Psychiatria Danubina最新文献

{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF THIRD-GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS ON THE PSYCHOSOCIAL FUNCTIONING OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA.","authors":"Anna Spikina, Andrey Savelyev, Anastasiya Odinets, Tatiana Korman, Sergey Musatov, Andrey Spikin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The degree of cognitive impairment and verbal fluency are more important predictors of a patient's social rehabilitation than the severity of negative or positive symptoms. At the same time, researchers have confirmed and rejected linkages between linguistic functioning and certain cognitive functions in various studies. In several cases these correlations were observed, but did not reach any statistical significance. The aim of this study was to investigate and understand the effects of cognitive decline and impaired fluency on the social functioning of patients with schizophrenia, using a set of experimental psychological techniques on a homogeneous group of patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 30 patients with paranoid schizophrenia. The average age of the patients was around 22 years. All patients received cariprazine in doses of 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 mg per day. Assessment was performed at baseline and after 8 months using a battery of neurocognitive tests, verbal fluency tests, social functioning scales, PANSS scale and adverse effect scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Assessment of higher cognitive functions through verbal fluency may provide a new approach to assessing social functioning. Since social engagement and social involvement usually require considerable effort, the ability of verbal fluency tests may help assess social functioning in a time-constrained clinical setting by both psychologists and psychiatrists, without additional training in clinical psychology. Subsequently, the impact of both antipsychotic treatment and neurocognitive training in improving social outcomes in patients with schizophrenia may be assessed. Comparisons of different antipsychotic medications and combination treatments and a longer-term assessment after 2-3 years of treatment are also needed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Verbal fluency deficits can serve as early indicators of cognitive decline and indicators of the success of psychosocial interventions, characterizing the clinical condition of patients and their social functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"278-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPULSIVITY AND PSYCHIATRIC REHABILITATION INTERVENTIONS: A STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF PATIENTS INCLUDED IN REHABILITATION PROGRAMS.","authors":"Maria Vincenza Minò, Antonella Vacca, Antonella Litta, Andreana Franza, Francesco Franza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impulsivity is a frequent feature in patients with psychiatric disorders. Its evaluation can facilitate therapeutic interventions. In our study, we evaluated the impulsivity of 55 patients residing in psychiatric rehabilitation facilities using the BIS-11 scale. We evaluated its relationship with educational and social rehabilitation intervention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"417-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FOUR APPROACHES TO THE UNCONSCIOUS.","authors":"Olivier Le Bon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The concept of the unconscious has evolved across disciplines, originating in philosophy, hypnosis, and psychoanalysis, and later redefined through modern neuroscience and cognitive science. Whereas early models primarily regarded it as a repository of repressed content, contemporary perspectives emphasize its adaptive, dynamic, multi-layered, and often non-pathological functions.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This article provides a conceptual review of four major frameworks - psychoanalysis, Ericksonian hypnosis, cognitive sciences, and neuroscience. Through comparative analysis, it examines how each tradition conceptualizes unconscious processes and their relationship with conscious awareness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite divergent epistemologies, these approaches converge on several points: unconscious processes are real, influential, and often operate independently of conscious control. Each discipline contributes unique mechanisms - symbolic repression (psychoanalysis), therapeutic suggestion (hypnosis), automatic heuristics (cognitive science), and subcortical emotional circuits (neuroscience). Integration across these models reveals a layered topology of mind, encompassing dynamic, pre-reflective, and subliminal forms of unconscious activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A comprehensive understanding of the unconscious requires interdisciplinary synthesis. Such integration offers not only theoretical coherence but also practical value in clinical settings, where unconscious processes manifest as symptoms, biases, or somatic expressions. The unconscious is no longer merely a hidden domain - it is central to mental functioning and human experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"18-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF WORK-RELATED STRESS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BINGE EATING DISORDER AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS.","authors":"Francesco Pastore, Elisa Albino, Emanuela Domenicone, Larissa Domeneck, Stephanie Domeneck Nissan, Antonella Litta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is a prevalent and under-recognized eating disorder associated with psychological distress and maladaptive coping. Healthcare professionals are frequently exposed to high levels of occupational stress, which may increase their vulnerability to disordered eating behaviors, including BED. This study aimed to explore the relationship between work-related stress, emotional exhaustion and the risk of developing binge eating symptoms among healthcare professionals in Italy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between May and July 2024 among 312 healthcare professionals. Participants completed a structured questionnaire comprising sociodemographic data, stress-related variables, the Emotional Exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Binge Eating Scale (BES).