Psychiatry Research最新文献

{"title":"Medical intelligence vs. artificial intelligence — How psychiatrists arrive at treatment algorithms","authors":"David H.V. Vogel ,&nbsp;Joseph Kambeitz","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of artificial intelligence and computational methods in clinical decision-making allows for a novel perspective on personalized psychopharmacology. While treatment guidelines bring forth treatment algorithms, their recommendations do not take into account the complexities of clinical practice and patient individuality. As guidelines provide specifications at broader levels of prescription, they cannot contribute fully personalized predictions of treatment outcomes. Yet, professionals need to estimate treatment response when prescribing specific agents to individual patients. It is currently not well understood how psychiatrists bridge the gap between broad guideline recommendations and individual patient needs. We present a qualitative analysis from 16 senior German psychiatrists from seven clinical institutions. The analysis reveals the broad heuristics used by experienced clinicians to personalize treatment recommendations on the individual patient level. The analysis indicates that professionals follow a flexible hierarchy leading stepwise from diagnosis, symptoms, history, adverse medication effects, to comorbidity. At each step, clinicians consider individual factors such as age, gender, and patients’ preferences. With increasing complexity, guideline adherence weakens and the influence of clinical experience and intuition increases. Prescribers’ choices primarily derive from specialized training, their teachers, and clinical routine. The constraints to algorithm improvement are a lack of objective diagnostic procedures, of intercollegiate communication, and of courage to diverge from established practices. The results illuminate our sample’s treatment algorithm and its sources. We relate our findings to current discussion on treatment optimization through the involvement of AI in light of the potential harms of uncritical adoption of AI tools into psychiatric practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 117002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trustworthiness issues in Yari-Renani and Zari’s (2025) study “Advancing depression treatment: a multi-center randomized controlled trial of dynamic interpersonal therapy versus CBT and pharmacotherapy on symptoms, sleep, and cognition”","authors":"Martin Plöderl ,&nbsp;Ian Hussey ,&nbsp;Michael Ostacher","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116985","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 116985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocognitive functioning in gambling: A systematic review of comparisons with other psychiatric and comorbid conditions","authors":"Yashita Ahluwalia ,&nbsp;Deepika Jangra ,&nbsp;Swarndeep Singh ,&nbsp;Siddharth Sarkar ,&nbsp;Yatan Pal Singh Balhara","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Objectives</h3><div>Gambling Disorder is recognized as a behavioural addiction with clinical and neurobiological similarities to substance use disorders and overlaps with other psychiatric conditions and comorbidities. While research has documented cognitive impairments in gamblers, most studies have compared this population with healthy controls or viewed it only through the lens of substance use. However, some studies have examined neurocognitive functioning with other psychiatric and comorbid conditions. Synthesizing this literature is important, given the high comorbidity rates, to clarify shared versus disorder-specific cognitive functioning and refine the clinical characterization of gambling for more accurate assessment and intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search across 4 databases conducted in May’ 2025 retrieved 22,058 records, out of which 316 full-text articles were assessed and 30 studies included. Screening reliability was good (Cohen’s κ = 0.88), and overall study quality assessed using the Joanna-Briggs-Critical-Appraisal-Checklists for cross-sectional studies came up to 6.63 (SD = 1.03).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results indicated that most impaired performance was found among cocaine-dependent individuals and gamblers with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, followed by those with eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and substance dependence. Gamblers with no comorbidities or with comorbid depression indicated intermediate functioning, where performance was better among methamphetamine and alcohol-dependent individuals and those with gaming disorder. More preserved cognition was reported among smokers and individuals with Tourette syndrome smokers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings showed both shared and distinct patterns of neurocognitive functioning between gambling disorder, substance use disorders comorbid conditions and other psychiatric disorders, supporting reconsideration of assessment frameworks and targeted interventions that draw on the cognitive perspectives identified in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 117000"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe depression among Haiti’s internally displaced populations: Prevalence and correlates in the context of gang violence","authors":"Jude Mary Cénat ,&nbsp;Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi ,&nbsp;Rose Darly Dalexis ,&nbsp;Lukinson Jean ,&nbsp;Nahum Lafleur ,&nbsp;Lewis Ampidu Clorméus ,&nbsp;Antoniel Cénat ,&nbsp;Jackenson Mauricette ,&nbsp;Idrissa Beogo ,&nbsp;Daniel Derivois","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is the first to examine the prevalence and correlates of severe depressive symptoms among internally displaced populations in Haiti due to gang violence. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,545 participants (mean age = 36.5 years old, <em>SD</em> = 15.4; 60.5%). Findings reveal that the prevalence of clinically significant depression symptoms was 68.3% (95% CI; 66.0%, 70.6%), while the prevalence of severe depression symptoms was 38.1% (95% CI; 35.7%, 40.5%). Both outcomes were higher in women (72.9%; 40.6%) compared to men (61.1%; 33.2%), <em>χ</em>² (1) = 23.29, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001; <em>χ</em>² (1) = 8.40, <em>p</em> = 0.004. Significant associations were also found for geographical areas, age, education, marital status, paid job, religion. