Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Mindfulness for Youth (MYmind) versus Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Improving Attention and Reducing Behavioral Problems among Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Their Parents: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Samuel Yeung Shan Wong, Stanley Kam Chung Chan, Benjamin Hon Kei Yip, Wenyue Wang, Herman Hay Ming Lo, Dexing Zhang, Susan M Bögels","doi":"10.1159/000534962","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000534962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a lack of studies evaluating mindfulness-based interventions for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with an evidence-based control. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluated the effects of mindfulness for youth (MYmind) in improving children's attention, behavior, and parent-related outcomes versus cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 138 families of children with ADHD aged 8-12 years were recruited from the community with 69 randomized to MYmind and 69 to CBT. Participants were assessed at baseline, immediately after intervention, at 3 months and 6 months. The primary outcome was the attention score of the Sky Search subtest of the Test of Everyday Attention for Children (TEA-Ch). Secondary outcomes were child behavior and parent-related assessments. Linear mixed models were used to assess the efficacy of MYmind compared with CBT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both MYmind and CBT significantly improved children's attention score at 6 months (MYmind: β = 1.48, p = 0.013, Cohen's d = 0.32; CBT: β = 1.46, p = 0.008, d = 0.27). There were significant within-group improvements in most secondary outcomes. No significant difference was shown for both primary or secondary outcomes between the two arms at any time point.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both MYmind and CBT appeared to improve children's attention and behavior outcomes, although no difference was found between these two interventions. This is the largest RCT so far comparing MYmind and CBT although there was loss of follow-up assessments during the pandemic. Further RCTs adopting a non-inferiority design are needed to validate the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":" ","pages":"379-390"},"PeriodicalIF":22.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10794968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illness Denial in Medical Conditions: The Time Has Come to Include It in DSM Iterations.","authors":"Thomas N Wise","doi":"10.1159/000533287","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000533287","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":" ","pages":"292-294"},"PeriodicalIF":22.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10716871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10217833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Development of Symptoms and Staging in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology: A Tribute to Giovanni Fava.","authors":"Ulrich Schnyder","doi":"10.1159/000527462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527462","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of diagnostic manuals, such as the first mention of mental disorders in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-6) in 1948 [1] and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1952 [2], was a big step forward in the fields of psychiatry and clinical psychology. The operationalization of diagnostic criteria for mental disorders such as depression or schizophrenia, which lacked characteristic morphological features or laboratory biomarkers, greatly increased the reliability of clinicians’ diagnoses and their capacity to communicate with one another. However, those classifications were based on a cross-sectional view and informed clinicians, researchers, patients, and their relatives only little about the expected longitudinal course and development of a mental disorder. More specifically, cross-sectional diagnostics did not inform about trajectories of symptom severity over time, individual characteristics and combinations of symptoms, or comorbidities. Such elements are important when it comes to developing a sequential treatment plan and adjusting it as illness characteristics and symptom levels change over time. As early as 1967, Feinstein encouraged clinicians to develop their own “basic science” to use clinical phenomena and data to generate classification systems and to ultimately analyze the clinical process quantitatively [3]. Feinstein appears to have been a lone voice calling in the wilderness at that time though.","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":"92 1","pages":"4-8"},"PeriodicalIF":22.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10570123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients as Health Producers: The Psychosomatic Foundation of Lifestyle Medicine.","authors":"Giovanni A Fava","doi":"10.1159/000529953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529953","url":null,"abstract":"N/A.","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":"92 2","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":22.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9949292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Reality Exposure to a Healthy Weight Body Is a Promising Adjunct Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa.","authors":"Simone C Behrens,&nbsp;Joachim Tesch,&nbsp;Philine J B Sun,&nbsp;Sebastian Starke,&nbsp;Michael J Black,&nbsp;Hannah Schneider,&nbsp;Jacopo Pruccoli,&nbsp;Stephan Zipfel,&nbsp;Katrin E Giel","doi":"10.1159/000530932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000530932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>Treatment results of anorexia nervosa (AN) are modest, with fear of weight gain being a strong predictor of treatment outcome and relapse. Here, we present a virtual reality (VR) setup for exposure to healthy weight and evaluate its potential as an adjunct treatment for AN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In two studies, we investigate VR experience and clinical effects of VR exposure to higher weight in 20 women with high weight concern or shape concern and in 20 women with AN.