Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics最新文献_第6页

Effects of slit plate design on mechanical properties of castable plastic bonded explosives 缝隙板设计对可浇注塑料粘结炸药机械性能的影响

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202300340

Alper Sevinc, Baris Edis

{"title":"Effects of slit plate design on mechanical properties of castable plastic bonded explosives","authors":"Alper Sevinc, Baris Edis","doi":"10.1002/prep.202300340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300340","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of slit plate design on PBXs quality was systematically studied from the point of view voids and powder‐binder separation phenomenon. PBXN‐109 type explosive samples were prepared in accordance with MIL−E‐82886 and cast through slit plates of different geometry and perforation size. The other casting parameters such as casting time, temperature, pressure, valve opening and PBX amount kept constant to prevent uncertainties arising from these parameters. Density measurements, X‐ray inspection and tensile tests were carried out to evaluate the air removal and powder‐binder separation characteristic of slit plates. Density measurements did not provide a clear interpretation of the powder‐binder separation and deaeration abilities of slit plates. X‐ray inspections and tensile tests showed that the dimensions and design of slit plate perforations have impact on voids and powder‐binder separation in PBXs. The slit plate #E showed relatively poor performance in terms of stress property, attributed to the largest cross‐sectional area per perimeter length ratio of perforations, leading to decrease in air removal ability.","PeriodicalId":20800,"journal":{"name":"Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140941148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation on the bomb case effects of non‐ideal aluminized explosive 非理想铝化炸药炸弹效应的数值模拟

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202300290

Yin Li, Guoqiang Deng

{"title":"Numerical simulation on the bomb case effects of non‐ideal aluminized explosive","authors":"Yin Li, Guoqiang Deng","doi":"10.1002/prep.202300290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300290","url":null,"abstract":"The detonation process of non‐ideal explosives is influenced by the casing of the bomb. Non‐ideal charges in the process of the explosion of live ammunition energy output mechanism and distribution ratio, the impact of the case on the explosion flow field, and other issues cannot be obtained through the existing theoretical analysis and testing techniques to obtain specific values. This paper establishes a “detonation+afterburning” energy output model to characterize the energy release characteristics of non‐ideal charges, using step‐by‐step numerical simulation of the near and middle, and far fields of the explosion, and verify simulation results through experiments, quantitative analysis the case of a type of earth penetrator on the normal particle size (4 μm) and two times the normal particle size (8 μm) of non‐ideal charges of aluminum powder explosion process. The results indicate that the presence of the casing enhances the energy output of aluminum powder with 4 μm by ≈5 %. When the particle size of aluminum powder is doubled, the maximum reaction rate and the peak of the shock wave are merely around 35 % and 75 %, respectively, compared to those of normal particle size. The detonation products, case fragments, and air constitute 49 %, 48 %, and 3 % of the overall explosion energy, respectively. The proportional equation of the conversion between the chemical energy of the explosion and the kinetic energy of the case fragments is obtained. These conclusions can provide data support for the design of non‐ideal charge warheads, lethality assessment, and establishment of engineering protection standards.","PeriodicalId":20800,"journal":{"name":"Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140672325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on combustion characteristics and pyrotechnic cutting effects of bimetal thermite Ni/Al/Fe2O3 system 双金属热敏镍/铝/Fe2O3 体系的燃烧特性和烟火切割效果研究

