Hemamalini Chandrashekhar, Bijal Shah, Jaya Mangal, Todd Stitik, Gary Heir
{"title":"Temporal artery ultrasonography for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis: a case report.","authors":"Hemamalini Chandrashekhar, Bijal Shah, Jaya Mangal, Todd Stitik, Gary Heir","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b4938419","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b4938419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orofacial pain is a worldwide pain problem, with many patients unable to find appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Orofacial pain includes pain arising from the odontogenic and nonodontogenic structures in the head and neck region. Dental clinicians need to have a thorough knowledge and skill to diagnose, manage, and treat patients with odontogenic pain or refer patients for treatment of nonodontogenic pain to specialists such as orofacial pain specialists, neurologists, otolaryngologists, and rheumatologists. More often, dental practitioners diagnose patients with a temporomandibular disorder (TMD), and when treatment is ineffective, term it \"atypical facial pain.\" The first requirement for effective treatment is an accurate diagnosis. Dental clinicians must be aware of giant cell arteritis (GCA), a chronic large-vessel vasculitis, primarily affecting adults over the age of 50 years, as it frequently mimics and is misdiagnosed as TMD. GCA is associated with loss of vision, and stroke and can be a life-threatening disorder. Therefore, diagnostic testing for GCA and differential diagnosis should be common knowledge in the armamentarium of all dental clinicians. Historically, temporal artery biopsy was considered the definitive diagnostic test for GCA. Temporal artery ultrasound (TAUSG), a safe and noninvasive imaging modality, has replaced the previous diagnostic gold standard for GCA, the temporal artery biopsy, owing to its enhanced diagnostic capabilities and safety profile. The present case report describes a patient with GCA, and the role TAUSG played in the diagnosis. Case report: A 72-year-old woman presented with left-sided facial pain, jaw claudication, dysesthesia of the tongue, and episodic loss of vision of 2 years' duration. She was diagnosed with and treated for a myriad of dental conditions including endodontia and temporomandibular joint therapy with no benefit. A thorough history and physical examination, combined with serologic analysis, led to the diagnosis of GCA and TAUSG, which confirmed the diagnosis. Conclusion: This report underscores the responsibility of differential diagnosis and early recognition of GCA facilitated by TAUSG in optimizing treatment outcomes as a viable, noninvasive diagnostic tool. (Quintessence Int 2024;55:336-343; doi: 10.3290/j.qi.b4938419).</p>","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"0 0","pages":"336-343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139692801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Letícia Helena Theodoro, Christian Cézane Cardoso Campista, Luiz Lordêlo Bury, Ricardo Guanaes Barbosa de Souza, Yuri Santos Muniz, Mariéllen Longo, Gabriel Mulinari-Santos, Edilson Ervolino, Liran Levin, Valdir Gouveia Garcia
{"title":"Comparison of different bone substitutes in the repair of rat calvaria critical size defects: questioning the need for alveolar ridge presentation.","authors":"Letícia Helena Theodoro, Christian Cézane Cardoso Campista, Luiz Lordêlo Bury, Ricardo Guanaes Barbosa de Souza, Yuri Santos Muniz, Mariéllen Longo, Gabriel Mulinari-Santos, Edilson Ervolino, Liran Levin, Valdir Gouveia Garcia","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b4955867","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b4955867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of biomaterials in bone healing of critical bone defects created by piezoelectric surgery in rat calvaria.</p><p><strong>Method and materials: </strong>Histomorphologic analysis was performed to assess bone regeneration and tissue response. Fifty animals were randomized into five groups with one of the following treatments: Control group (n = 10), spontaneous blood clot formation with no bone fill; BO group (Bio-Oss, Geistlich Pharma; n = 10), defects were filled with bovine medullary bone substitute; BF group (Bonefill, Bionnovation; n = 10), defects were filled with bovine cortical bone substitute; hydroxyapatite group (n = 10), defects were filled with hydroxyapatite; calcium sulfate group (n = 10), defects were filled with calcium sulfate. Five animals from each group were euthanized at 30 and 45 days. The histomorphometry calculated the percentage of the new bone formation in the bone defect.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All data obtained were evaluated statistically considering P < .05 as statistically significant. The results demonstrated the potential of all biomaterials for enhancing bone regeneration. The findings showed no statistical differences between all the biomaterials at 30 and 45 days including the control group without bone grafting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the tested biomaterials presented an estimated capacity of osteoconduction, statistically nonsignificant between them. In addition, the selection of biomaterial should consider the specific clinical aspect, resorption rates, size of the particle, and desired bone healing responses. It is important to emphasize that in some cases, using no bone filler might provide comparable results with reduced cost and possible complications questioning the very frequent use of ridge presentation procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"0 0","pages":"328-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Abdin, Eilaf Ahmed, Rakan Hamad, Christian Splieth, Julian Schmoeckel