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses, using adjusted odds ratio (aOR) identified community violence as the strongest predictor of severe depressive symptoms (aOR = 1.29, 95%CI: 1.22–1.31, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001), whereas witnessing violence did not reach statistical significance. Conversely, resilience and social support (aOR= 0.97, 95% CI: 0.97–0.98, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001; aOR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.67–0.88, <em>p</em> = 0.0001) were inversely associated with depressive symptoms, highlighting their protective roles. These results underscore the magnitude of the mental health crisis among internally displaced populations in Haiti. While resilience and social support play a key protective role, they remain insufficient in the face of pervasive, cumulative, and traumatic armed gang violence. Findings highlight the urgent need for structural interventions, integrated mental health services, and community-based approaches targeting the most vulnerable populations, particularly women and rural residents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 116998"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor regarding “Social networks and symptomatology in recently hospitalized individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: A six-month longitudinal study”","authors":"Hong-Min Zhang,&nbsp;Yong-Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116997","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 116997"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive dysfunction in military PTSD with ecological sleep assessment: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Gilles Sipahimalani, Fabien Sauvet, Michael Quiquempoix, Dorone Feingold, Clémentine Jacques, Mathias Guillard, Bertrand Lahutte, Mounir Chennaoui, Emeric Saguin","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is consistently linked to deficits in executive functions, including attention, working memory, and inhibitory control, which impact clinical outcomes. This study examined these cognitive functions in military personnel with PTSD and its associations with clinical symptoms and objective sleep parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>French active-duty and veteran service members with PTSD (n = 130) and healthy military controls (n = 65) completed computerized cognitive tasks: inhibition (Go/No-Go), sustained attention (0-Back), and working memory (2-Back). Sleep was monitored under ecological conditions using a polysomnographic headband. Clinical assessments included PTSD severity (PCL-5) and depression (BDI). Efficiency scores combining accuracy and speed were calculated for each task. Group comparisons, correlations, and multiple regressions were conducted. Executive impairment thresholds were derived from the controls to estimate prevalence in the PTSD group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PTSD participants showed lower performance across the three cognitive tasks. Using normative thresholds, 36.6% met criteria for executive impairment. In the PTSD group, clinical and sleep variables explained only a small proportion of the variance in cognitive performance (R² = 0.12), with REM sleep and PTSD severity showing the largest albeit modest contributions. In contrast, predictors explained a greater proportion of variance in controls (R² = 0.35), suggesting stronger predictive utility. Exploratory analyses indicated that medication burden was the strongest individual predictor of executive performance in PTSD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Executive dysfunction is frequent among military personnel with PTSD and only partially explained by standard clinical and sleep measures. Cognitive impairment likely reflects multiple interacting mechanisms not captured by standard assessments, underscoring the need for integrative and multimodal approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"362 ","pages":"117211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder among Palestinian refugees in Egypt: Gender-stratified item-level Bayesian network analysis.","authors":"Noha Fadl, Ammar Shahtou, Hagar Mostafa Own, Muhammad Abdullatif Alkasaby, Mahmoud A Abdel-Fattah, Rola Mahmoud Abdallah Tafesh, Saja Hasan Alzaanin, Hisham Mohammed Mahmoud Zourob, Mohammed Walid Ali Aljedaili, Fathi I A Shaheen, Rofaida Gamal Abdullah","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental disorders pose a substantial global burden, particularly among conflict-affected populations. This study aimed to examine gender-stratified, item-level networks of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Palestinian refugees in Egypt following the 2023 war on Gaza.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 558 Palestinians aged > 18 years displaced to Egypt. Anxiety, depression, and PTSD were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Impact of Event Scale-6, respectively. Bayesian network analyses were applied to identify central symptoms and the strongest within- and cross-diagnostic associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the male network, suicidal ideation and loss of energy emerged as the most central symptoms. The strongest cross-diagnostic association was observed between anticipatory fear and depressed mood. Within diagnostic domains, the strongest associations were found between uncontrollable worry and excessive worrying (anxiety), loss of energy and appetite change (depression), and war-related intrusive thoughts and hypervigilance (PTSD). In the female network, psychomotor agitation or retardation and suicidal ideation were the most central symptoms. The strongest cross-diagnostic association was between trouble relaxing and anhedonia. The strongest within-domain associations were observed between feeling anxious and being easily annoyed (anxiety), loss of energy and depressed mood (depression), and war-related intrusive thoughts and reminders of war (PTSD).