Public Health Reports最新文献

{"title":"Nonoccupational Physical Activity During Pregnancy, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2023.","authors":"Jasmine Y Nakayama, Geoffrey P Whitfield, Jennifer M Bombard, Kelly R Evenson","doi":"10.1177/00333549251342889","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00333549251342889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physical activity during pregnancy has numerous health benefits. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of nonoccupational physical activity among pregnant women aged 18 to 49 years in the United States. Using 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we estimated the prevalence of meeting the aerobic guideline (≥150 minutes/week of moderate intensity-equivalent aerobic activity) and muscle-strengthening activity (≥2 episodes/week) among 2104 pregnant women aged 18 to 49 years in the United States and explored sociodemographic differences with adjusted logistic regression modeling. Overall, 49.0% (44.5%-53.4%) and 28.6% (24.9%-32.2%) of women met the aerobic activity guideline and participated in ≥2 episodes per week of muscle-strengthening activity, respectively. In adjusted analyses, we found sociodemographic differences for meeting the aerobic activity guideline (by age, race and ethnicity, and general health) and for participating in ≥2 episodes per week of muscle-strengthening activity (by general health). Opportunities exist to increase physical activity among pregnant women of diverse backgrounds through comprehensive, multilevel approaches so that more people can experience its health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251342889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic Record Linkage of 2 Gun Violence Datasets.","authors":"Iris Horng, Qishuo Yin, William Chan, Jared Murray, Dylan S Small","doi":"10.1177/00333549251342988","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00333549251342988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Gun violence is a serious public health problem in the United States. The Gun Violence Archive (GVA) provides detailed geographic information, while the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) offers demographic, socioeconomic, and narrative data on gun homicides. We developed and tested a method for merging datasets to inform analysis and strategies to reduce gun violence rates in the United States.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>After preprocessing the data, we used a probabilistic record linkage program to link records from the GVA (n = 36 245) with records from the NVDRS (n = 30 592). We evaluated sensitivity (the false-match rate) by using a manual approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The linkage returned 27 420 matches of gun violence incidents from the GVA and NVDRS datasets. Because of restricted details accessible from GVA online records, only 942 of these matched records could be manually evaluated. Our framework achieved a 90.1% (849 of 942) accuracy rate in linking GVA incidents with corresponding NVDRS records.</p><p><strong>Practice implications: </strong>Electronic linkage of gun violence data from 2 sources is feasible and can be used to increase the utility of the datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251342988"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabarcoding Study of Fecal Bacterial and Eukaryotic Pathogens in Stray and Pet Cats in Seoul, South Korea, 2022.","authors":"Maria Gloria Ojeda Ayala, Singeun Oh, Jun Ho Choi, Myung-Hee Yi, Myungjun Kim, Dongjun Kang, Soo Lim Kim, Fred Odua, Isuru Liyanagama, Ju Yeong Kim","doi":"10.1177/00333549251342745","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00333549251342745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Zoonotic diseases pose substantial public health risks because of their potential transmission from animals to humans. As pets, cats can harbor these pathogens. The objective of this study was to describe bacterial and eukaryotic pathogens in the feces of stray and pet cats in Seoul, South Korea, using next-generation sequencing techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected 26 fresh fecal samples (17 from pet cats and 9 from stray cats) in Seoul's Mapo-gu District in April and May 2022. Amplicon sequencing targeted the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene for bacterial pathogens and the V9 region of the 18S rRNA gene for eukaryotic pathogens. We used QIIME 2 to conduct bioinformatic analysis, assessing alpha diversity with the Shannon Diversity Index and beta diversity with principal coordinates analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance. We used ALDEx2 and an analysis of the composition of microbiomes to analyze differential abundance and χ² tests to assess pathogen prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all 26 samples, <i>Helicobacter</i> spp (77%; n = 20) and <i>Campylobacter</i> spp (69%; n = 18) were the most prevalent bacterial pathogens. <i>Escherichia-Shigella</i> spp were more common in stray cats (56% [5 of 9]) than in pet cats (12% [2 of 17]) as were <i>Brachyspira</i> spp (stray cats, 44% [4 of 9]; pet cats, 0%). Of eukaryotic pathogens, <i>Giardia</i> spp (19% [5 of 26]) were most prevalent across both groups, with <i>Pentatrichomonas</i> spp significantly more common in stray cats (22% [2 of 9]) than in pet cats (0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found distinct fecal microbial communities in stray versus pet cats, with a higher prevalence of potential pathogens in stray cats. These findings emphasize