2015 IST-Africa Conference最新文献

{"title":"Learning from nowhere, preliminary experiments","authors":"B. Apolloni, G. Galliani, Matteo Gioia, S. Bassis, L. Ferrari","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190584","url":null,"abstract":"We instantiate a social things paradigm in terms of a social network of facts which drives our household appliances in our name. The appliances are connected to the network, directly receiving the sequence of instructions (parameter/value pairs) constituting the recipe to perform a task requested by the user. The recipes are issued by the computational intelligence algorithms in the core of the social network. In this paper we describe the strongholds of this ecosystem, (that we realized in the frame of the EU project Social&Smart) in terms of: 1. a unprecedented architecture of Internet of Things, 2. an open source information infrastructure, 3. a new networked intelligence paradigm and 4. an innovative business model for the household appliances manufacturing and retailing.","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"2020 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114899536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A demographics data exchange for continuity of care: Is it feasible in low-resource settings?","authors":"R. Manjomo, Soyapi L. Mumba, Blessings Mhango, Chimwemwe Kachaje, Mwatha Bwanali, S. Mwakilama, Dave Phiri, G. Douglas, O. Gadabu","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190583","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Continuity of care is critical in the delivery of health care services between health departments in a health facility and across different health facilities. It is mostly achieved through the use of unique patient identifiers, electronic medical record systems (EMRs), and data connectivity services, which promote access to and exchange of data of patients who seek care from multiple providers. While such systems have supported improved continuity of care in developed countries, most low-resource countries such as Malawi are still in their infancy stages. The demographic data exchange (DDE) has been used as a master patient index in Malawi to realize continuity of information for patients who visit different departments at a health facility or move across different facilities. Objectives: To assess how the demographic data exchange has performed since its deployment in the year 2012 at few selected pilot health facilities in Malawi in facilitating continuity of information. Methods: We carried out a preliminary assessment of the DDE between August 2012 and December, 2014 in order to explore the extent to which it facilitated exchange of patients information across health facilities or across departments within a facility. Logs of patient identifiers saved at the facilities were analysed. Results: By December 1, 2014, 450,164 had been served with unique patient identifiers. Out of these, 4,448 ( 1%) were reported to have visited other health facilities and had their demographic data exchanged transferred between the health facilities they visited. 30,697 (7%) patients had been registered in more than one module of EMRs within each of the selected facilities using the same unique identifiers. Conclusion: The DDE has facilitated linkage of patient demographics records across health departments and facilities, thereby improved continuity of health information, despite challenges of network connectivity and a robust distributed architecture. Recommendation: Exchange of demographic data using nationally unique health identifiers and a robust distributed architecture should be piloted to strengthen information continuity. However, the quality of data connectivity services outside urban areas needs to be improved.","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127547442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A model for mobile phone adoption in maternal healthcare","authors":"Gorretti Byomire, Gilbert Maiga","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190562","url":null,"abstract":"Uganda's maternal mortality ratio persists at 435/100,000 live births. Progress towards the country's target ratio of 131/100,000 live births, as derived from Millennium Development Goal five remains slow. Mobile phones usage by women and midwives has created opportunities for improving maternal and child healthcare. Despite the promise of mobile health on clinical outcomes, the adoption of mobile phones for maternal healthcare in Uganda remains low. The aim of this study was to develop a model for the adoption of mobile phones in maternal healthcare. Using a survey, the study identified factors for successful Adoption of Mobile Phones in Maternal Healthcare. Maternal healthcare professionals were used as respondents. The results indicate the adoption mobile phone in maternal healthcare should put into consideration the seven dimensions of: perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, facilitating conditions, social influence, perceived value, workflow practices and behavioural intention to use as factors for successful of adoption of mobile phones in maternal healthcare.","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122385851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Good corporate governance of ICT in municipalities","authors":"P. Delport, Rossouw von Solms, M. Gerber","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190532","url":null,"abstract":"Effective service delivery through a municipality in general is important. ICT plays a major role in service delivery. Various best practices and standards indicate that the municipal council must take full responsibility and accountability for the corporate governance of ICT. According to the Auditor General, in the South African context, this is not being done. With this existing lack of responsibility and accountability, the municipal council does not fully support the corporate governance of ICT in a municipality. Through the extensive use of a literature survey and document analysis, guidelines have been defined to address this lack. These guidelines can possibly aid a municipal council in the corporate governance of ICT in municipalities. This not only applies to South Africa, but also to the rest of Africa.","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114366718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using TV White Spaces and e-Learning in South African rural schools","authors":"M. Masonta, T. Ramoroka, A. Lysko","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190564","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses the example of the television white space (TVWS) project in Limpopo Province of South Africa to consider benefits of TVWS technology to enable e-Learning environment and introduce pupils and teachers previously unfamiliar with Internet to information and communication technologies (ICT) including Internet. The Limpopo TVWS project uses TVWS to provide broadband Internet to five schools which are up to 10 km away around the University of Limpopo (UL) in the rural Mankweng Township. Each one of the participating five schools was donated 31 tablets, an overhead projector and smart phone to enable e-learning delivery. The paper presents preliminary results on a socio-economic study conducted at the five participating schools, and also discusses various benefits of availability of connectivity and of e-Learning.","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123643430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Structural Equation Model for data warehouse adoption in a government department","authors":"Edzai Kademeteme, B. Kalema, P. Pretorius","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190533","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to design a data warehouse framework in government departments. Based on the Theory of Task Technology Fit, The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and the Technology Organization Environment model, a conceptual framework was designed that was validated with data collected from South African department of rural development and land reform (DRDLR). The collected data was analysed quantitatively using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), and the findings indicated that; performance expectancy, effort expectancy, behavioural