{"title":"MULTIPLE FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH MODELLING IN NONHOMOGENEOUS STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS USING THE DUAL BEM","authors":"H. C. Andrade, E. Leonel","doi":"10.2495/be410031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/be410031","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a numerical scheme for the fatigue crack growth modelling in plane nonhomogeneous structural systems. The structural domain is assumed as composed of piecewise homogeneous isotropic materials. The high-cycle fatigue case is assumed. Consequently, the linear elastic fracture mechanics theory is utilized. The mechanical behaviour is represented by the dual boundary element method (DBEM), in which singular and hypersingular integral equations are applied. The DBEM is an efficient and robust numerical technique for crack propagation analyses, especially due to the non-requirement of the domain mesh. This aspect enables the accurate representation of the elastic fields around the crack tip and simplifies the remeshing process during the crack propagation. The singular integrals are evaluated through the singularity subtraction method. Third degree polynomial transformation is utilized for improving the accuracy of near-singular integrals. The interface between adjacent materials is assumed as perfectly bonded and the sub-region BEM approach is utilized for representing the nonhomogeneous bodies. The Paris’ law is utilized for determining the crack growth rate. The stress intensity factors are assessed by the J-integral and the maximum circumferential stress theory is adopted for defining the crack propagation angle and the range of equivalent stress intensity factor. The structural life is determined by a special scheme, which is based on discrete crack increments. One application is presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed model in simulating the fatigue crack growth in multiple cracked structures.","PeriodicalId":208184,"journal":{"name":"Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLI","volume":"396 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115853398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MODELLING OF GROUNDING SYSTEM PLACED INTO VERTICALLY LAYERED SOIL","authors":"A. Mujezinović, Nedis Dautbašić, I. Turkovic","doi":"10.2495/BE410071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/BE410071","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The main purpose of the substations grounding systems is to ensure integrity of substations equipment and safety of personnel in and outside of substation at the maximum fault currents. To meet safety requirements, grounding system should have a low as possible resistance. In order to achieve low resistance, grounding systems are designed in a way to achieve as large as possible contact surface between the grounding system conductors and the surrounding soil. On the other hand, cost – efficiency of the proposed solution must be taken into account. Therefore, to meet the technical criteria on the one hand and economic criteria on the other hand, grounding systems are composed from large number of horizontal, vertical and inclined galvanic connected unisolated conductors that in most practical cases form complex geometries. Additionally, soil in which grounding systems are placed is almost always composed of a number of layers with different electric conductivity. In this paper, numerical model based on the indirect boundary element method is presented for calculation of grounding system parameters placed into the vertically layered soil.","PeriodicalId":208184,"journal":{"name":"Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLI","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133273191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ELECTROMAGNETIC DOSIMETRY BASED ON EFIE FORMULATION AND RWG BASIS FUNCTION","authors":"M. Cvetković, D. Poljak","doi":"10.2495/be410131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/be410131","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the electromagnetic dosimetry model for the lossy homogeneous biological body. The model is based on the use of electric field integral equation (EFIE) in the frequency domain derived using the surface equivalence theorem and the boundary conditions for the electric field. The scattered electric field is expressed in terms of the equivalent electric and magnetic current densities which are expanded using Rao–Wilton–Glisson (RWG) basis function, and a point wise orthogonal n̂×RWG basis function, respectively. Some illustrative results for the obtained equivalent surface current densities are given. The electromagnetic model can be useful in high frequency dosimetry of the human brain and also in modeling of medical technique such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).","PeriodicalId":208184,"journal":{"name":"Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLI","volume":"17 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123228566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE CRACK PROPAGATION IN FIBER-REINFORCED CONCRETE SPECIMENS USING THE BEM","authors":"G. Brisola, L. Palermo, L. C. Almeida","doi":"10.2495/be410041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/be410041","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical properties of plain concretes are improved with the introduction of steel fibers like the material toughness along with limited crack widths. Numerical investigations on fiber reinforced concrete specimens use models for cohesive crack propagation in quasi-brittle materials. The present crack propagation analysis considered the single-edge notched beam under the three-point bending test. The material softening modeling used the cohesive law with two straight lines within a pure mode I for the crack growth. The dual