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In study 1, 90% of participants (18/20) reported symptoms of high arousal but verbalized low to medium levels of fear. Study 2 demonstrated that VR exposure to healthy weight induced high arousal in patients with AN and yielded a trend that four sessions of exposure improved fear of weight gain. Explorative analyses revealed three clusters of individual reactions to exposure, which need further exploration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VR exposure is a well-accepted and powerful tool for evoking fear of weight gain in patients with AN. We observed a statistical trend that repeated virtual exposure to healthy weight improved fear of weight gain with large effect sizes. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms and differential effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":"92 3","pages":"170-179"},"PeriodicalIF":22.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10326841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9766041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Interventions for Adult Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Are Effective Irrespective of Concurrent Psychotropic Medication Intake: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Thole H Hoppen,&nbsp;Nexhmedin Morina","doi":"10.1159/000527850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Participants are allowed to stay on their prescribed psychotropic medication in most trials examining psychological interventions for adult post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to conduct the first meta-analysis investigating the potential influence of such concurrent medication on efficacy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To this end, we searched Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PTSDpubs from inception to April 21, 2022, for trials meeting the following criteria: (1) randomized controlled trial (RCT), (2) PTSD as primary treatment focus, (3) interview-based PTSD baseline rate ≥70%, (4) N ≥ 20, (5) mean age ≥18 years. Trials were excluded when intake of psychotropics was not (sufficiently) reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most published trials did not report on the intake of psychotropic medication. A total of 75 RCTs (N = 4,901 patients) met inclusion criteria. Trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy (TF-CBT) was the most well-researched intervention. Short-term efficacy of psychological treatments did not differ by the proportion of participants taking concurrent psychotropic medication during psychological treatment in all but one analysis. In trials comparing TF-CBT and active control conditions at posttreatment, TF-CBT was more effective when most participants were concurrently medicated (g = 0.87, 95% CI 0.53-1.22) rather than unmedicated (g = 0.27; 95% CI 0.01-0.54, p = 0.017), with younger age (b1 = -0.04, p = 0.008) and higher proportion of females (b1 = 0.01, p = 0.014) being associated with higher efficacy only in trials with high proportions of medicated participants. No differences in efficacy by proportions of participants taking concurrent psychotropic medication were found at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that psychological interventions are effective for PTSD irrespective of concurrent intake of psychotropics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":"92 1","pages":"27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":22.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10620999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychotherapy for Chronic In- and Outpatients with Common Mental Disorders: The \"Choose Change\" Effectiveness Trial.","authors":"Andrew T Gloster,&nbsp;Elisa Haller,&nbsp;Jeanette Villanueva,&nbsp;Victoria Block,&nbsp;Charles Benoy,&nbsp;Andrea H Meyer,&nbsp;Sandra Brogli,&nbsp;Veronika Kuhweide,&nbsp;Maria Karekla,&nbsp;Klaus Bader,&nbsp;Marc Walter,&nbsp;Undine Lang","doi":"10.1159/000529411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Treatment non-response occurs regularly, but psychotherapy is seldom examined for such patients. Existing studies targeted single diagnoses, were relatively small, and paid little attention to treatment under real-world conditions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Choose Change trial tested whether psychotherapy was effective in treating chronic patients with treatment non-response in a transdiagnostic sample of common mental disorders across two variants of treatment delivery (inpatient and outpatient).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The controlled nonrandomized effectiveness trial was conducted between May 2016 and May 2021. The study took place in two psychiatric clinics with N = 200 patients (n = 108 inpatients and n = 92 outpatients). Treatment variants were integrated inpatient care versus outpatient care based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for approximately 12 weeks. Therapists delivered individualized and non-manualized ACT. Main outcome measures were symptoms (Brief Symptom Checklist [BSCL]); well-being (Mental Health Continuum-Short Form [MHC-SF]), and functioning (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule [WHO-DAS]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both inpatients and outpatients showed decreases in symptomatology (i.e., BSCL: d = 0.68) and increases in well-being and functioning (MHC-SF: d = 0.60 and WHO-DAS: d = 0.70), with more improvement in the inpatients during treatment. Both groups maintained gains 1 year following treatment, and the groups did not significantly differ from each other at this timepoint. Psychological flexibility moderated impact of stress on outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Psychotherapy as practiced under routine conditions is effective for a sample of patients with common mental disorders, a long history of treatment experience and burden of disease, in both inpatient and outpatient settings.