{"title":"Success rates and failures of fixed and removable space maintainers after the premature loss of primary molars.","authors":"Maria Abdin, Eilaf Ahmed, Rakan Hamad, Christian Splieth, Julian Schmoeckel","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b4984249","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b4984249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The evidence base for the use of space maintainers is relatively sparce despite being used for decades after the premature loss of primary molars. This study aims to increase the dental evidence base via investigating retrospectively the success rates of prefabricated fixed and removable space maintainers inserted from 2019 to 2021 and followed up until February 2023 at a specialized university clinic and to identify reasons for any reported minor and major failure. The authors hypothesized that there is no significant difference in failure rates between fixed and removable space maintainers inserted after the premature loss of a single primary molar per quadrant.</p><p><strong>Method and materials: </strong>Patients' digital records were searched yielding 645 space maintainers. After the application of inclusion criteria, 157 (67%) fixed prefabricated space maintainers in 112 children and 77 (33%) removable space maintainers in 61 children were analyzed for an average of 18.4 ± 9.5 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with Mantel-Cox statistics showed an overall cumulative survival time of 31.6 months (SE = 1.15, 95% CI = 29.4 to 33.9). Major failure occurred significantly more in removable maintainers (n = 40/67, 59.7%), mostly due to loss of the appliance, compared to fixed space maintainers (n = 27/67, 40.3%; P < .001). The present study indicates that space maintainers were mainly placed in young children with high caries experience, where treatment was mostly possible using advanced behavior management.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fixed space maintainers had a significantly lower failure rate than their removable counterpart. However, both require continual repairs, preservation, or even replacement till the eruption of the permanent tooth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"0 0","pages":"304-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vania Olcay, Pablo Atria, Ronaldo Hirata, Camila Sampaio
{"title":"A fully digital low-cost workflow of a multidisciplinary minimally invasive treatment: step-by-step from function to esthetics.","authors":"Vania Olcay, Pablo Atria, Ronaldo Hirata, Camila Sampaio","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b4994315","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b4994315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This clinical case outlines a comprehensive digital workflow for a minimally invasive multidisciplinary treatment. The process utilizes one open-source software for digital wax-up and one low-cost software to address esthetic concerns related to teeth misalignment. The patient's function was stabilized with a digitally made occlusal splint. The application of the described digital workflow technique, incorporating open-source, low-cost, and closed software, played a pivotal role in attaining a straightforward and predictable outcome with minimally invasive treatment. Furthermore, the continual evolution of technology contributes to the growing precision of dental procedures. The presented digital workflow helped formulate a predictable treatment plan, replicate a diagnostic digital wax-up, and achieve precise teeth alignment. This approach satisfactorily addressed the patient's esthetic concerns, providing an outstanding approximation of the definitive result.</p>","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"0 0","pages":"286-294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139906340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of cyproterone acetate/ethinyl estradiol combination on periodontal status and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ridhima Singhal, Shikha Tewari, Rajinder Sharma, Savita Singhal, Nishi Tanwar, Aditi Sangwan","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b5013159","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b5013159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is widely reported among young females, and anti-androgens are used for treating hirsutism and acne in these patients. The protective effects of myo-inositol, oral contraceptives, and insulin sensitizers have been reported on the periodontium and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in PCOS females. However, cyproterone acetate/ethinyl estradiol (CPA/EE) has not yet been studied. This cross-sectional study explores the periodontal status and systemic inflammation in PCOS women on CPA/EE drug combination compared to females not on medication.</p><p><strong>Method and materials: </strong>A total of 150 participants were enrolled into three groups: 50 newly diagnosed PCOS females not on medication (N-PCOS); 50 PCOS females consuming CPA/EE combination for the last 6 months (PCOS+CPA/EE); and 50 systemically healthy females (control group). Anthropometric, biochemical, periodontal parameters, and health-related quality of life questionnaires were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>N-PCOS and PCOS+CPA/EE groups showed a nonsignificant difference in hsCRP levels, Gingival Index, bleeding on probing, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio (P > .05). Gingival thickness and keratinized tissue width were significantly greater in the PCOS+CPA/EE than the N-PCOS group (P ≤ .05); however, these were comparable with the control group (P > .05). Regression analysis showed significant association of bleeding on probing with Gingival Index, clinical attachment level, and hsCRP (P ≤ .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CPA/EE combination does not influence the periodontal and systemic inflammatory status in PCOS females, as similar levels of local and systemic inflammation were observed in CPA/EE consumers compared with PCOS females not on medication. However, it might play a role in increasing gingival thickness and keratinized tissue width in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"0 0","pages":"274-285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139932644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polymerization efficiency of different bulk-fill resin composites cured by monowave and polywave light-curing units: a comparative study.","authors":"Rahma Elsharawy, Mohamed Elawsya, Asmaa AbdAllah, Abeer ElEmbaby","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b4984231","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b4984231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective was to evaluate the polymerization efficiency of different bulk-fill resin-based composites cured by monowave and polywave light-curing units, by assessment of the degree of conversion and Vickers microhardness at different depths.