Prostate International最新文献

{"title":"Comparisons of three scoring systems based on biparametric magnetic resonance imaging for prediction of clinically significant prostate cancer","authors":"Wei Li, Haibing Xu, Wenwen Shang, Guohui Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prnil.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we aimed to validate and compare three scoring systems based on biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI) for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in biopsy-naïve patients. In this study, we included patients who underwent MRI examinations between January 2018 and December 2022, with MRI-targeted fusion biopsy (MRGB) as the reference standard. The MRI findings were categorized using three bpMRI-based scorings, in all of them the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was the dominant sequence for peripheral zone (PZ) and T2-weighed imaging (T2WI) was the dominant sequence for transition zone (TZ). We also used the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version (PI-RADS) v2.1 to evaluate each lesion. For each scoring, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC). The calculated AUC for three bpMRI-based scorings were 83.2% (95% CI 78.8%–87.6%), 85.0% (95% CI 80.8%–89.3%), 82.9% (95% CI 78.4%–87.5%), and 86.0% (95% CI 81.8%–90.1%), respectively. Scoring 2 exhibited significantly superior performance than scoring 1 ( = 0.01) and scoring 3 ( < 0.001). Moreover, the accuracy of scoring 2 was not decreased significantly as compared to PI-RADS v2.1 ( = 0.05). There was no significant difference between 3 bpMRI-based scorings and with PI-RADS in TZ. However, although scoring 2 yielded the highest AUC, it was still notably inferior to PI-RADS ( = 0.02). All three bpMRI-based scorings demonstrated favorite diagnostic accuracy, and scoring 2 performed significantly better than the other two bpMRI-based scorings. Notably, scoring 2 was not significantly inferior to the full-sequence PI-RADS v2.1 in terms of sensitivity and specificity.","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between behavioral habits and physical health status in prostate cancer patients: a large US national health-related survey","authors":"Chang-Rong Chen, Logan Briggs, Mara Koelker, Benjamin V. Stone, Khalid Alkhatib, Muhieddine Labban, Alberto Briganti, Francesco Montorsi, Giorgio Gandaglia, Quoc-Dien Trinh","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prnil.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of behavioral habits such as exercise on the physical health of prostate cancer (PCa) patients is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate PCa patients' exercise habits and the association between exercise and self-reported physical health status. The 2016–2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) databases were used to identify men with a history of PCa. We identified patients with self-reported PCa diagnosis and excluded the non-male gender respondents in the self-reported PCa patients. We performed descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis examining the association between exercise and poor physical health status. Our exposure of interest was the amount of physical exercise, and primary outcome was poor physical health status, defined as >14 self-reported days per month when patients felt “physical health is not good.” Covariates included age, body mass index (BMI), income, treatment, smoking, and exercise frequency. From 2,193,981 weighted survey participants, we identified 3,952 men with a history of PCa. Of these, 75% of participants reported exercise within the last month. In adjusted analyses among men with a history of PCa, exercise (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.40–0.64, < 0.001) was associated with lower odds of poor physical health status. Other independent predictors of poor physical health included income (High: OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.18–0.41, < 0.01), BMI (underweight: OR 3.78, 95% CI 1.38–10.37, = 0.01), treatment status (Active: OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.05–2.94, = 0.03), smoking status (Active: OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.13–2.38, = 0.01). Our BRFSS cross-sectional study concluded that exercise among men with a history of PCa, even once per month, is associated with decreased odds of self-reported poor physical health; therefore, exercise programs should be considered for sedentary PCa patients.","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular risks of Asian patients on androgen-receptor-targeted agents for prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Lin Kyaw, Qi Y. Lim, Yu X.T. Law, Chloe S.H. Ong, Wei T. Loke, Edmund Chiong, Ho Y. Tiong","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prnil.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer is now one of the most prevalent cancers in men in Asia. As the average life expectancy of Asian males with prostate cancer increases with the availability of treatment options, the possible risk of cardiac-related adverse effects arising from androgen-receptor-targeted agents (ARTAs) may be increased due to the greater exposure. We aim to perform a meta-analysis on the incidence of cardiac-related adverse events in Asian patients with prostate cancer treated with ARTAs. Databases were thoroughly searched for relevant articles. The Patient Intervention Comparison Outcome Study type model was used to frame our clinical question, and 2 independent authors went through several rounds of screening to select the final included studies. A meta-analysis was conducted using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel method. Quality assessment was carried out with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool RoB 2. Seven randomized controlled trials were included for the final meta-analysis. Use of ARTA in Asian men did not show any significant increase in the total number of cardiac-related adverse events (risk ratio [RR]: 1.66 [0.84–3.26], p = 0.14). However, there was increase in incidence of hypertension (RR: 2.30 [1.41–3.73], p = 0.0008) and hypertension crises (RR: 16.87 [2.13–133.34], p = 0.007). A subgroup analysis of the type of ARTA used showed enzalutamide having the highest risk of hypertension (RR: 5.86 [2.10–16.38], p = 0.0008). :Although ARTAs did not show any significant increase in incidence of cardiac-related adverse events, there is an increased risk of hypertension especially with the use of enzalutamide. With this knowledge, closer blood pressure monitoring is needed for patients started on ARTA, especially enzalutamide.","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between preradiation therapy prostate-specific antigen levels and radiation therapy failure after prostatectomy: a propensity score matched analysis","authors":"Younsoo Chung ,&nbsp;Sang Hun Song ,&nbsp;Hakmin Lee ,&nbsp;Jong Ho Park ,&nbsp;Sung Kyu Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>We sought to determine the association between the pre-radiation therapy prostate-specific antigen (pre-RT PSA) 0.5 and RT failure in post-radical prostatectomy (post-RP) patients. Our study also investigated the prognostic factors for the failure of RT given concurrently with hormone therapy (HT) after RP.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>We retrospectively reviewed our institutional RP data from July 2004 to November 2021. Patients without concurrent hormone therapy were excluded. Propensity score matching was performed. Kaplan–Meier (KM) curve analysis was employed for RT failure-free survival, overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Cox regression analysis was used for the RT failure hazard ratio (HR).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After propensity score matching, 193 patients were assigned to the pre-RT PSA ≥0.5 (high-P) arm, and 193 patients were assigned to the pre-RT PSA &lt;0.5 (low-P) arm. There were no significant differences between the two arms after propensity score matching in terms of baseline characteristics and pathologic outcomes. High-P was associated with RT failure-free survival (<em>P</em> = 0.004), OS (<em>P</em> = 0.046), and CSS (<em>P</em> = 0.027). In a multi-variable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, seminal vesicle invasion, lymph node invasion, the absence of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and high-P were identified as significant risk factors for RT failure.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>High-P was significantly unfavorable with RT failure-free survival, OS, and CSS in patients who underwent RT after radical prostatectomy with concurrent HT. Seminal vesicle invasion, lymph node invasion, and the absence of PIN were identified as significant prognostic factors for RT failure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 90-95"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2287888224000059/pdfft?md5=1a328ae2b6adac464828d10be09cd55b&pid=1-s2.0-S2287888224000059-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of obesity and sexual behavior on prostate cancer risk is mediated by testosterone levels: a mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis","authors":"Huajie Di ,&nbsp;Yi Wen ,&nbsp;Junyan Wang ,&nbsp;Jiayu Wang ,&nbsp;Yeqing Wang ,&nbsp;Yuan Li ,&nbsp;Fanghao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The relationship between obesity, sexual behavior, and prostate cancer (PCa) has been widely debated, contributing to a lack of understanding of its potential mechanisms and hindering the development of effective prevention measures.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The aim of this study was to examine the causal effect of body mass index (BMI), age at first sexual intercourse (AFS), and bioavailable testosterone levels on PCa while also quantifying the potential roles of mediators.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary statistics from genome-wide associations of BMI (152,893 European males), AFS (182,791 European males), bioavailable testosterone (184,205 European males), and PCa (79,148 cases, 61,106 controls, European ancestry). Inverse-variance weighted method, weighted median method, MR-Egger regression, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), and outlier test were used for MR analyses. Reverse MR and mediation analysis were performed. Data analyses were conducted from December 2022 to July 2023.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that genetic liability to BMI was protective of PCa (OR, 0.82; 95% CI: 0.74-0.91; <em>P</em> = 3.29 × 10⁻⁴). Genetic liability to later AFS (OR, 1.28; 95% CI: 1.08-1.53; <em>P</em> = 5.64 × 10⁻³) and higher bioavailable testosterone levels (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.24, <em>P</em> = 0.04) were associated with an increased risk of PCa. All of these potential causal effects could only be forwarded and were not affected by prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening. After controlling for bioavailable testosterone levels, the causal impact of BMI and AFS on PCa was no longer significant. The mediation analysis suggested that the causal influence of AFS/BMI on PCa relied on bioavailable testosterone levels.