Psychiatry Research最新文献

{"title":"The association of seven dietary patterns and the risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","authors":"Yoona Kim,&nbsp;Youngyo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incidence of dementia is steadily increasing, and the resulting socioeconomic burden is enormous, so it is necessary to establish scientific and systematic evidence for dementia prevention. This meta-analysis was performed to explore the association between dietary patterns and the risk of dementia. We searched the PubMed and ISI Web of Science databases up to October 2025 to identify prospective cohort studies investigating the association between dietary patterns and the risk of dementia. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the highest vs. the lowest category of dietary adherence were calculated using random-effects models. Twenty-one articles involving 590,029 subjects and 19,401 cases were included in the meta-analysis for seven dietary patterns. High adherence to the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) was associated with a lower risk of dementia (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.73-0.85). The Mediterranean (MED) diet was not significantly associated with the risk of dementia (HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.78-1.05). The healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI) was inversely associated with the risk of dementia (HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97). The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, Healthy Eating Index (HEI), unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI), and Western dietary pattern (WDP) did not show a significant association with the risk of dementia.</div><div>This meta-analysis indicated that high adherence to the MIND diet and hPDI was associated with a lower risk of dementia. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to suggest dietary recommendations for the prevention of dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 117531"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149213610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the 2008 financial crisis and suicidal thoughts and behaviors among the United States adolescents: An interrupted time series analysis.","authors":"Ze-Min Cai, Jun-Yan Xi, Jun Luo, Wei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Economic crises are associated with adverse mental health in adults, yet their association with non-fatal suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in adolescents remains poorly understood. We examined temporal trends in five STBs among United States adolescents, before and after the 2008 financial crisis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We performed a population-based interrupted time series (ITS) analysis of 13 biennial waves (1999-2023; n = 198,941) of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), using sampling weights for national representativeness. Joinpoint regression independently localized trend inflection points, and segmented ITS regression with Newey-West standard errors estimated level and slope changes around the 2008 crisis, with stratification by sex, grade, and race/ethnicity, and sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>STBs declined before the crisis, excepted sad/Hopelessness. At 2009, immediate level changes were small and heterogeneous across outcomes, whereas every series showed a significant post-crisis slope increase (β₃ = 0.29-2.27 percentage points per biennial wave; all P < 0.001), reversing the pre-crisis declines or stability into sustained rises. By 2023, observed prevalence exceeded the counterfactual projection for all outcomes. Reversals were roughly twice as large in females versus males.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 2008 financial crisis was followed by a reversal of pre-crisis declines into sustained increases in adolescent STBs, with prevalence exceeding pre-crisis projections by 2023, indicating delayed mental-health consequences. These findings support sustained service provision beyond acute crisis periods, prioritizing the most affected groups, particularly female adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"367 ","pages":"117520"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical intelligence vs. artificial intelligence — How psychiatrists arrive at treatment algorithms","authors":"David H.V. Vogel ,&nbsp;Joseph Kambeitz","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of artificial intelligence and computational methods in clinical decision-making allows for a novel perspective on personalized psychopharmacology. While treatment guidelines bring forth treatment algorithms, their recommendations do not take into account the complexities of clinical practice and patient individuality. As guidelines provide specifications at broader levels of prescription, they cannot contribute fully personalized predictions of treatment outcomes. Yet, professionals need to estimate treatment response when prescribing specific agents to individual patients. It is currently not well understood how psychiatrists bridge the gap between broad guideline recommendations and individual patient needs. We present a qualitative analysis from 16 senior German psychiatrists from seven clinical institutions. The analysis reveals the broad heuristics used by experienced clinicians to personalize treatment recommendations on the individual patient level. The analysis indicates that professionals follow a flexible hierarchy leading stepwise from diagnosis, symptoms, history, adverse medication effects, to comorbidity. At each step, clinicians consider individual factors such as age, gender, and patients’ preferences. With increasing complexity, guideline adherence weakens and the influence of clinical experience and intuition increases. Prescribers’ choices primarily derive from specialized training, their teachers, and clinical routine. The constraints to algorithm improvement are a lack of objective diagnostic procedures, of intercollegiate communication, and of courage to diverge from established practices. The results illuminate our sample’s treatment algorithm and its sources. We relate our findings to current discussion on treatment optimization through the involvement of AI in light of the potential harms of uncritical adoption of AI tools into psychiatric practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 