intention, environmental and technological characteristics were significant for the adoption of data warehouse (DW). The framework developed by this study will act as a baseline in implementing DW, hence helping government departments to avoid having failed DW projects. This framework also provides a baseline for researches of technology adoption not only in government departments but also in other organizations.","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130238172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-Education adoption in emerging economy countries: Case of Malawi","authors":"Marian Mtingwi","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190567","url":null,"abstract":"A considerable amount of money worldwide is being spent on education to fast track social-economic growth of countries. The introduction of electronic education (e-Education) has made significant change in the education sector with the teacher's role being changed from teacher to instructor. The Malawi Government is interesting in leveraging eEducation to reduce the gap in achieving better and quality education between rural and urban schools. A case study was conducted to find e-Education best practices being used by other countries to eliminate the gap. The Republic of South Korea as the leading country in the world on ICT Development Indicators as of 2011 and Republic of Kenya which is using the same education system as Malawi were selected as case study countries. The Technology Organization Environment (TOE) theoretical framework was used to collect and analyze the secondary data. e-Education can be achieved using mobile devices using mEducation applications. The results of the study showed that in TOE “organization and environment” contexts are the crucial areas for e-Education adoption. Taking the Malawi case, top management's leading role; coordination between the players; enabling “policies and regulations” and continuous funding of the education projects can help smoothen the implementation and sustenance of e-Education. The study recommends establishment of an ICT fund for continuity and success of e-Education implementation. The results of this case study can also be applied to other emerging economy countries when implementing e-Education or any technology adoption.","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132892282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile e-learning: The choice between Responsive/Mobile Websites and Mobile Applications for Virtual Learning Environments for increasing access to Higher Education in Malawi","authors":"Chifundo Chilivumbo","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190520","url":null,"abstract":"This study seeks to look into deployment of open source virtual learning environments, such as Moodle, for developing country situations using Malawi as a case study. The study makes specific focus on mobile devices with a specific focus on mobile phones. Mobile access to learning environments is an innovative way to use mobile networks to increase access to education. This is also in line with the Malawi Governments Policy to increase access to higher education through Open Distance Learning. The study will look into the most common medium for access to information by students at the University of Malawi's Polytechnic, the mobile smart phone. Finally the study analyzes the effect of mobile internet services on access to web applications. The study has provided recommendations on the best practices for mobile-learning usage with virtual learning environments. The study recommendations are relevant for public policy makers that are working towards increasing access to higher education.","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114491339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile government in African Least Developed Countries (LDCs): Proposed Implementing framework","authors":"J. Mtingwi","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190566","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile government (M-government) is being used in some developed and developing countries. It facilitates the main stakeholders and government officials to perform their responsibilities with speed and accuracy to enhance the desired transparency and accountability. The major goals of mobile E-government are to enhance accountability and to deliver essential services to general public by government officials at a reduced cost. Many Least Developed Countries (LDCs) are struggling to implement E-government but have access to mobile technologies especially cellular phones in their respective residential areas (rural and urban). The Case study for M-government Proposed Implementing framework is Malawi. Mobile network coverage in most LDCs is above 85% which means M-government is the likely alternative in areas where E-government is failing. It is important for LDCs to leapfrog E-government to M-government using the modern technologies such as mobile/wireless network and mobile devices. The research has proposed M-government Implementing Framework due to absence of a specific LDCs' M-government implementing framework. It is important that LDCs' leadership should ensure to shift to M-government because it does not require massive investments since private sector has already deployed the enabling infrastructures. Many government's operations will simple and accurate. Mobile government enables stakeholders to interact with governments directly. Stakeholders will be comfortable to have their contributions to the management of governments using mobile technologies (applications and devices). LDCs governments should increase their national Information Communication Technology (ICT) budget lines and improve national ICT literacy levels. There are also relevant instruments to regulate use of mobile technologies. Culture is not a hindrance to the acquisition mobile technologies","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"298 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114852663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging health through early warning systems using mobile and service oriented technology","authors":"S. Namuye, Melanie Platz, Paul M. Okanda, Leah Mutanu","doi":"10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2015.7190572","url":null,"abstract":"The provision of information on emerging dangerous circumstances in order to reduce the risks before they occur has triggered a lot of research interest in the recent past. The development of early warning systems for disaster risk management has become the focus of numerous global strategies for development. Early warning systems are surveillance systems that collect information on epidemic-prone issues such as diseases in order to trigger prompt public interventions. While the Government of Kenya is doing a lot to improve the quality of health of its citizen, by providing low cost health centers and subsidized drugs for treatment, a lot still needs to be done to prevent epidemics. Disasters wipe out decades of human progress and development in just a few seconds. The recent outbreak of Ebola in West Africa is one such example. Information and communication technology (ICT) can help developing countries tackle a wide range of health problems. This research was triggered by the need to investigate how ICT can be used to leverage medical health issues development in developing countries through innovative concepts. The study was initially funded by the National Council for Science and Technology supported by United States International University to investigate how to leverage health information access through mobile technology. A pilot survey was carried out on health information requirements in different peri-urban areas and the initial results were presented in the IST-Africa 2014 conference. The presentation led to collaboration with the Institute of Mathematics of the University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany, to develop an early warning system that would be tested in Kenya. This paper presents the final results of the funded project as well as the initial results of the models developed from the collaboration.","PeriodicalId":208344,"journal":{"name":"2015 IST-Africa Conference","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114878768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}