the need for public health planning and effective measures for controlling stray cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251342745"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C Testing Protocols Across Massachusetts Jails, 2022-2023: An Opportunity for Intervention.","authors":"Caitlin M Farrell, Elizabeth C Pino","doi":"10.1177/00333549251325067","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00333549251325067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hepatitis C virus (HCV), the most common blood-borne infection in the United States and a leading cause of liver disease, disproportionately affects populations who are incarcerated. Despite the prevalence of HCV infection among people involved in the criminal legal system, HCV testing and treatment policies are not yet standardized. Our study sought to examine the differences in HCV testing and treatment protocols across Massachusetts county jails.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we examined the HCV testing and treatment protocols of the 14 county jails in Massachusetts from November 2022 through February 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 12 jails that responded to requests for information, 10 jails used opt-in testing, 1 jail used opt-out testing, and 1 jail had no testing protocol. All 12 jails explicitly inquired about HCV history at intake, but only 3 jails inquired about current HCV treatment. For the 5 jails that had treatment initiation policies, all had barriers to treatment, including mandatory length-of-stay or sobriety requirements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings from this study underscore the need for policy changes that require adoption of universal opt-out HCV testing across county jails and standardized HCV treatment protocols, with a focus on linkage to outpatient care and treatment of substance use disorder. This approach can address HCV in populations who are incarcerated and can help mitigate health disparities between incarcerated people and the general public.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251325067"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Health Response to COVID-19 Among Travelers Disembarked From the <i>Grand Princess</i> Cruise Ship, March 2020.","authors":"Rilene A Chew Ng, Maureen Fonseca-Ford, Cindy R Friedman, Kara Tardivel, Stefanie White, Ryan Murphy, Lyle R Petersen, Kathleen Attfield, William A Bower, Erin L Murray, Seema Jain, Mariel Marlow, William Wheeler, Lauren J Stockman, Paul Mead, Nicki T Pesik, Dale Rose, Paul J Weidle, Adam Readhead, Debra A Wadford, Aimee Treffiletti, Jonathon R Bartlett, Jeanne Eckes-Roper, John T Redd, Joanna J Regan, Lisa Rotz, Joaquin Rueda, Deborah Dee, Deniz Dominguez, Tamara Hennessy-Burt, Allison Jacobsen, Martin S Cetron, Clive Brown, Leah Moriarty, Shannon M Casillas, Paige A Armstrong, Ryan T Novak","doi":"10.1177/00333549251321762","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00333549251321762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cruise ship settings can facilitate transmission of respiratory infections. In March 2020, a COVID-19 outbreak occurred on the <i>Grand Princess</i> cruise ship. We describe the public health response, including a large-scale US federal quarantine intended to limit spread to communities not yet affected by COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All US residents and symptomatic people requiring hospitalization disembarked beginning on March 9 and were transported to designated US military bases for federal quarantine or to hospitals or alternate care sites for medical care. Foreign nationals remained on board (crew) or were repatriated (passengers). People under federal quarantine were monitored daily for symptoms and tested voluntarily for SARS-CoV-2 upon arrival, as tests became available, and if symptoms developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 3582 travelers (passengers and crew) on board, 2013 (56%) went to military bases, 59 (2%) went to hospitals or alternate care sites, 419 (12%) were repatriated, and the remainder (crew) quarantined on board. Overall, 1144 travelers (32%) were tested for SARS-CoV-2; of those, 155 (14%) had a positive test result. Among 2013 US residents quarantined, 1054 (52%) were tested. Of those, 115 (11%) had a positive test result, 37 (32%) of whom were symptomatic at testing. Proportions tested across bases ranged from 28% to 89%; test positivity ranged from 10% to 16%. Of 31 travelers hospitalized, the median (IQR) stay was 4 (4-9) nights, and 9 (29%) travelers died of SARS-CoV-2 complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The <i>Grand Princess</i> outbreak was the first confirmed COVID-19 outbreak on a cruise ship in US waters. Multiagency public health responses allowed for isolation and quarantine, potentially helping to slow transmission into US communities. Ensuring that cruise ships have plans for communicable disease control and mitigation helps protect passenger and crew well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251321762"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Individual-Level Preparedness for Natural Disasters and Trust in Disaster Assistance in the United States, 2024.","authors":"Christine Crudo Blackburn, Matthew R Boyce, Mayra Rico, Kirk Niekamp, Jason Moats, Tiffany Radcliff, Elizabeth Thomas","doi":"10.1177/00333549251341236","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00333549251341236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Preparation for disasters at an individual level is one of the most fundamental and least expensive methods to prepare for disasters. We investigated predictors for individual-level natural disaster preparedness and trust in disaster assistance among adults aged ≥18 years in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To examine individual-level preparedness for natural disasters in the United States, we conducted an online survey grounded in the theory of planned behavior from April 24 through June 3, 2024. We used logistic regression models to analyze relationships between individual-level preparedness outcomes and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics (<i>P</i> < .05 indicated significance).