117002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trustworthiness issues in Yari-Renani and Zari’s (2025) study “Advancing depression treatment: a multi-center randomized controlled trial of dynamic interpersonal therapy versus CBT and pharmacotherapy on symptoms, sleep, and cognition”","authors":"Martin Plöderl ,&nbsp;Ian Hussey ,&nbsp;Michael Ostacher","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116985","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 116985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocognitive functioning in gambling: A systematic review of comparisons with other psychiatric and comorbid conditions","authors":"Yashita Ahluwalia ,&nbsp;Deepika Jangra ,&nbsp;Swarndeep Singh ,&nbsp;Siddharth Sarkar ,&nbsp;Yatan Pal Singh Balhara","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Objectives</h3><div>Gambling Disorder is recognized as a behavioural addiction with clinical and neurobiological similarities to substance use disorders and overlaps with other psychiatric conditions and comorbidities. While research has documented cognitive impairments in gamblers, most studies have compared this population with healthy controls or viewed it only through the lens of substance use. However, some studies have examined neurocognitive functioning with other psychiatric and comorbid conditions. Synthesizing this literature is important, given the high comorbidity rates, to clarify shared versus disorder-specific cognitive functioning and refine the clinical characterization of gambling for more accurate assessment and intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search across 4 databases conducted in May’ 2025 retrieved 22,058 records, out of which 316 full-text articles were assessed and 30 studies included. Screening reliability was good (Cohen’s κ = 0.88), and overall study quality assessed using the Joanna-Briggs-Critical-Appraisal-Checklists for cross-sectional studies came up to 6.63 (SD = 1.03).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results indicated that most impaired performance was found among cocaine-dependent individuals and gamblers with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, followed by those with eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and substance dependence. Gamblers with no comorbidities or with comorbid depression indicated intermediate functioning, where performance was better among methamphetamine and alcohol-dependent individuals and those with gaming disorder. More preserved cognition was reported among smokers and individuals with Tourette syndrome smokers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings showed both shared and distinct patterns of neurocognitive functioning between gambling disorder, substance use disorders comorbid conditions and other psychiatric disorders, supporting reconsideration of assessment frameworks and targeted interventions that draw on the cognitive perspectives identified in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 117000"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe depression among Haiti’s internally displaced populations: Prevalence and correlates in the context of gang violence","authors":"Jude Mary Cénat ,&nbsp;Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi ,&nbsp;Rose Darly Dalexis ,&nbsp;Lukinson Jean ,&nbsp;Nahum Lafleur ,&nbsp;Lewis Ampidu Clorméus ,&nbsp;Antoniel Cénat ,&nbsp;Jackenson Mauricette ,&nbsp;Idrissa Beogo ,&nbsp;Daniel Derivois","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is the first to examine the prevalence and correlates of severe depressive symptoms among internally displaced populations in Haiti due to gang violence. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,545 participants (mean age = 36.5 years old, <em>SD</em> = 15.4; 60.5%). Findings reveal that the prevalence of clinically significant depression symptoms was 68.3% (95% CI; 66.0%, 70.6%), while the prevalence of severe depression symptoms was 38.1% (95% CI; 35.7%, 40.5%). Both outcomes were higher in women (72.9%; 40.6%) compared to men (61.1%; 33.2%), <em>χ</em>² (1) = 23.29, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001; <em>χ</em>² (1) = 8.40, <em>p</em> = 0.004. Significant associations were also found for geographical areas, age, education, marital status, paid job, religion. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses, using adjusted odds ratio (aOR) identified community violence as the strongest predictor of severe depressive symptoms (aOR = 1.29, 95%CI: 1.22–1.31, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001), whereas witnessing violence did not reach statistical significance. Conversely, resilience and social support (aOR= 0.97, 95% CI: 0.97–0.98, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001; aOR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.67–0.88, <em>p</em> = 0.0001) were inversely associated with depressive symptoms, highlighting their protective roles. These results underscore the magnitude of the mental health crisis among internally displaced populations in Haiti. While resilience and social support play a key protective role, they remain insufficient in the face of pervasive, cumulative, and traumatic armed gang violence. Findings highlight the urgent need for structural interventions, integrated mental health services, and community-based approaches targeting the most vulnerable populations, particularly women and rural residents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 116998"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor regarding “Social networks and symptomatology in recently hospitalized individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: A six-month longitudinal study”","authors":"Hong-Min Zhang,&nbsp;Yong-Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116997","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 116997"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations over time between wartime deployment, parental burnout and child adjustment","authors":"Mor Keleynikov ,&nbsp;Dana Lassri ,&nbsp;Joy Benatov ,&nbsp;Noga Cohen ,&nbsp;Reuma Gadassi-Polack","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Military deployment places significant stress on families, yet little is known about its effects in contexts where both deployed and non-deployed family members face ongoing threat. This longitudinal study, conducted during the first seven months of the