boundary element method employed quadratic elements and the tangential differential operator in the traction boundary integral equation. The introduction of the constitutive law in the system of equations allowed the direct computation of the cohesive forces at each incremental loading step. The boundary element mesh employed continuous elements along the crack surface and the results obtained are compared with those available in the literature.","PeriodicalId":208184,"journal":{"name":"Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLI","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128738678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RBF-BASED LASER SPECKLE PATTERN DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION METHOD FOR SURFACE STRAIN MEASUREMENTS","authors":"E. Divo, F. Moslehy, A. Kassab","doi":"10.2495/BE410161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/BE410161","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces an innovative technique that integrates a genetic algorithm based digital image correlation with laser speckle photography (LSP) for the measurement of surface displacements in structures. The images (before and after deformation) are digitized using a digital camera, and the grayscale intensity matrices are read and processed by Matlab image processing toolbox. The two matrices of the images are then inputted into an iterative program based on the genetic algorithm that utilizes an advanced cross correlation technique to determine the surface displacements. Additionally, the strains are computed by radial basis function (RBF) differentiation. The computed displacements are compared with simulated results obtained by finite element analysis. Close agreement between the two results proved the validity of the developed non-contact technique for accurately measuring surface displacements. The experimentally measured displacements can be directly used in an inverse technique to detect and characterize subsurface cavities in structures.","PeriodicalId":208184,"journal":{"name":"Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLI","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130560110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Poljak, M. Cvetković, D. Cavka, A. Peratta, C. Peratta, Hrvoje Dodig, A. Hirata
{"title":"BOUNDARY INTEGRAL METHODS IN BIOELECTROMAGNETICS AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS","authors":"D. Poljak, M. Cvetković, D. Cavka, A. Peratta, C. Peratta, Hrvoje Dodig, A. Hirata","doi":"10.2495/BE410081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/BE410081","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reviews some integral methods used in static, low frequency (LF), and high frequency (HF) dosimetry, respectively, and biomedical applications of electromagnetic fields. Laplace equation/Boundary element method (BEM) is applied to certain electrostatic and LF exposure scenarios. Surface Integral Equation (SIE)/Method of Moments (MoM) and tensor volume integral equation/MoM and Stratton Chu integral formulation coupled with vector Helmholtz equations/hybrid Boundary element method (BEM)/Finite element method (FEM) scheme are used to analyze the exposure to HF radiation. In addition to human exposure to undesired electromagnetic radiation sources, this work also deals with biomedical applications of electromagnetic fields, by using SIE/MoM approach. Some illustrative numerical results for induced current densities, electric field and SAR, are also given in the paper.","PeriodicalId":208184,"journal":{"name":"Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLI","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130566991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FUNDAMENTAL SOLUTION OF COMPOSITE THICK SHELLS WITH CLAMPED EDGES","authors":"Jin Jiao, Hui Wei, Jianlong Zheng, P. Wen","doi":"10.2495/BE410011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/BE410011","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, a rectangular composites double curved shell with four clamped edges is studied under static distributed and concentrated loads. The governing equations for the laminated and functionally graded shells with respect to the middle surface are presented, and the fundamental solutions are obtained. The exact solutions of the laminated and functionally graded shells should serve as the benchmark solutions for any numerical computation methods and can be used in the boundary element method and meshless method.","PeriodicalId":208184,"journal":{"name":"Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLI","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126085925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BEM ANALYSIS OF PLANE WAVE COUPLING TO THREE-PHASE POWER LINE","authors":"D. Poljak, D. Cavka","doi":"10.2495/BE410061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/BE410061","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with BEM analysis of plane wave coupling to three-phase power line. The formulation is based on the set of Pocklington equations for arbitrarily shaped wires. The presence of a lossy ground is taken into account via rigorous Sommerfeld integral formulation. The set of Pocklington equations is solved by the Galerkin–Bubnov Indirect Boundary Element Method (GBIBEM) using isoparametric elements. Some computational examples for the currents induced along phase conductors and shield wire of the 3-phase power line are presented. The numerical results obtained via GB-IBEM are compared to the results calculated via NEC (Numerical Electromagnetic Code). The results obtained via different approaches agree satisfactorily.","PeriodicalId":208184,"journal":{"name":"Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLI","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115013234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}