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In conclusion, the difference between the univariable and multivariable MR results suggested that the causal influence of BMI and AFS on PCa relied on bioavailable testosterone levels. Further work is needed to identify other risk factors and to elucidate the specific mechanisms that underlie this causal pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 96-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2287888224000230/pdfft?md5=ff5b57541bc01564214d012434eb8ab7&pid=1-s2.0-S2287888224000230-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140399036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propensity score matched analysis of functional outcome in five thousand cases of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy versus high-intensity focused ultrasound","authors":"Junhyun Nam ,&nbsp;Jung Kwon Kim ,&nbsp;Jong Jin Oh ,&nbsp;Sangchul Lee ,&nbsp;Seok-Soo Byun ,&nbsp;Sung Kyu Hong ,&nbsp;Sang Hun Song","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>To evaluate functional outcome after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation for prostate cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We retrospectively reviewed 4,983 RARP and 230 HIFU procedures performed at a single tertiary center. A 1:4 ratio propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to achieve baseline equivalence in age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, clinical stage, prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, biopsy grade, and number of positive cores. Functional outcomes based on International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) scores, and incontinence rates were evaluated at 6, 12, and 24 months.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>total of 193 HIFU cases matched to 760 cases of RARP, were included. No differences were observed in perioperative IPSS at all follow-up periods. Despite comparative erectile function at baseline, HIFU showed significantly better erectile function preservation compared to RARP, with mean IIEF-5 scores of 9.5 versus 4.8, 9.5 versus 5.8, and 8.4 versus 6.7 at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Pad-free rates at 6 and 12 months were comparable, with over 96% achieving continence at 12 months in both groups, although the rate of ≤1 pad/day at last follow-up was slightly better in HIFU (98.9% vs. 96.7%, <em>P</em> = 0.049). Subgroup analysis on partial (PGA) and whole gland ablation (WGA) showed no differences in IIEF-5 and incontinence but increased voiding difficulty in WGA versus PGA after 12 months of therapy (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Preoperative IIEF-5 ≥17 and HIFU were significant predictors of early erectile function recovery at 6 months (HR 4.4 and 5.0; all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). No differences were observed in treatment-free survival between PGA, WGA, and RARP.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>HIFU shows better performance in early recovery and preservation of erectile function after treatment for prostate cancer without increasing the risk of treatment failure. Patients with moderate to severe erectile dysfunction (IIEF-5 &lt;17) prior to surgery should be warned of poor recovery after treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 104-109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2287888224000242/pdfft?md5=f1637b0c9f5fa45b613b5aec5c2d86ba&pid=1-s2.0-S2287888224000242-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140407001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between pelvic lymph node dissection and survival among patients with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy","authors":"Isaac E. Kim Jr. ,&nbsp;Aaron H. Wang ,&nbsp;George S. Corpuz ,&nbsp;Preston C. Sprenkle ,&nbsp;Michael S. Leapman ,&nbsp;Joseph M. Brito ,&nbsp;Joseph Renzulli ,&nbsp;Isaac Yi Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Although the clinical benefits of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) at the time of radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer remain uncertain, major guidelines recommend PLND based on risk profile. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the association between PLND and survival among patients undergoing RP stratified by Gleason grade group (GG) with the aim of allowing patients and physicians to make more informed care decisions about the potential risks and benefits of PLND.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>From the SEER-17 database, we examined overall (OS) and prostate cancer-specific (PCSS) survival of prostate cancer patients who underwent RP from 2010 to 2015 stratified by GG. We applied propensity score matching to balance pre-operative characteristics including race, age, PSA, household income, and housing status (urban/rural) between patients who did and did not undergo PLND for each GG. Statistical analyses included log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier curves.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We extracted a matched cohort from 80,287 patients with GG1-5 who underwent RP. The median PSA value was 6.0 ng/mL, and the median age was 62-years-old. 49,453 patients underwent PLND (61.60%), while 30,834 (38.40%) did not. There was no difference in OS and PCSS between patients who received PLND and those who did not for all Gleason GG (OS–GG1: <em>P</em> = 0.20, GG2: <em>P</em> = 0.34, GG3: <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05, GG4: <em>P</em> = 0.55, GG5: <em>P</em> = 0.47; PCSS–GG1: <em>P</em> = 0.11, GG2: <em>P</em> = 0.96, GG3: <em>P</em> = 0.81, GG4: <em>P</em> = 0.22, GG5: <em>P</em> = 0.14).