Israel–Hamas War, investigated how spousal deployment interacts with parental burnout and child emotional and behavioral problems, and whether parental burnout moderates this relationship. The study included 123 Israeli mothers (Mean age = 39.11, SD = 6.10) of children aged 5–18 years (Mean age = 8.47, SD = 3.32), 35 of whom had partners deployed to reserve duty during the war (28%). Participants completed measures of parental burnout and child adjustment at two time points: one month and seven months after the outbreak of the war. Results indicated that at baseline, mothers whose partners were deployed reported significantly higher levels of parental burnout and child's behavioral and emotional difficulties. Over time, parental burnout remained stable in the deployed group but increased among mothers with non-deployed partners. Importantly, parental burnout moderated the association between deployment status and child adjustment, such that deployment was significantly associated with child difficulties only when parental burnout was high. These findings underscore the critical role of parental emotional well-being in shaping child outcomes during armed conflict. Parental burnout emerges as a key factor that can moderate the link between deployment and children’s mental health and should be a central target in family-based support strategies during times of war.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 116943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronotype and depression: A global systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Xianjian Dong ,&nbsp;Jieyu Liu ,&nbsp;Xinxin Wang ,&nbsp;Ze Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression persists as a substantial contributor to global disability burdens. Emerging evidence implicates circadian rhythm variations in mental health outcomes, with evening chronotypes potentially exacerbating depression risk through multifactorial pathways, including circadian misalignment, increased social isolation, and dysregulated stress responses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic meta-analysis of observational studies (cross-sectional/cohort designs) from PubMed//Cochrane/Web of Science through September 5, 2025. Eligible studies assessed depression outcomes by chronotype. Pooled risk ratios (RRs, 95% CIs) were derived using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was evaluated via Q-statistics and I², with stratification by study design/assessment tools. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots (Begg’s and Egger’s tests), and result stability was verified via sensitivity analyses with iterative imputation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our analysis synthesized data from 22 rigorously selected studies (20 cross-sectional, 2 cohort). Evening chronotype demonstrated a significant association with elevated depression risk across study designs: cross-sectional RR=1.83 (1.40∼2.38); cohort RR=1.79 (0.59∼5.46). Morning preference exhibited protective effects, particularly in longitudinal analyses: cohort RR=0.88 (0.81∼0.96) versus cross-sectional RR=0.80 (0.59∼1.09). High heterogeneity was observed (I²=91.1∼97.3%), resolved through stratification by study design and assessment tools. Sensitivity analyses confirmed result stability, with no evidence of publication bias.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This meta-analysis substantiates the chronotype-depression relationship through robust epidemiological evidence. Evening-type individuals face substantially heightened depression risk (83% increase in cross-sectional data), while morning orientation demonstrates consistent protective associations, particularly in longitudinal studies. These findings emphasize chronotype assessment as a potential biomarker for depression risk stratification. Mechanistic investigations into circadian disruption pathways and targeted chronotherapeutic interventions are urgently warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 116945"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimorbidity and suicidality among military veterans: a scoping review","authors":"Luke T. Bayliss ,&nbsp;Shannon Dias ,&nbsp;Nicolás Rivero Weidemüller ,&nbsp;Emilia Janca ,&nbsp;Csongor Oltvolgyi ,&nbsp;Andrew Ramage ,&nbsp;Michael Lam ,&nbsp;Ed Heffernan ,&nbsp;Carla Meurk","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Veterans face elevated risks of suicidality, including suicidal ideation, attempts, and death by suicide. Multimorbidity, the co-occurrence of at least two physical or mental health conditions, has been associated with suicidality. This scoping review aimed to map and synthesise the existing literature on the relationship between multimorbidity and suicidality among veterans from the Five Eyes group, an intelligence alliance between Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The review involved a comprehensive search of academic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, APA PsychInfo, PTSD Pubs) and grey literature. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, types of multimorbidities, and suicidality outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 42 studies were included. The majority of studies focussed on U.S. veterans (<em>n</em> = 39) and ex-serving veterans (a person who has served at least one day and has since discharged) (<em>n</em> = 37). Studies generally focused on psychiatric-psychiatric multimorbidities (<em>n</em> = 21) or psychiatric-physical multimorbidities (<em>n</em> = 21). No studies focussed exclusively on physical-physical multimorbidities. Studies of psychiatric-only multimorbidities concentrated on PTSD and depression, while studies that included physical multimorbidities concentrated on traumatic brain injury or comorbidity indices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The experience of multimorbidities appears to confer additional risks of suicidality to veterans. However, multimorbidities have been unevenly examined to date with key conditions of relevance to veterans being overlooked. There is also limited diversity in the study populations examined and relatively little evidence on the role of mediating psychosocial factors. Further research in these areas is important to informing and improving prevention activities, and clinical and service responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 116954"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}