). Eighty-two percent of psychologists have undergone personal therapy at least once. Career satisfaction, likewise, has remained consistently high across the 40 years. The limitations and implications of these 40-year patterns are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"587-592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9473326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative meta-analysis exploring client-reported outcomes of couple therapy.","authors":"Ronan O'Malley, Rebecca Glenny, Simone Poppleton, Ladislav Timulak","doi":"10.1037/pst0000513","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pst0000513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The quantitative reviews of the outcome research on couple therapy show that this type of therapy can produce positive outcomes for couples and improve relationship satisfaction. There is now also a number of qualitative studies in which clients report in their own words on the outcomes of couple therapy. This study aimed to meta-analyze the client-reported outcomes of couple therapy generated in the studies using qualitative methods. A sample of 15 primary studies examining clients' reported outcomes of couple therapy was identified through an extensive literature search. Relevant qualitative data on the client-reported outcomes were extracted into a single data set. The data was then analyzed using a descriptive-interpretive qualitative meta-analytic approach. Similar outcomes were grouped into metacategories. The metacategories were then organized into several clusters of the client-reported outcomes of couple therapy. The meta-analysis yielded 25 metacategories which were clustered into seven main clusters, (a) seeing things differently; (b) changed behavior within the relationship; (c) improved experience in the relationship; (d) improved communication quality; (e) improvement in relationship functioning; (f) improved individual functioning, and (g) difficult outcomes of therapy. Clients reported numerous constructive (e.g., new understanding of the couple's interactional functioning, improvement in the conflict management, new positive ways of relating and connecting, letting go of expectations imposed on the partner or changes within the self that may be one's contribution to the relationship), and some difficult, outcomes of engaging in couple therapy (the clarity on the decision to separate). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"417-430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71413728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Hill and Norcross (2023).","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/pst0000508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reports an error in \"Psychotherapy skills and methods: Introduction to the special issue\" by Clara E. Hill and John C. Norcross (<i>Psychotherapy</i>, 2023[Sep], Vol 60[3], 237-245). In the article, the correct affiliation for John C. Norcross is the Department of Psychology, University of Scranton. The online version of this article has been corrected, (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2023-99100-001.) This article introduces the special issue of <i>Psychotherapy</i> on evidence-based skills and methods and concomitantly, outlines the purposes and processes of the Interorganizational Task Force that guided the work. We provide the rationale for reviewing psychotherapy skills and methods, define and contrast skills and methods with other components of psychotherapy, describe how to assess skills, methods, and outcomes (immediate in-session, intermediate, and distal), how to link skills and methods with outcomes, and how to summarize the extant research on those skills and methods. Finally, we describe how the research reviews of skills and methods lead to training implications and therapeutic practices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":"60 4","pages":"454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138807719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Timulak et al. (2022).","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/pst0000504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reports an error in \"A comparison of emotion-focused therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: Results of a feasibility randomized controlled trial\" by Ladislav Timulak, Daragh Keogh, Craig Chigwedere, Charlotte Wilson, Fiona Ward, David Hevey, Patrick Griffin, Louise Jacobs, Suzanne Hughes, Christina Vaughan, Kea Beckham and Shona Mahon (<i>Psychotherapy</i>, 2022[Mar], Vol 59[1], 84-95). In the article, the third <i>n</i> and percentage values in the second sentence in the second paragraph of the Treatment Drop Out, Number of Sessions, Research Attrition section should appear as <i>n</i> = 6 (20.6%) at 6-month follow-up. All versions of this article have been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2022-26657-001.) Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a chronic mental health difficulty typically present in primary care settings. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the psychological intervention with the best evidence for its efficacy for GAD. The development of other psychological interventions can increase client choice. This feasibility trial examined an initial assessment of the efficacy of EFT in comparison to CBT in the treatment of GAD in the context of an Irish public health service. The trial provided information on recruitment, therapist training/adherence, and client retention relevant for a potential noninferiority trial. A randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of EFT versus CBT for GAD. Both therapies were offered in a 16-20 sessions format. Therapists (<i>n</i> = 8) were trained in both conditions and offered both therapies. Clients were randomly assigned to the two therapies EFT (<i>n</i> = 29) and CBT (<i>n</i> = 29). Outcomes were assessed using several measures, with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) being the primary outcome. Clients were assessed at baseline, week 16, end of therapy, and at 6-month follow-up. Therapists were able to learn the two models after a short training and showed moderate levels of adherence. Although not statistically significant, the drop out from treatment was 10% for EFT and 27% for CBT. The two therapies showed large pre-post change and similar outcomes across all measures, with these benefits retained at 6-month follow-up. Results suggest that EFT is a potentially promising treatment for GAD. Further investigation is indicated to establish its potential to expand the available psychological therapies for GAD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":"60 4","pages":"547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138807720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychotherapist variables that may lead to treatment failure or termination-A qualitative analysis of patients' perspectives.","authors":"Sven Alfonsson, Simon Fagernäs, Gabriella Sjöstrand, Mårten J Tyrberg","doi":"10.1037/pst0000503","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pst0000503","url":null,"abstract":"A substantial number of patients do not improve from psychotherapy, some even deteriorate, and some terminate treatment prematurely. Identifying therapist variables that may lead to treatment failures from patients' perspectives can inform how psychotherapists can increase effectiveness. Using a semistructured protocol, we interviewed 24 patients who had experienced unsatisfying individual face-to-face psychotherapy within the last 2 years. The study procedures were guided by the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. The manifest content analysis provided 13 subcategories grouped into four categories: (a) psychotherapists' negative traits (inflexible, unengaged, unemphatic, insecure), (b) unprofessionalism (superficial, violating personal boundaries, breaking confidentiality, nontransparent), (c) incompetence (unstructured, poor assessment or understanding, poor knowledge, too passive), and (d) mismatch (therapist-patient mismatch). To reduce the risk of treatment failure, psychotherapists may need a multifaceted set of relational skills, theoretical and technical competence, ethical sensitivity, and engagement. Some of the identified subcategories were complex constructs (e.g., unengaged) that may need time and effort to develop for psychotherapists. Other identified subcategories were obvious inappropriate behaviors in professional psychotherapy (e.g., breaking confidentiality). However, the categories found in this study need further quantitative investigation to assess the validity, frequency, and relative impact on treatment outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":20910,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"431-441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41210904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}