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202300285

Mi Li, Zhongxuan Han, Lin Jiang, Guozhong Xu

{"title":"Study on combustion characteristics and pyrotechnic cutting effects of bimetal thermite Ni/Al/Fe2O3 system","authors":"Mi Li, Zhongxuan Han, Lin Jiang, Guozhong Xu","doi":"10.1002/prep.202300285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300285","url":null,"abstract":"Nano‐thermite has become a subject of significant interest in the composite energetic materials field due to its high energy release rate. To cater to diverse engineering needs, thermite formulations are often customized to fulfill specific criteria. This study investigates the potential of metal nickel (Ni) as an additive to modify nano‐thermite formulations, selected for its optimal calorific values and chemical reactivity. The base materials, nano‐aluminum (Al) and iron oxide (Fe2O3), are blended with varying mass ratios of Ni (1 %, 3 %, 5 %, 7 %, 9 %) using the wet ball milling method. Pre‐reaction and post‐reaction morphological and compositional alterations in the resultant thermite samples are scrutinized through SEM and XRD characterization tests. Moreover, DSC analysis and combustion experiments were conducted to examine the pyrolysis and combustion behaviors of the evaluated samples. The results reveal a reduced exothermic peak on the DSC curves with the introduction of Ni, making the liquid‐solid (L‐S) phase reaction more challenging compared to the Al/Fe2O3 thermite. Intriguingly, Ni addition progressively decreases the combustion temperature of thermites as the Ni's mass ratio increases, with a peak efficiency at 7 % in the perforation tests on stainless‐steel plates. This research further reveals that the thermite reaction mechanism is a combined consequence of the “pre‐ignition‐fusion” and “fusion‐diffusion” mechanisms. These insights can provide valuable guidance for designing thermite formulations for potential applications in storage, management, and pyrotechnic cutting areas.","PeriodicalId":20800,"journal":{"name":"Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140676199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure optimization of linear shaped charge based on different explosives 基于不同炸药的线性定型装药结构优化

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202300321

Xin Mao, Tianbao Ma, Jing Liu

{"title":"Structure optimization of linear shaped charge based on different explosives","authors":"Xin Mao, Tianbao Ma, Jing Liu","doi":"10.1002/prep.202300321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300321","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the damage ability of traditional shaped charge, a special linear shaped charge is designed. The driving characteristics of B explosive, HMX based explosive (JO‐8) and CL‐20 based explosive on linear explosively formed projectile (LEFP) are compared. The forming effect of LEFP is analyzed, the structural parameters of LEFP are designed, and the structure of shaped charge is optimized by combining genetic algorithm (NSGA‐II) and sequence quadratic programming (NLPQL). The Pulsed X‐ray experiment of scale LEFP is carried out. The results show that: (1) under the same structure, the LEFP formed by the shaped charge using CL‐20 explosive has better performance; (2) the LEFP formed by optimized B explosive is superior to that formed by unoptimized JO‐8 explosive, while LEFP formed by optimized JO‐8 explosive is superior to that formed by CL‐20 explosive, which indicates that explosives with lower energy density can also produce better LEFP after optimization; (3) The experimental results are consistent with the numerical results, which verifies the reliability of the numerical simulation and the effectiveness of the optimization method.","PeriodicalId":20800,"journal":{"name":"Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140674625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation of multi‐layer flyer impact initiation of a certain PBX explosive 某种 PBX 炸药的多层传单冲击起爆数值模拟

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202300252

Jingyao Yuan, Yingliang Duan, Yong Han

引用次数: 0

Thermal structural damage and thermal decomposition characterization of GAP propellants with nitrate ester plasticizers 含硝酸酯类增塑剂的 GAP 推进剂的热结构损伤和热分解特性分析

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202300331

Fengkai Jin, Yi Wu, Haibo Wu, Junsen Yang, Haitao Li, Xiangyang Liu, Xiao Hou

{"title":"Thermal structural damage and thermal decomposition characterization of GAP propellants with nitrate ester plasticizers","authors":"Fengkai Jin, Yi Wu, Haibo Wu, Junsen Yang, Haitao Li, Xiangyang Liu, Xiao Hou","doi":"10.1002/prep.202300331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300331","url":null,"abstract":"GAP and nitrate ester compounds are introduced into the solid propellant formulation as energetic binders and energetic plasticizing agents, respectively, to further enhance the energy level of solid propellants. However, under abnormal thermal conditions, various components within GAP propellants, especially nitrate ester plasticizers, can collectively result in the generation of a large number of voids within the propellant due to factors such as thermal stress and slow component decomposition. This phenomenon can impact the safety of solid rocket engines, necessitating research into their thermal decomposition processes and thermal damage structures. In this study, the thermal decomposition characteristics and gas products of GAP propellants with different nitrate ester plasticizer formulations were investigated using DSC‐TG and FT‐IR. The damage structure of GAP propellants heated under unignited conditions was studied through Micro‐CT, examining the influence of heating conditions and nitrate ester plasticizers on the thermal damage structure of GAP propellants. During heating, the thermal damage structure of GAP propellants was found to include voids generated within the GAP binder and cracks at the interface between the GAP binder and particles, with nitroglycerin as a plasticizer exacerbating the thermal damage of GAP propellants (about 2.2–2.9 times).","PeriodicalId":20800,"journal":{"name":"Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140677680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of AP distribution on energy release characteristics and functional force of HMX/AP/Al explosives AP 分布对 HMX/AP/Al 炸药能量释放特性和作用力的影响

