Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-08-11 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.49-53

Nurfiningsih Nurfiningsih, R. Ratnawati, A. Prasetyaningrum

引用次数: 1

Back Matter 回到问题

Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-08-11 DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.19.2.xxx-xxx

D. Ariyanti

引用次数: 0

Study on Particle Swarm Optimization Variant and Simulated Annealing in Vapor Liquid Equilibrium Calculation 汽液平衡计算中粒子群优化变量和模拟退火的研究

Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-08-11 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.77-83

R. Oktavian, A. Wibowo, Z. Fitriah

{"title":"Study on Particle Swarm Optimization Variant and Simulated Annealing in Vapor Liquid Equilibrium Calculation","authors":"R. Oktavian, A. Wibowo, Z. Fitriah","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.77-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.77-83","url":null,"abstract":"Phase equilibrium calculation plays a major rule in optimization of separation process in chemical processing. Phase equilibrium calculation is still very challenging due to highly nonlinear and non-convex of mathematical models. Recently, stochastic optimization method has been widely used to solve those problems. One of the promising stochastic methods is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) due to its simplicity and robustness. This study presents the capability of particle swarm optimization for correlating isothermal vapor liquid equilibrium data of water with methanol and ethanol system by optimizing Wilson, Non-Random Two Liquids (NRTL), and Universal Quasi Chemical (UNIQUAC) activity coefficient model and also presents the comparison with bare-bones PSO (BBPSO) and simulated annealing (SA). Those three optimization methods were successfully tested and validated to model vapor liquid equilibrium calculation and were successfully applied to correlate vapor liquid equilibrium data for those types of systems with deviation less than 2%. In addition, BBPSO shows a consistency result and faster convergence among those three optimization methods. Keywords: Phase equilibrium, stochastic method, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing and activity coefficient model","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77406717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutritional Characteristics and Potential Applications of Flour Prepared from Indonesian Wild White Yam (Dioscorea esculenta L.) 印尼野生白山药制粉的营养特性及应用前景

Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-08-11 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.43-48

D. S. Retnowati, R. Ratnawati, A. C. Kumoro

{"title":"Nutritional Characteristics and Potential Applications of Flour Prepared from Indonesian Wild White Yam (Dioscorea esculenta L.)","authors":"D. S. Retnowati, R. Ratnawati, A. C. Kumoro","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.43-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.43-48","url":null,"abstract":"Gembili or wild white yam (Dioscorea esculenta L.) is one of underutilized tubers that can be found during dry season in Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries. Although it has been consumed as staple food by people for centuries during famine, no further studies have been conducted to explore its potentials in food applications. This work aims to study the preparation, characterization and potential analysis of Gembili flour for use as raw material in novel foods development. Creamy white flour was obtained from white yam tuber from milling and sieving of dried tuber chips. The flour has water content about 12.08%, which is acceptable for storage. No lipid was detected. In addition, the protein, ash, and fiber content of the flour were respectively 3.00%, 1.27%, and 9.04%. The carbohydrate and amylose contents of the flour were 86.69% and 29.92% indicating its suitability for energy source. As expected, the cyanide content is very low of about 1.688 ppm suggesting that it is safe for consumption. Refer to those properties, Gembili flour can be a promising raw material for the preparation of bakery, cookies, noodle and confectioneries.Keywords: proximate composition, flour, white yam, food, preparation","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73873147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Activated Carbon Derived From OPEFB by One Step Steam Activation and Its Application for Dye Adsorption : Kinetics and Isothermal Studies OPEFB一步蒸汽活化制备的活性炭及其在染料吸附中的应用:动力学和等温研究

Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-08-11 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.68-76