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2898 individuals completed the survey. Individual-level preparedness for natural disasters and trust in disaster assistance were significantly higher among respondents previously affected by a natural disaster, who were 233% and 134% more likely to have an evacuation plan and an emergency kit, respectively, than respondents with no disaster experience. Female respondents were 21% and 19% less likely to have an evacuation plan and an emergency kit, respectively, than male respondents, and unemployed respondents were 41% and 47% less likely to have an evacuation plan and an emergency kit, respectively, than employed respondents. Age, annual household income, and political affiliation were also significant predictors for selected aspects of individual-level preparedness. For example, respondents aged ≥65 years were 63% more likely to state confidence in knowing where to get disaster information than respondents aged 18 to 34 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With a likelihood of more frequent and severe disasters in the future, public health officials should recognize differences among predictors of individual-level preparedness for disasters and develop strategies to address gaps in preparedness across demographic groups and subpopulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251341236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12152004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Literacy and Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Bonnie Beasant, Kara Anderson, Georgie Lee, Mojtaba Lotfaliany, Monica Tembo, Scott McCoombe, Vanessa Vaughan, Julie A Pasco, Sarah M Hosking","doi":"10.1177/00333549251322649","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00333549251322649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for a large global burden of disease, a large proportion of CVD incidence can be prevented through health literacy (ie, the skills and resources of an individual to access, understand, and use information to make decisions and act on one's own health and health care). We reviewed and synthesized peer-reviewed literature on health literacy and primary prevention of CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We followed methods from the review's previously published protocol, which outlined a search strategy conducted on August 16, 2024, for 6 databases, linking concepts of health literacy and CVD risk and its associated knowledge, attitudes, or practices. One reviewer screened and extracted all articles, and a second reviewer screened a randomly selected 10% of articles at each stage to examine interrater agreement. We used the Office of Health Assessment and Translation Risk of Bias Tool to assess the potential risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 35 studies in the synthesis, 26 (74%) were cross-sectional and 21 (60%) measured functional health literacy only. Twenty-three articles investigated health literacy as an exposure variable, 20 of which reported significant results. Eight articles examined the administration of health literacy interventions to populations at risk of CVD, and 4 presented health literacy profiles of populations at risk of CVD. Each study demonstrated at least 1 area of potential risk of bias but was deemed low risk of bias overall.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Several studies in this review found an association between health literacy and CVD risk. More longitudinal studies, as well as studies that measure health literacy more deeply than simply reading and comprehending health texts, are needed to better understand the extent of this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251322649"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic and eHealth Literacy Among Nursing Students in the United States and Türkiye, 2022.","authors":"Sultan Ayaz-Alkaya, Hanna Belay","doi":"10.1177/00333549251341230","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00333549251341230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In health emergencies such as pandemics, nurses are on the front lines, thus increasing their risk of psychological distress. The mental health of nursing students may also deteriorate as a result of changes in learning and clinical practice environments. We measured the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and electronic health (eHealth) literacy among nursing students and identified associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a cross-sectional design to analyze students studying at 2 nursing schools in the United States and Türkiye (N = 887 nursing students). We used the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (range, 7-35) and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (range, 5-20) to measure fear and anxiety of the COVID-19 pandemic, and we used the Electronic Health Literacy Scale (range, 8-40) to measure eHealth literacy among students