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Identifying gender-specific core symptoms and both within- and cross-diagnostic associations in this vulnerable population is crucial to inform targeted interventions and reduce comorbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"362 ","pages":"117210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional dysconnectivity of large-scale functional brain networks in young adults with bipolar disorder with and without low-grade inflammation.","authors":"Tien-Wei Hsu, Jia-Ru Li, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ya-Mei Bai, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Ju-Wei Hsu, Mu-Hong Chen, Chih-Sung Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with both functional brain network disruptions and low-grade peripheral inflammation, yet their interplay remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate whether low-grade inflammation is linked to altered functional connectivity across major brain networks in young individuals with BD. A total of 160 young adults with BD and 93 age-and sex-matched controls were included. Resting-state functional images were obtained using 3T magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and seed-based connectivity (SBC) analyses were conducted to map functional connectivity (FC) patterns with specific regions of interest (ROIs) from well-established resting-state networks, including the Default Mode Network (DMN), Salience Network (SN), Frontoparietal Network (FPN), and reward network. Fasting plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) level were measured, and low-grade inflammation (LGI) was defined based on CRP levels of ≥3 mg/L. There was a total of 27 participants with BD in the LGI group and 133 in the non-LGI group. SBC analyses showed increased FC within the SN in the LGI group compared with HCs, whereas the non-LGI group showed numerically intermediate values (e.g. ACC-precentral gyrus connectivity: LGI > non-LGI > HC, all pairwise comparisons significant). A similar pattern was observed for FC between the ventral tegmental area and the bilateral supramarginal gyrus (LGI > non-LGI > HC) within the reward network. Within the DMN, both BD groups showed decreased functional connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex and the left putamen compared with the HC group. Low-grade inflammation is linked to distinct brain connectivity changes in young individuals with bipolar disorder, highlighting the role of neuroimmune mechanisms in its pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"362 ","pages":"117195"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech as an objective measure of psychomotor dysfunction in major depressive disorder: validation from non-speech motor measures.","authors":"Erika L Exton, David Klemballa, Sebastian Walther, Allison M Letkiewicz, Joseph Keshet, Vijay A Mittal, Stewart A Shankman, Matthew Goldrick","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychomotor dysfunction, which can manifest as slowing (psychomotor retardation; PmR) and jerkiness or restlessness (psychomotor agitation; PmA) often occurs in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). As psychomotor dysfunction predicts a worse treatment response, accurately measuring and tracking PmR and PmA may improve outcomes. Traditionally, psychomotor dysfunction has been assessed using self-report or observer-based methods, which are often insensitive to subtle but potentially relevant movement abnormalities. Instrumental probes often require specialized equipment. Speech presents a promising option as it requires a significant motor component and is easy to collect. This study serves as a preliminary test of the association between speech indicators of PmR and PmA and manual motor tasks (handwriting velocity and force variability). Participants with current MDD (n = 36) and remitted MDD (n = 78) completed a diadochokinetic speech task, quickly repeating syllables in a sequence (\"pataka\" and \"katapa\"), as well as a test of handwriting velocity while drawing loops (PmR) and a test of variability in force applied to a transducer (PmA). Velocity of speech production and speech rate variability were automatically measured. For current MDD individuals, speech velocity was positively associated with the manual PmR measure (t(29) = 2.59, p < 0.05), and speech rate variability was positively associated with the manual PmA measure (t(33) = 2.952, p < 0.01). Effects were not significant for remitted MDD individuals, suggesting that this method may detect PmR/PmA only in those with acute depressive symptoms. These results suggest that diadochokinetic speech is a promising, objective measure of psychomotor dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"362 ","pages":"117191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations over time between wartime deployment, parental burnout and child adjustment","authors":"Mor Keleynikov ,&nbsp;Dana Lassri ,&nbsp;Joy Benatov ,&nbsp;Noga Cohen ,&nbsp;Reuma Gadassi-Polack","doi":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychres.2026.116943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Military deployment places significant stress on families, yet little is known about its effects in contexts where both deployed and non-deployed family members face ongoing threat. This longitudinal study, conducted during the first seven months of the Israel–Hamas War, investigated how spousal deployment interacts with parental burnout and child emotional and behavioral problems, and whether parental burnout moderates this relationship. The study included 123 Israeli mothers (Mean age = 39.11, SD = 6.10) of children aged 5–18 years (Mean age = 8.47, SD = 3.32), 35 of whom had partners deployed to reserve duty during the war (28%). Participants completed measures of parental burnout and child adjustment at two time points: one month and seven months after the outbreak of the war. Results indicated that at baseline, mothers whose partners were deployed reported significantly higher levels of parental burnout and child's behavioral and emotional difficulties. Over time, parental burnout remained stable in the deployed group but increased among mothers with non-deployed partners. Importantly, parental burnout moderated the association between deployment status and child adjustment, such that deployment was significantly associated with child difficulties only when parental burnout was high. These findings underscore the critical role of parental emotional well-being in shaping child outcomes during armed conflict. Parental burnout emerges as a key factor that can moderate the link between deployment and children’s mental health and should be a central target in family-based support strategies during times of war.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20819,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 116943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}