Psychiatry Research最新文献

{"title":"Single item measure of parental history of agoraphobia: Agreement between adult children's and parents' own reports.","authors":"Clodagh Flinn, Rachel J Burns","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Agoraphobia has traditionally been grouped with panic disorder in clinical and research settings. However, it has recently been acknowledged as a distinct condition which can and does occur in the absence panic disorder. The genetic heritability of agoraphobia is high. It can be impractical or impossible to contact parents directly to assess their psychiatric history, often leading to the use of single item measures of parental psychiatric history (e.g., has your mother/father ever had agoraphobia?). This study examined the agreement between responses of adult children (n = 1193) on a single item measure of parental agoraphobia history and their parents' own responses on a single item measure of their own agoraphobia history.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Data came from the Lifelines Cohort Study, which is a community-based study in the Netherlands. Parents self-reported if they had a history of agoraphobia. Kappa, sensitivity, selectivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was weak to moderate agreement between adult children's reports of parental agoraphobia history and parents' own reports of agoraphobia history (κ_mothers = 0.47, κ_fathers = 0.40). Sensitivity ranged from 66.7% for fathers to 95.2% for mothers. Specificity was high for both mothers (91.8%) and fathers (97.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest that adult children may somewhat underestimate their fathers' history of agoraphobia, while successfully identifying with high accuracy their mothers' history of agoraphobia. This is the first study to examine the agreement between adult children's reports of parental agoraphobia history and their parents' own self-reports of agoraphobia history.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"366 ","pages":"117429"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to \"Concerns about 'A Machine Learning Approach to Predicting Clinical Trajectories in Bipolar Disorder'\".","authors":"Ovinuchi Ejiohuo","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117425","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"365 ","pages":"117425"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity of cognitive impairments in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.","authors":"Zhaofan Liu, Jue Wang, Ting Xie, Shuqing Cao, Mengzhuang Gou, Wenjin Chen, Leilei Wang, Yanfang Zhou, Han Han, Junchao Huang, Kebing Yang, Shuping Tan, Wei Li, Li Tian, Ran Liu, Xingguang Luo, Chiang-Shan R Li, Yunlong Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>First-episode schizophrenia (FES) presents with substantial heterogeneity in cognitive performance, yet this variability is frequently overlooked in studies investigating disease pathology and treatment. This study aimed to quantify cognitive heterogeneity across domains and individuals, and to identify distinct cognitive subtypes in FES. We assessed cognitive performance using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and clinical symptoms with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in 271 patients with FES and 133 healthy controls (HC). Domain-specific impairment was quantified using Hedges' g, whereas quantile-based analyses were performed to characterize distributional heterogeneity in overall cognitive performance. Gaussian mixture clustering was subsequently applied to identify latent subtypes within FES group. Compared with HC, patients with FES demonstrated significant impairments across all assessed cognitive measures. However, the magnitude of impairment varied across measures, with Attention/Vigilance as the domain with the greatest impairment. Quantile-based analyses demonstrated that the FES-HC difference was significantly greater at the lower than at the upper end of the cognitive distribution, indicating that cognitive impairment was not uniformly distributed across patients. Clustering analysis identified two cognitive subtypes: one subgroup with severe global cognitive deficits and another with relatively preserved cognitive functioning. Crucially, these subtypes also differed significantly in their clinical symptom profiles. In conclusion, specific cognitive impairments may reflect the underlying pathology of early schizophrenia, and individuals can be reliably stratified into distinct cognitive phenotypes. These findings provide critical clinical insights that can directly inform targeted, stratified strategies in early psychosis from a cognitive perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"366 ","pages":"117433"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of organ dysfunction status trajectories with incident depression across BMI and clinical obesity.","authors":"Yohwan Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is associated with depression, but BMI may not fully capture the systemic burden of excess adiposity. We investigated whether obesity-related organ dysfunction trajectories were associated with incident depression under BMI-based and clinical obesity classifications. We analyzed 404,146 UK Biobank participants. BMI-based obesity was defined using ethnicity-specific thresholds, and clinical obesity was defined by excess adiposity plus hospital-recorded organ dysfunction. Organ dysfunction trajectories were assessed over two consecutive 2-year periods after baseline and categorized as persistent no dysfunction, no → dysfunction, dysfunction → no, and persistent dysfunction. Follow-up began 4 years after baseline. Cox models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Across BMI categories, organ dysfunction trajectories were consistently associated with higher depression risk. Persistent dysfunction was associated with higher depression risk in normal-weight, overweight, and obese participants, with aHRs of 1.91 (95% CI, 1.49-2.45), 2.57 (95% CI, 2.24-2.94), and 2.48 (95% CI, 2.19-2.82), respectively. Similar associations were observed using clinical obesity categories. Compared with persistent no dysfunction, persistent dysfunction was associated with higher depression risk in participants with no clinical obesity and preclinical obesity, with aHR of 2.38 (95% CI, 1.86-3.04) and 2.30 (95% CI, 1.93-2.74), respectively. When obesity categories were compared within organ dysfunction trajectories, clinical obesity classification showed stronger overall risk stratification than BMI-based classification, while the joint framework provided the best model performance. BMI-based and clinical obesity classifications may therefore provide complementary information for depression risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"366 ","pages":"117427"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of protective behavioral strategies for reducing alcohol use and alcohol-related harms among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Trieu Van Nhat, Penpaktr Uthis, Russunan Jantarapakdee, Patcharin Krongtham","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Excessive alcohol consumption is a major public health concern. Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) are widely incorporated into alcohol interventions, but their effectiveness and role as mechanisms of behavior change remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of PBS-based interventions on alcohol consumption, alcohol-related harms, and PBS use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and ProQuest were searched from inception to December 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adults (≥18 years) delivering PBS as an active intervention component. Random-effects meta-analyses using Hedges' g examined alcohol quantity, drinking frequency, alcohol-related problems, and PBS use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen RCTs were included, predominantly involving young adults attending U.S. universities. PBS interventions increased protective strategy use (g=0.23, p=0.005 after outlier removal), but alcohol effects were modest: no change in quantity (g=-0.05, p=0.162), small reduction in frequency (g=-0.09, p=0.014), and marginal reduction in problems (g=-0.07, p=0.052; significant in sensitivity analysis). Subgroup findings suggested greater effects at longer follow-up and when PBS was incorporated into multi-component interventions. Evidence supporting PBS as a mechanism of change was limited and inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PBS-based interventions produce modest, context-dependent effects on alcohol outcomes. Most evidence comes from young U.S. university students, underscoring the need for studies in more diverse adult populations and further mechanistic research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"365 ","pages":"117430"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood maltreatment, circadian preference, and hs-CRP in first-episode, drug-naïve major depressive disorder: total- and symptom-level associations.","authors":"Nur Nihal Türkel, Esra Emekli, Ferda Ece İnce Ercan, Gülşen Şahin","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is clinically heterogeneous, and psychosocial, circadian, and inflammatory-metabolic factors may relate differently to depressive symptom profiles. We examined childhood maltreatment, circadian preference, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in relation to overall and symptom-level depressive severity in first episode drug-naïve patients with MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 133 first episode drug-naïve patients with MDD after excluding participants with hs-CRP ≥10 mg/L. Depression severity was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. Childhood maltreatment and circadian preference were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. Multivariable linear and ordinal logistic regression models examined total and symptom-level associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Childhood maltreatment was associated with both PHQ-9 (β=0.362, p<0.001) and MADRS severity (β=0.288, p=0.001). Greater eveningness was associated with PHQ-9 severity (β=-0.264, p=0.002), whereas its association with MADRS did not reach significance in the primary sample (β=-0.168, p=0.067). hs-CRP was not independently associated with either measure. After adjustment for overall depressive burden, no childhood maltreatment-item association survived FDR correction; eveningness remained associated with sleep problems (OR=0.49, FDR-p=0.031). BMI was the strongest correlate of hs-CRP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Childhood maltreatment showed consistent associations across self-reported and clinician-rated severity, whereas evidence for eveningness was less consistent across measures. In this sample, with moderate-to-severe depression and a relatively narrow BMI distribution, no independent association between hs-CRP and depressive severity was observed. The eveningness-sleep association should be interpreted cautiously because of partial content overlap.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"365 ","pages":"117417"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"The impact of diverse ancestry on polygenic risk score-based prediction models for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders\" [Psychiatry Research 2026 Oct:364:117322].","authors":"Ron Nudel, Vivek Appadurai, Wesley K Thompson, Anders D Børglum, Thomas Werge, Michael E Benros","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":" ","pages":"117387"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Routine multisystem physiological function and future depression risk in the UK Biobank.","authors":"Guangxiang Jiang, Yunan Zhang, Jinyan Liu, Hanyun Qu, Wenjie Xu, Yixing Liu, Dongran Han","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression risk may be preceded by measurable changes in peripheral physiology, but most studies have focused on isolated biomarkers. We examined whether routine physiological indicators across body systems were associated with future depression risk and whether genetic analyses supported directional relationships.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 128,766 UK Biobank participants free of depression at baseline. Sixty-eight routinely measured physiological indicators across 13 physical health domains were assessed, and incident depression was ascertained during follow-up. System-level and indicator-level associations were evaluated using block-wise Cox models, multivariable Cox models, restricted cubic splines, a covariate-matched sensitivity analysis, and multiple imputation. A composite physical-health burden score was constructed from FDR-significant indicators. Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization provided complementary genetic evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 14.37 years, 5595 participants developed depression. All 13 physical health domains showed significant global association signals after FDR correction. At the indicator level, 31 of 68 physiological indicators were significantly associated with incident depression after covariate adjustment and FDR correction, with associations spanning functional, inflammatory, hematological, renal, hepatic, metabolic, and protein-related measures. A composite physical-health burden score showed a graded association with depression risk; each 1-SD increase was associated with higher incident depression risk (HR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.20-1.27), and the highest quartile had greater risk than the lowest quartile (HR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.56-1.87). Forward MR did not identify FDR-significant evidence that physical health indicators increased depression risk, whereas reverse MR linked genetic liability to depression with higher C-reactive protein levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multisystem physiological function measured in routine health data captures a broad physical-health background associated with future depression risk. These findings support a shift from single-biomarker models toward an integrated routine-physiology framework for understanding depression vulnerability.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"365 ","pages":"117412"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health and brain injury-related symptom overlap among women who have experienced intimate partner violence: a network analysis.","authors":"Abigail Astridge, Nicola L de Souza, Eamonn Kennedy, Charlotte Copas, Ella Carlsson, Olivia Hannon, Divya Jain, Jennifer Makovec Knight, Inga Koerte, Alexander P Lin, Stuart J McDonald, Silke Meyer, Amy D Marshall, Christine Padgett, Emma N Read, Elizabeth Rebuck, Gershon Spitz, Elisabeth A Wilde, Maya Wilde, Madelyn Olis, Frank G Hillary, Maria Kajankova, Beatriz Duarte Martins, Sandy R Shultz, Carrie Esopenko, Georgia F Symons","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) repetitively experience multiple trauma types, leading to comorbidities such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and brain injury-related symptoms. The overlapping symptoms across these conditions make accurate diagnosis and effective treatment challenging. We explored the relationships between PTSD, depression, anxiety, and brain injury-related symptoms among women with histories of IPV using a network analysis. Using a multi-site sample (Australia and the United States) of 300 community-dwelling women with IPV experiences aged 18-75 years, we employed a network approach (Gaussian) to assess the connectivity, the influence, and the bridging ability of mental health and brain injury-related symptoms. The network revealed modest connectivity between these symptoms. Among IPV victim-survivors, symptoms of worthlessness, jumpiness, and intrusive memories were identified as the most influential symptoms within the network. An inability to experience positive feelings, breathing difficulties, and initiative issues served as bridging symptoms closely connected across conditions, which can help explain comorbidities. Mental health symptoms seen in IPV victim-survivors are highly influential and connected, reinforcing the need for interventions to take symptom approaches as opposed to treating overall conditions. Our findings highlight key symptom treatment targets warranting further investigation. Specifically, treating depression and PTSD-related symptoms is crucial as these symptoms are highly influential in activating the broader symptom network.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"365 ","pages":"117420"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of beneficial effect of planned treatment interruption in adults with ADHD treated with methylphenidate - clinical evidence.","authors":"Daria Schetz, Adriana Schetz, Marcin Wirtwein, Jacek Sein Anand, Marek Wiergowski, Ivan Kocić","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Planned weekend drug holidays during methylphenidate (MPH) treatment are used in clinical practice despite limited evidence in adults. This study compared continuous daily MPH use with planned weekend breaks in adult men with ADHD, focusing on real-world behavioral functioning, adherence, cognition, sleep, appetite, and adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective observational comparative cohort study, adult men with ADHD receiving stable MPH treatment were not randomized by the investigators but were classified according to their pre-existing naturalistic treatment pattern established before study enrolment: continuous daily use (MPHC) or planned weekend breaks (MPH-PWB). Participants completed baseline and end-of-study questionnaires and cognitive tests and were followed for 28 days using structured daily diaries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-three participants were included in the final analysis (MPHC, n = 23; MPH-PWB, n = 20). The weekend-break group showed higher mean daily procrastination (8.4 ± 1.4 vs. 7.5 ± 1.2; p = 0.028) and lower task completion (64.8% ± 12.6 vs. 74.1% ± 11.3; p = 0.017). Weekday-only analyses attenuated these differences. No clear between-group differences were observed in questionnaire outcomes, cognitive performance, sleep, appetite, adherence, or most non-cardiovascular adverse effects. Tachycardia occurred with similar frequency in both groups, whereas blood pressure elevation and palpitations were more frequent in the weekend-break group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In adult men receiving stable MPH treatment, planned weekend breaks were not associated with a clear overall advantage and were linked to less favorable diary-based behavioral functioning and more frequent selected self-reported cardiovascular adverse effects. Routine weekend discontinuation should not be assumed to improve treatment quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"365 ","pages":"117409"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148875950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}