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202300263

Han Gao, Wen Pan, Xiao-Jun Feng

{"title":"Effect of AP distribution on energy release characteristics and functional force of HMX/AP/Al explosives","authors":"Han Gao, Wen Pan, Xiao-Jun Feng","doi":"10.1002/prep.202300263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300263","url":null,"abstract":"In order to understand the reaction kinetics of HMX/AP/Al ternary system, the different distribution of AP in HMX/AP/Al explosives was realized by two different preparation techniques. Detonation test results show that the detonation velocity, explosion heat and detonation pressure of HAP samples are higher than those of HAl samples, but the extent of improvement is not high, not more than 5 %. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that AP in HAP samples was distributed on the surface of HMX crystal. AP were dispersed around HMX crystals in HAl samples. The experimental results of explosive fireball performance show that the fireball expansion speed of HAP samples is better than that of HAl samples, demonstrating a good fireball effect. Underwater test results show that the shock wave peak pressure and bubble pulsation period of HAP samples increase by 3.06 % and 7.95 % respectively, and shock wave energy and bubble energy increase by 9.8 % and 25.42 % compared with bubble energy. The experimental results show that HAP samples are superior to HAl samples in accelerating ability of Al flies. The dispersion of AP on the HMX crystal surface promotes the energy release of HMX/AP/Al explosives more.","PeriodicalId":20800,"journal":{"name":"Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140674383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation and mapping of toxic fumes produced by detonation of ANFO explosives in underground space 调查和绘制地下空间 ANFO 炸药爆炸产生的有毒烟雾图

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202400002

Firoj Ali, V. K. Himanshu, Arvind Kumar, A. K. Vishwakarma, Sanjeev Kumar Sahu, Purushottam Das Bohra, Arvind Kumar Mishra

{"title":"Investigation and mapping of toxic fumes produced by detonation of ANFO explosives in underground space","authors":"Firoj Ali, V. K. Himanshu, Arvind Kumar, A. K. Vishwakarma, Sanjeev Kumar Sahu, Purushottam Das Bohra, Arvind Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1002/prep.202400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202400002","url":null,"abstract":"Post‐blast fumes are hazardous and known to cause severe health related issues of workers. Further, these harmful gases have a significant impact on the surrounding environment. Thus, it is imperative to have an in‐depth understanding of the real time detonation fume generation in underground space to avoid hazardous health risk of the worker. In this context, the mapping of toxic fume concentrations generated by the detonation of ANFO explosives in the actual field is a fascinating area of research that has a great environmental impact. This article examined the real‐time analysis of toxic fumes generated by ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) explosives at various locations of a metalliferous underground mine. Furthermore, detonation parameters of various ANFO explosive compositions were also studied at the mining site. On‐site blasting studies were performed with ANFO explosives, and post‐detonation fume measurements enabled us to map the CO and NOx concentrations in underground spaces. Toxic fumes like CO and NOx were analyzed before and after each blasting operation at different intervals, and found within the allowed limit as per the Directorate General of Mines Safety guidelines. Additionally, an empirical correlation has been established to evaluate the maximum detonation velocity based on the alteration of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil composition.","PeriodicalId":20800,"journal":{"name":"Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140675842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On‐demand microwave growth of porosity within a granular composite energetic material: Void formation via a dielectric loss phase change binder additive for propellant burning rate control 在颗粒状复合高能材料中按需用微波制造孔隙：通过介电损耗相变粘合剂添加剂形成空隙，控制推进剂燃烧速率