F. P. Sari, D. Yanto, G. Pari

{"title":"Activated Carbon Derived From OPEFB by One Step Steam Activation and Its Application for Dye Adsorption : Kinetics and Isothermal Studies","authors":"F. P. Sari, D. Yanto, G. Pari","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.68-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.19.2.68-76","url":null,"abstract":"Activated carbon was prepared from OPEFB by one step steam activation method. The adsorption performance for the removal of acid orange 52 (AO 52), reactive blue 19 (RB 19), basic violet 1 (BV 1) was investigated. Each dye has a different chemical structure such as azoic, anthraquinone, triarylmethane for AO 52, RB 19, and BV 1 respectively. The effects of adsorbent dosage, pH, and contact time on the adsorption process were studied. Experimental data were analyzed by model equations such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms and it was found that the Langmuir isotherm model best fitted for all three dyes with R2 values is higher than 0.95. Langmuir model assumes a homogeneous nature and monolayer coverage of dye molecules at the outer surface of activated carbon. Adsorption kinetics was determined using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order rate equations, Elovich model and also intraparticle diffusion models. Kinetic studies showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model better described the adsorption process with R2 values exceeds 0,99 compared with the other kinetics model. The SEM images showed AC pores was well developed with steam activation while wider porosity is created in the macropore range. FT-IR analysis had shown that the AC functional groups were disappeared because of vaporization the volatile materials when the heating process. Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorption Isotherms, Kinetic, OPEFB, Steam Activation","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83407738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Back Matter 回到问题

Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-05-10 DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.19.1.xxx-xxx

D. Ariyanti

引用次数: 0

Investigating Mass Transfer Phenomena in Batch Solvent Extraction of Rice Bran Oil 间歇溶剂萃取米糠油传质现象的研究

Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-05-10 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.1-10

L. Aliwarga

{"title":"Investigating Mass Transfer Phenomena in Batch Solvent Extraction of Rice Bran Oil","authors":"L. Aliwarga","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.1-10","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we will point out the correlation of critical parameters in designing scale-up of process equipment for commercial rice bran oil extraction with different types of rice paddy, solvent, and physicochemical condition. Advantageously, this research was also intended to enhance the discoveries of novel sustainable production method for resilient agro-based food, energy, and chemical industries. In our experiment, the extraction of rice bran oil was organised in a batch agitated vessel and showed a profile of first order system. The most important factors which profoundly contributed towards the yield of rice bran oil from Saigon I and PadiBesar variety are temperature (T), impeller speed (N), ratio of bran to solvent (s/L), and ratio of impeller’s height-off bottom to tank diameter (h/d). For the mass transfer constant and the rate of extraction as consequence, factors that significantly influenced the correlation were temperature (T), impeller speed (N), ratio of impeller diameter to tank diameter (d/D), and ratio of impeller’s height-off bottom to tank diameter (h/d). For the dimensionless yield, generalised equation is provided with coefficient of determination 0.95, while that of the mass transfer equals to 0.63, reflecting the yield correlation to be more accurate in predicting further experimental results. These correlations are furthermore unique for different rice varieties, of which in this case belongs to Saigon I. Application for other rice species is relevant as by inserting additional correction factor which also exemplified in this research for PadiBesar. Keywords: rice bran oil; batch extraction; storage time; mass transfer, rate, yield","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81073667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Effect of Esterification on Cassava Starch: Physicochemical Properties and Expansion Ability 酯化对木薯淀粉的影响:理化性质和膨胀能力

Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-05-10 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.34-41

S. Sumardiono, Listiyana Riska, B. Jos, Isti Pudjiastuti

{"title":"Effect of Esterification on Cassava Starch: Physicochemical Properties and Expansion Ability","authors":"S. Sumardiono, Listiyana Riska, B. Jos, Isti Pudjiastuti","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.34-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.34-41","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the characteristic of cassava starch have been developed through esterification reaction using ethyl lactate. Commercial cassava starch was modified by using (0.5; 0.75; 1.00; 1.25; 1.50 % v/v) ethyl lactate solution with pH 6, 7, 8, 9 for 15, 25, 35, 45, 55 minutes and the drained starch was dried with sun drying. The cassava starch which has been esterified with 1.5% ethyl lactate for 15 minutes pH 6 gave highest volume expansion of 2,438.9 %. For swelling power, the highest value was 19.32 swelling power at variable concentrations of 1.5% ester, esterification period of 15 minutes, and pH 6. The lowest amylose content was 15.68 % in ester concentration of 1.5 %. From the scanning electron micrograph, shows that the cassava starch after and before modification has not changed since the modifications performed under the gelatinization temperature. FTIR spectra of native cassava starch and ester cassava starch shown shift of the carboxyl group of starch from 1072.37 to 1087.80 cm-1 and a decrease in the OH group is from 3452.53 to 3417.81 cm-1. Bond formed indicates that the esterification reaction occurs between cassava starch with ethyl lactate esters. Keywords: volume expansion, cassava starch, ester starch, ethyle lactate, modified starch","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88233498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Encapsulation of Soursop (Annona muricata Linn.) Leaf Tea Extract Using Natural Mucilage 番荔枝的包封用天然粘液提取的茶叶提取物

Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-05-10 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.26-33

M. Cornelia, K. Natania, Herry Cahyana, Edison Sutiyono

{"title":"Encapsulation of Soursop (Annona muricata Linn.) Leaf Tea Extract Using Natural Mucilage","authors":"M. Cornelia, K. Natania, Herry Cahyana, Edison Sutiyono","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.26-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.26-33","url":null,"abstract":"The bioactively rich soursop leaf extract can be encapsulated inside several natural coating materials. The extract of soursop leaf has been found to contain many bioactive compounds such as various phenolic compounds that are beneficial for anticancer, antidiabetic and many other health benefits. However due to the sensitive nature of the bioactive molecules, encapsulation procedure was applied to prolong the activity of the biomolecules. Capsule materials used in this experiment were obtained from natural extract of Okra mucilage, Aloe vera mucilage and Maltodextrin-WPI mixture to protect the unstable bioactive compounds. Homogenation time using ultrasonication and Core to Coating ratio was differed to observe the optimum encapsulation process. The encapsulation efficiency, release factor ability, size distribution and its correlation with bioactive stability are observed using Total Phenolic methods and Antioxidant Activity before and after encapsulation. Aloe vera gave best encapsulation efficiency (88-91%) while microcapsule made with Okra gave the best antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50 633-710ppm), and maltodextrin-WPI gave best powder recovery (yield 70-73%). Keywords: aloe mucilage, antioxidant activity, encapsulation, okra mucilage, soursop tea extract","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75955364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Treatment Of Tofu Industry Wastewater Using Bioreactor Anaerobic-Aerobic And Bioball As Media With Variation Of Hidraulic Retention Time 厌氧-好氧生物反应器和生物球处理豆腐工业废水的水力停留时间变化研究

Reaktor Pub Date : 2019-05-10 DOI: 10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.18-25

A. D. Astuti, D. Ayu

{"title":"Treatment Of Tofu Industry Wastewater Using Bioreactor Anaerobic-Aerobic And Bioball As Media With Variation Of Hidraulic Retention Time","authors":"A. D. Astuti, D. Ayu","doi":"10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.18-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/REAKTOR.19.1.18-25","url":null,"abstract":"Tofu which is made by grinding soy bean, generates huge amount of wastewater and thus considered as one of the most polluted food-industrial effluent owing to its high values of organic contents. The small industries of tofu preparation process release the wastewater directly into the water body without being treated first. Prior to discharge this wastewater into the waterbody, the wastewater must be treated to reduce the possibility of negative impact and the contamination of the waterbody. For these small industries, the best alternative of wastewater treatment is one which has the following criteria: easy in operation, low cost operation, low volumes of sludge produced, and can be used in high concentration wastewater. In this research, bioreactor anaerobic-aerobic with media bioball is used. The highest removal efficiency of COD took place in anaerobic zones. Bioreactors were operated with the variations of retention time at 24 hours, 18 hours, and 12 hours. The COD removal efficiency for Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 24 hours, 18 hours and 12 hours were found 90.3% (organic loading rate is 15.1 kg COD/m3.day), 84.4% and 76.3% respectively. The experiment showed that the longer of the hydraulic retention time (HRT), the higher the removal efficiency could be achieved. These occurred because a longer HRT will extend the contact time between wastewater and microorganisms attached. Therefore, microorganisms have a longer time to degrade organic matter in wastewater. Although the removal efficiency in these three-HRT was found high, the effluent of the reactor was still above the effluent standard based on regulation of Ministry of Environmental Permen LH No. 5/2014. Kinetics using Eckenfelder Equation results R2 equal to 0.9991, n equal to 0.293 and K equivalent to 7.3577 mg/L. Keywords: tofu wastewater, anaerobe, aerobe, bioball, wastewater, treatment, attached growth","PeriodicalId":20874,"journal":{"name":"Reaktor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86868372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

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