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample was predominantly female (81.7%) with a mean age of 37.6 years. Twenty percent reported a history of eating disorders and 60.3% reported stress or anxiety. Significant associations were found between BES scores and stress-related variables, including anxiety, emotional exhaustion, eating during work breaks and vending machine use (p< 0.005). Higher BES scores were correlated with burnout symptoms such as fatigue, emotional drain and inability to cope. A strong association also emerged between BES scores and the perceived impact of stress on eating habits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Work-related stress and burnout symptoms are significantly associated with binge eating tendencies among healthcare professionals. Preventive strategies - such as institutional stress management programs and access to healthy food - are essential to promote well-being and prevent maladaptive eating behaviors in high-stress healthcare environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"344-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE MYTH OF SEROTONIN THEORY OF DEPRESSION: AN ANALYSIS OF UMBRELLA REVIEW METHODOLOGIES AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS.","authors":"Alessandro Lepri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The serotonin theory of depression, long a dominant paradigm in psychiatry, has been recently challenged by a comprehensive umbrella review by, which concludes that there is no consistent evidence linking serotonin activity to depressive disorders. This article critically analyzes that review alongside two major commentaries that raise substantial methodological and interpretative concerns. Focusing on review design, inclusion criteria, quality assessment tools, and neuropharmacological interpretations, we highlight the extent to which methodological limitations can shape the conclusions of evidence syntheses. While Moncrieff's work provokes valuable scientific debate, its post-hoc protocol amendments, selective reporting, and down-weighting of serotonergic findings weaken its conclusiveness. We argue for a more nuanced understanding of serotonin's role in depression, not as a sole cause but as a potential modulatory factor in vulnerable populations. The implications for clinical practice and public communication are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"187-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NON-SUICIDAL SELF-INJURY IN ITALIAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS: 5 CASE REPORTS.","authors":"Donatella Costa, Giuseppe Tavormina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By definition, adolescence is an age of transition, full of numerous small and major crises. Over the past few years, various data underscore the prominence of adolescent distress. In some cases, the malaise manifests through acting out and self-destructive behaviours. During adolescence, young people may experience a range of physical, emotional and social changes that can increase the risk of non-suicidal self-injury. Non-suicidal self-injury is a complex behaviour of intentionally inflicting pain or injury on oneself, frequently as mechanism to handle stress, anxiety, or other negative emotions. The scientific literature on self-injury is complex and multifactorial, encompassing several psychological, social, and biological factors. This paper describes the risk factors, the prevalence of the phenomenon, and its potential psychological meanings. Furthermore, 5 case reports are presented, involving female adolescents aged 15 to 18 who exhibit non-suicidal self-injury. Anamnestic data and each adolescent's own life history were collected through in-person and online interviews in school-based listening services. Non-suicidal self-injury is a significant problem which requires an integrated prevention approach among the various stakeholders in the school system. Network synergy between school, family and social workers is crucial in order to promote the adolescent well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"438-441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CASE SERIES STUDY ON MENTALIZATION-BASED GROUP THERAPY FOR ADULTS WITH OBESITY FOLLOWING BARIATRIC SURGERY.","authors":"Veronica Raspa, Patrizia Moretti, Francesca Di Maio, Francesca Bellucci, Margherita Guercini, Claudia Mazzeschi, Alfonso Tortorella","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a multifaceted condition with biological, psychological, and social determinants. Despite the effectiveness of bariatric surgery for severe obesity, long-term outcomes often depend on the patient's psychological adjustment and capacity for behavioral change. Emerging evidence suggests that mentalization, i.e., the ability to understand behavior in terms of mental states, may play a key role in sustaining these changes. To explore the effects of a group intervention on psychological functioning, reflective function, and health-related behaviors in individuals following bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multiple case study involved five cisgender women with class I obesity post-bariatric surgery referral. Three participants completed a six-month MBT group intervention. Assessments included the CORE-OM, the RFQ, and open-ended experiential questions administered pre- and post-intervention. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and visual methods; qualitative data were analyzed with lexical co-occurrence analysis using T-LAB software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Quantitative results indicated improvements in psychological symptoms, well-being, and reflective functioning. RFQ scores reflected reduced hypomentalization and hypermentalization. Lexical analysis revealed a thematic shift from concrete concerns with body weight and dietary control to more relational, emotionally nuanced, and self-reflective language. Participants reported increased emotional regulation, improved interpersonal functioning, and greater insight into their health-related behaviors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MBT may enhance post-surgical adjustment by fostering reflective capacity and emotional awareness in individuals with obesity. These findings support the integration of mentalization-focused approaches in obesity treatment to address the psychological complexities underlying health behavior change.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"368-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OUTCOMES IN MACHINE LEARNING MODELS FOR CHILD PSYCHIATRY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE.","authors":"Apolline Christine Till, Giovanni Briganti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Machine learning (ML) offers powerful tools to address the complexity and data richness of mental health research. By detecting subtle patterns, integrating diverse datasets, and supporting precise decision-making, ML holds promise for enhancing diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment. In child and adolescent psychiatry - characterized by marked clinical heterogeneity and developmental variability - ML may help disentangle complexity and guide clinical care. This systematic review examined studies applying ML to psychiatric disorders in individuals aged 0-18 years. Of 65 identified studies, 33 met inclusion criteria. Most focused on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with others addressing schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, suicidal behaviors, and depression. Overall, the emphasis was on diagnostic applications. Findings were heterogeneous due to variability in algorithms, datasets, and outcome measures, with performance ranging from modest to high. However, small sample sizes, lack of external validation, and overfitting remain major barriers. ML in child and adolescent psychiatry is at an early stage but shows considerable promise, requiring standardized methods, interpretability, and ethical safeguards for clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SAINT JOHN OF THE CROSS AND THE DEVOTION OF THE NAZZARENO OR REDENTUR; THE STORY OF HOW A SINGLE LOCUTION OR THOUGHT SPREAD ACROSS THE WORLD THROUGH EMBODIED COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE.","authors":"Mark Agius, Michaela Agius","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we describe one Locution-or thought - that Saint John of the Cross experienced, and how this locution led to the important devotion of the Redentur or Nazzareno, - Christ carrying the Cross - which still draws huge crowds of devotees worldwide. We have traced how this single thought of Saint John of the Cross has been transmitted across time and space to influence large groups of people across the centuries and continue to do so. To do this we have used numerous disciplines including Church History, Art History, Iconography, Anthropology as in Popular Religion and Story Telling and Neuroscience. In Neuroscience, we attribute this transmission through artworks to Embodied cognition, which is mediated via the Mirror Neuron System and the Default Mode Network, which also mediate Empathy and The Perception of The Self.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"70-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPLICATION OF TELEMEDICINE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN CHILDREN: A NARRATIVE REVIEW.","authors":"Oleg Khairetdinov, Lusiena Rubakova, Marina Pavlova, Eva Asatryan, Giuseppe Tavormina, Andrey Vlasov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The application of telemedicine technologies in providing psychiatric care to children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) became widespread during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to describe the types, structure, and features of tools used for the remote diagnosis of ASDs in children, based on contemporary scientific literature and our own experience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a descriptive review of scientific studies published from January 2013 to December 2024. Works presented in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and eLibrary were analyzed. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the obtained data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis convincingly demonstrates a sufficient representation of remote tools for screening, assessment scales, and structured diagnostic procedures for ASD across various countries, exhibiting high levels of specificity and sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of telemedicine diagnostic methods in clinical practice contributes to the early detection of ASDs, potentially enhancing the timeliness and effectiveness of medical and correctional interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"85-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}