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered in the ISRCTN registry on May 20, 2016, with the registration number ISRCTN11209732.</p>","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":"92 2","pages":"124-132"},"PeriodicalIF":22.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9949312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and Anxiety Trajectories in Chronic Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Amelia J Scott, Ashleigh B Correa, Madelyne A Bisby, Blake F Dear","doi":"10.1159/000533263","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000533263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People living with chronic diseases are at an increased risk of anxiety and depression, which are associated with poorer medical and psychosocial outcomes. Many studies have examined the trajectories of depression and anxiety in people with specific diseases, including the predictors of these trajectories. This is valuable for understanding the process of adjustment to diseases and informing treatment planning. However, no review has yet synthesised this information across chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases were searched for studies reporting trajectories of depression or anxiety in chronic disease samples. Data extracted included sample characteristics, results from trajectory analyses, and predictors of trajectories. Meta-analysis of the overall pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety trajectories was conducted, and qualitative synthesis of disease severity predictors was undertaken.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following search and screening, 67 studies were included (N = 61,201 participants). Most participants followed a stable nonclinical trajectory for depression (69.0% [95% CI: 65.6, 72.2]) and anxiety (73.4% [95% CI: 66.3, 79.5]). Smaller but meaningful subsamples followed a trajectory of depression and anxiety symptoms consistently in the clinical range (11.8% [95% CI: 9.2, 14.8] and 13.7% [95% CI: 9.3, 19.7], respectively). Several clinical and methodological moderators emerged, and qualitative synthesis suggested that few aspects of disease severity were associated with participants' trajectories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most people with chronic disease follow a trajectory of distress that is low and stable, suggesting that most people psychologically adjust to living with chronic disease. Evidence also suggests that the nature and severity of the disease are not meaningful predictors of psychological distress.</p>","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":" ","pages":"227-242"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10048190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"J. Guidi, G. Fava, J. Leon","doi":"10.1159/000529257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43922595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time fMRI Functional Connectivity Neurofeedback Reducing Repetitive Negative Thinking in Depression: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Proof-of-Concept Trial.","authors":"Aki Tsuchiyagaito,&nbsp;Masaya Misaki,&nbsp;Namik Kirlic,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Yu,&nbsp;Stella M Sánchez,&nbsp;Gabe Cochran,&nbsp;Jennifer L Stewart,&nbsp;Ryan Smith,&nbsp;Kate D Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Michael L Rohan,&nbsp;Martin P Paulus,&nbsp;Salvador M Guinjoan","doi":"10.1159/000528377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a cognitive process focusing on self-relevant and negative experiences, leading to a poor prognosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). We previously identified that connectivity between the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) was positively correlated with levels of RNT.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled, proof-of-concept trial, we employed real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rtfMRI-nf) to delineate the neural processes that may be causally linked to RNT and could potentially become treatment targets for MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MDD-affected individuals were assigned to either active (n = 20) or sham feedback group (n = 19). RNT was measured by the Ruminative Response Scale-brooding subscale (RRS-B) before and 1 week after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals in the active but not in the sham group showed a significant reduction in the RRS-B; however, a greater reduction in the PCC-rTPJ connectivity was unrelated to a greater reduction in the RRS-B. Exploratory analyses revealed that a greater reduction in the retrosplenial cortex (RSC)-rTPJ connectivity yielded a more pronounced reduction in the RRS-B in the active but not in the sham group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RtfMRI-nf was effective in reducing RNT. Considering the underlying mechanism of rtfMIR-nf, the RSC and rTPJ could be part of a network (i.e., default mode network) that might collectively affect the intensity of RNT. Understanding the relationship between the functional organization of targeted neural changes and clinical metrics, such as RNT, has the potential to guide the development of mechanism-based treatment of MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20744,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics","volume":"92 2","pages":"87-100"},"PeriodicalIF":22.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10238612/pdf/nihms-1875510.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9593764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}