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In this observational study, PLND at the time of RP was not associated with improved OS or PCSS among patients with cGS of 3 + 3, 3 + 4, 4 + 3, 4 + 4, 4 + 5, and 5 + 4. These findings suggest that until definitive clinical trials are completed, prostate cancer patients who have elected RP should be appropriately counseled on the potential risks and lack of proven survival benefit of PLND.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 70-78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2287888224000023/pdfft?md5=0ca840c0e08106ea2975754f1f3bfaba&pid=1-s2.0-S2287888224000023-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139828666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between depression, anxiety and lower urinary tract symptoms in men","authors":"Yu Seob Shin ,&nbsp;Kiran Kumar Soni ,&nbsp;Dong Yun Lee ,&nbsp;Sung Chul Kam","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) often experience comorbid depression and anxiety, yet the mechanisms underlying this association remain incompletely understood. This prospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between depression, anxiety, and LUTS in men.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A prospective study was conducted with 350 male patients who underwent urologic examinations at our institution from January 2021 to December 2021. Of these, 131 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Various questionnaires, including the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), as well as LUTS examinations (prostate-specific antigen test, transrectal ultrasonography, and urine flowmetry), were administered.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the 350 patients, 131 were included in the analysis, with an average age of 58.0 ± 13.69 years. The total IPSS was 18.0 ± 8.69, with the average voiding symptom score at 8.7 ± 5.19 and the average storage symptom score at 6.0 ± 3.27. Both anxiety and depression were found to be correlated with LUTS (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). After adjusting for age, hypertension, and diabetes, anxiety (but not depression) was significantly associated with LUTS based on regression analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Men with LUTS are more likely to experience anxiety. Therefore, it is essential to assess and address anxiety when managing men with LUTS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 86-89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2287888224000047/pdfft?md5=b0ad1e4c42a40a8a646787b57382c304&pid=1-s2.0-S2287888224000047-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140005439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risks and side effects in the medical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia","authors":"Abdulghafour Halawani ,&nbsp;Ryan Paterson ,&nbsp;Tianshuang Zhong ,&nbsp;Katie Du ,&nbsp;Runhan Ren ,&nbsp;Connor M. Forbes","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Benign prostatic hyperplasia affects up to 80% of men in their lifetime. It causes bladder outflow obstruction, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms, which can have a large impact on quality of life. Lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy are often offered as first-line treatments for patients. These include alpha blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, anticholinergics, B3-agonists, and desmopressin. While often well tolerated, these pharmacotherapies do have significant side effects, which both clinicians and patients should understand and discuss in order to make an informed treatment decision among alternatives. The purpose of this review is to provide a current overview of the risks and side effects of commonly used medications in benign prostatic hyperplasia management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 57-64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2287888223000612/pdfft?md5=c109359cfa332b99fd9e90dc0c24fee7&pid=1-s2.0-S2287888223000612-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does androgenic alopecia aggravate the risk of prostate cancer? Evidence from Mendelian randomization","authors":"Xianghua Shi ,&nbsp;Yuan Pan ,&nbsp;Jianhua Liu ,&nbsp;Fei Luo ,&nbsp;Binbin Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Hu ,&nbsp;Kai Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Epidemiological reports indicate a potential association between androgenic alopecia (AGA) and increased prostate cancer (PC) prevalence, but conflicting reports also exist. This study aims to elucidate the causality of AGA on PC risk using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Two-sample MR analyses utilized public genome-wide association studies summary data for single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with AGA. Four statistical methods were used: inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode, with IVW as the preliminary estimation method. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to address pleiotropic bias.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Genetically proxied AGA did not demonstrate a causal effect on PC risk (IVW <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Consistently, complementary methods yielded results aligned with IVW.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our MR analysis indicates no causal relationship between genetically predicted AGA and PC risk, suggesting that observed associations in epidemiological studies may not be causal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 110-115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2287888224000266/pdfft?md5=4a15fc861ca5748549ec52b1499355f2&pid=1-s2.0-S2287888224000266-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140769253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}