</p><p><strong>Method and materials: </strong>Two commercially available bulk-fill resin-based composites were used: Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative (3M ESPE) and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill (Ivoclar Vivadent). The light-curing units utilized were two LED light-curing units: a monowave LED light-curing unit (BlueLEX LD-105, Monitex) and a polywave LED light-curing unit (Twin Wave GT-2000, Monitex). For each test, 20 cylindrical specimens (4 mm diameter, 4 mm thickness) were prepared from each bulk-fill resin-based composite using a split Teflon mold. Ten specimens were light-cured by the monowave light-curing unit and the other ten were light-cured by the polywave light-curing unit according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used to assess the degree of conversion, and a Vickers microhardness tester was used to assess Vickers microhardness. Statistical analysis was performed using three-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The degree of conversion and Vickers microhardness in bulk-fill resin-based composites containing only camphorquinone as photoinitiator were similar when cured with either monowave or polywave light-curing units. However, bulk-fill resin-based composites containing a combination of photoinitiators exhibited significantly higher degree of conversion and Vickers microhardness when cured with a polywave light-curing unit. Although all groups showed statistically significant differences between the top and bottom surfaces regarding degree of conversion and Vickers microhardness, all of them showed bottom/top ratios > 80% regarding degree of conversion and Vickers microhardness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The polywave light-curing unit enhanced the polymerization efficiency of bulk-fill resin-based composites especially when the latter contained a combination of photoinitiators, but does not prevent the use of a monowave light-curing unit.</p>","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"0 0","pages":"264-272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pal Nagy, Florina Nemeth, Shahram Ghanaati, Anja Heselich, Peter Windisch
{"title":"Histologic evaluation of edentulous alveolar ridge horizontal bone augmentations using a xenogeneic bone substitute and autologous platelet concentrates: a case series.","authors":"Pal Nagy, Florina Nemeth, Shahram Ghanaati, Anja Heselich, Peter Windisch","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b5104947","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b5104947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This case series aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel horizontal ridge augmentation modality using histology. Combinations of \"sticky bone\" and tenting screws without autologous bone were used as augmentative materials.</p><p><strong>Method and materials: </strong>Five individuals presenting healed, atrophic, partially edentulous sites that required horizontal bone augmentation before implant placement were enrolled. Patients underwent the same augmentation type and 5 months of postoperative reentry procedures. The first surgery served as implant site development, whereas the biopsy and corresponding implant placement were performed during reentry. The bone was qualitatively analyzed using histology and histomorphometry and quantitatively evaluated using CBCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four individuals healed uneventfully. Early wound dehiscence occurred in one case. Histology showed favorable bone substitute incorporation into the newly formed bone and intimate contact between de novo bone and graft material in most cases. Histomorphometry revealed an average of 48 ± 28% newly formed bone, 19 ± 13% graft material, and 33 ± 26% soft tissue components. The CBCT-based mean alveolar ridge horizontal increase was 3.9 ± 0.6 mm at 5 months postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The described augmentation method appears suitable for implant site development resulting in favorable bone quality according to histology. However, clinicians must accommodate 1 to 2 mm of resorption in augmentative material width at the buccal aspect.</p>","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"0 0","pages":"314-326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140158895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gayathri Subramanian, Vincent Yeung, Soly Baredes, Sung Kim, Tessa Bergsbaken, Samuel Quek
{"title":"Adverse jaw outcomes from immune checkpoint inhibitors for head and neck cancer? Case reports.","authors":"Gayathri Subramanian, Vincent Yeung, Soly Baredes, Sung Kim, Tessa Bergsbaken, Samuel Quek","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b5128663","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b5128663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation treatment plays a mainstream role in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Adverse effects from radiation therapy include osteoradionecrosis of the jaw, and rarely, pathologic fracture. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as pembrolizumab are of growing relevance to the management of metastatic and recurrent HNSCCs. Adverse impacts on bone secondary to medications such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab have been sporadically documented in the literature. The objective of this manuscript is to raise awareness of possible increase in risk for adverse jaw outcomes in patients with HNSCCs exposed to both radiation treatment to the jaws and ICI therapy. This manuscript documents adverse jaw outcomes including osteonecrosis and pathologic fracture of the mandible in two patients receiving pembrolizumab for management of HNSCC who had received prior radiation treatment. A potential link between immunotherapy and adverse jaw outcomes is consistent with the growing understanding of osteoimmunology, investigating the closely interrelated processes in bone remodeling and immune system function, in health and disease. It is important to ascertain if pembrolizumab poses an incremental risk for such outcomes, beyond the risk from prior radiation, for patients managed with radiation treatment and ICI therapy for HNSCC. The general dental practitioner may encounter such patients either in the context of facilitating dental clearance prior to initiation of chemotherapy, or rarely, with poorly explained jaw symptoms and must be alert to the possibility of occurrence of such adverse jaw events to facilitate timely diagnosis and optimal patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"55 3","pages":"244-249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of dental practitioners in salivary gland health.","authors":"Oded Nahlieli, Eli Eliav","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b5143075","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b5143075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"55 3","pages":"176-177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IADR Distinguished Scientist Award for Prof Andrej M. Kielbassa.","authors":"Ina B Ulrich, Eli Eliav","doi":"10.3290/j.qi.b5143737","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.qi.b5143737","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20831,"journal":{"name":"Quintessence international","volume":"55 3","pages":"177-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}