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202300229

Justin A. Lajoie, Brock Jones, Adam R. Lawrence, Stuart J. Barkley, Travis R. Sippel

{"title":"On‐demand microwave growth of porosity within a granular composite energetic material: Void formation via a dielectric loss phase change binder additive for propellant burning rate control","authors":"Justin A. Lajoie, Brock Jones, Adam R. Lawrence, Stuart J. Barkley, Travis R. Sippel","doi":"10.1002/prep.202300229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300229","url":null,"abstract":"This study demonstrates, for the first time ever, the ability to grow, in an on‐command fashion, porosity within a granular composite energetic material to effect a change in energy output rate. Specifically, the study investigates the change in burning rates of ammonium perchlorate composite propellants as a result of porosity created in situ via microwave field‐driven volatilization of the low boiling point binder additive, ethylene glycol. Theoretical mass densities were measured before and after microwave irradiation finding that the maximum observed %TMD change for tested propellants is 6 %. Propellants were burned at 1.72 MPa to 6.89 MPa pressures, finding that for all propellants, microwave irradiation produced a change in ballistic characteristics. Most propellant formulations demonstrate acceptable burning rate parameters for use within rocket motors; some exhibited a large change in their pressure exponent as well as slope breaks attributed to the onset of convective burning, while microwave irradiation produced no change in burning rate or density in reference propellants without the additive. Microwave heating simulation results are presented to gain insight into the thermal environment of the propellant during microwave irradiation. These results provide valuable insight into propellant formulations that can have their burning rates (and thus the thrust profile for motor grains) altered after casting via microwave irradiation.","PeriodicalId":20800,"journal":{"name":"Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microencapsulation of ADN with HTPB‐based membrane in the presence of the bonding agents Tepan or Tepanol** 在粘合剂 Tepan 或 Tepanol 存在的情况下，用基于 HTPB 的膜对 ADN 进行微胶囊化**

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1002/prep.202300289

Jessica O. Silva, Kamila P. Cardoso, Milton F. Diniz, Márcio Y. Nagamachi, Luiz F. A. Ferrão

{"title":"Microencapsulation of ADN with HTPB‐based membrane in the presence of the bonding agents Tepan or Tepanol**","authors":"Jessica O. Silva, Kamila P. Cardoso, Milton F. Diniz, Márcio Y. Nagamachi, Luiz F. A. Ferrão","doi":"10.1002/prep.202300289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300289","url":null,"abstract":"Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) has appeared as a promising oxidizer for green propellants and thereby a potential substitute for ammonium perchlorate, largely in use in composite propellants for tactical and strategic long‐range missiles. The novelty lies in replacing ammonium perchlorate with a chlorine‐free oxidizer less harmful to the health and environment. However, ADN is hygroscopic and can potentially react with other chemical components, which could be overcome by microencapsulating the particles. The simple coacervation method was tested herein to microencapsulate ADN with a membrane made of hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene as pre‐polymer and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate as the curing agent. The effect of polyamine bonding agents on the capsule formation was tested by adding 0.5 or 2 % of Tepan or Tepanol, whose efficacy to bond to ADN was confirmed by detecting ammonia release through infrared spectroscopy. The capsule membrane was examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The dissolution time and rate were the parameters adopted to quantify permeability in a straight dissolution test in water, which demonstrated that 0.5 % Tepanol can provide the most effective protection. The infrared spectroscopy indicated that 60 °C temperature for prolonged periods, normally experienced by propellants, does not chemically affect the capsules’ membrane but can turn it lumpy. In conclusion, these polyamine bonding agents can assist the capsule formation over ADN particles using the simple coacervation method, however, their functionality on mechanical properties of propellants needs to be substantiated in forthcoming works as well as the effect of the concentration of bonding agents on propellant formulations.","PeriodicalId":20800,"journal":{"name":"Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140629993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0