from April through June 2022. We conducted 1-way multivariate analysis of variance (F) to examine the relationships among variables, with <i>P</i> ≤ .05 considered as significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students had mean scores of 30.7 for eHealth literacy, 14.1 for Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and 6.2 for Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Scores for eHealth literacy varied according to the students' school, academic level, and employment but were generally high. Sex (Wilks λ = 0.952; <i>F</i> = 14.787; <i>P</i> < .001) and the frequency of following news related to COVID-19 (Wilks λ = 0.927; <i>F</i> = 11.424; <i>P</i> < .001) influenced COVID-19-related fear and anxiety. eHealth literacy and fear of COVID-19 differed significantly by students' vaccine dose (λ = 0.983; <i>F</i> = 5.081; <i>P</i> = .002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increasing the level of eHealth literacy can contribute to reducing the psychological effects of health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, among nursing students.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251341230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excess Deaths in California During the COVID-19 Pandemic, by Healthy Places Index Quartile, February 2020-April 2022.","authors":"Celeste J Romano, Tiffany N Tsukuda, Rui Zhao, Joshua Quint, Seema Jain, Erin L Murray","doi":"10.1177/00333549251314409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549251314409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Place-based disadvantage indices have been used to assess health disparities and allocate funding and health resources. We assessed excess mortality in California during the COVID-19 pandemic by Healthy Places Index (HPI) quartile, a disadvantage index used by the California Department of Public Health to structure COVID-19 response efforts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We estimated expected deaths from all causes during the COVID-19 pandemic by fitting a quasi-Poisson regression model to actual deaths that occurred from 2014 through 2019. We estimated ranges of excess deaths by calculating differences between actual deaths and (1) the average expected number of deaths and (2) the upper bound of the 95% prediction interval. The percentage of excess deaths equaled the number of excess deaths divided by the corresponding threshold. We reported estimates overall and across demographic groups, stratified by HPI quartile; quartile 4 indicated communities with the most advantaged social and environmental conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From February 2020 through April 2022, the number of excess deaths in California ranged from 81 245 to 107 806, with 93 309 deaths attributed to COVID-19. The number of excess deaths decreased across quartiles, from 27 924 to 35 615 (20.5%-28.0%) in HPI quartile 1 to 7757 to 14 477 (4.6%-9.2%) in HPI quartile 4. The Hispanic or Latine population had a disproportionate percentage of excess deaths across all quartiles, whereas American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, and White (all non-Hispanic) populations had percentage excess death estimates in quartile 2 that were similar to or higher than in quartile 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Health policies should supplement the use of place-based disparity measures with other measures that support groups at high risk for adverse health outcomes residing in more socially and environmentally advantaged communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251314409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a Vaccine Mandate in Nonessential Public Spaces in New Orleans, Louisiana, on COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake, 2021-2022.","authors":"Aneeka Ratnayake, Charles Stoecker, Patricia J Kissinger","doi":"10.1177/00333549251315073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549251315073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>During the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine hesitancy in the United States was a key driver of continued COVID-19 transmission and the emergence of new variants. We examined the effect of a mandate that required patrons at nonessential venues (eg, restaurants, bars) in New Orleans, Louisiana, to be vaccinated to enter these establishments from August 2021 through March 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We implemented a parish-level synthetic control model that compared vaccination trends in Orleans Parish (county) (the boundaries of Orleans Parish are equivalent to the city of New Orleans) with a synthetic composite of other parishes in Louisiana that had similar vaccination trends before the mandate. We used permutation testing (ie, shuffle testing) to determine the significance of differences in vaccination rates between Orleans Parish and other parishes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals in Orleans Parish initiated an average of 760 more vaccines weekly during the 31 weeks in which the mandate was in place, which was significantly higher than expected based on the synthetic control (<i>P</i> = .03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rate of vaccine initiation increased during the vaccine mandate for nonessential venues. Implementing such mandates may be an effective intervention in overcoming COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy during a future pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251315073"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}