Process Safety and Environmental Protection最新文献

{"title":"Sustainable process modeling and holistic 4E assessment of an innovative CHP plant with renewable hydrogen production based on multi-heat recovery and PEM electrolyzer","authors":"Qi Ding ,&nbsp;Majed A. Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Chuang Lui","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents an integrated system that combines heat and power output by recovering waste heat from a gas turbine. Additionally, it includes a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer that generates pure hydrogen. The heat recovery encompasses the integration of an organic Rankine cycle for the generation of hot water, the optimization of the organic Rankine cycle segment through the incorporation of a Kalina cycle, and the transformation of the waste heat from the Kalina cycle into electric power within the organic Rankine cycle by employing R-141b as the working fluid. Additionally, the excess hot water and electricity produced have been converted into hydrogen. This novel procedure involves the utilization of two organic Rankine cycle systems employing distinct working fluids. The primary aim is to employ octane as the working fluid to generate electricity and facilitate enhanced energy integration. The system underwent thorough examination and assessment, considering energy, exergy, economic, and environmental variables. Additionally, a sensitivity analyses of the operational parameters was performed. In addition, the thermodynamic performance of the process has been analyzed in three different scenarios: single generation, combined heat and power, and combined heat, power, and hydrogen. The findings revealed that the process attains an energy efficiency of 64.99 %, an exergy efficiency of 57.47 %, and an electrical efficiency of 41.93 %. The environmental assessment concluded that the proposed approach can decrease targeted CO₂ emissions by 39.83 % in comparison to the situation when a single product is produced. Furthermore, this reduction is much greater (50.17 %) when compared to a similar structure that relies on biomass fuel. Economically, the total plant cost rate has been computed at 2867 $/h, with the exergy unit cost for this innovative process amounting to 29.63 $/GJ. The sensitivity study reveals that raising the inlet air temperature to the burner to a maximum of 870 <span><math><mi>℃</mi></math></span> leads to a notable improvement in energy efficiency, reaching 72.4 %, and exergy efficiency, reaching 62 %. This new system, with its advanced thermal integration and multi-heat recovery, presents a highly efficient and environmentally friendly solution for energy and hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 730-751"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of ferrous ammonium phosphate fertilizer from source-separated urine by electrocoagulation using response surface methodology (RSM)","authors":"Zelal Isik ,&nbsp;Nadir Dizge","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.11.069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.11.069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the recovery of ferrous ammonium phosphate (FAP) from source-separated urine, presenting significant findings in waste management using the electrocoagulation method. The optimization of parameters such as current density (100–300 A/m²), initial pH (5−9), and process time (2–6 h) was carried out using the Box-Behnken method. The results revealed important insights regarding chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium (NH₄⁺), and phosphate (PO₄⁻³) removal efficiency. For instance, under a pH of 9 and a processing time of 4 h, the COD removal efficiency reached up to 56.4 %. The precipitation of NH₄⁺ was achieved to be 70 % under a pH of 7 and a current density of 100 A/m². Moreover, the effects of these parameters on the removal of phosphate ions and the formation of ferrous ammonium phosphate (FAP) were observed. The characterization of the recovered FAP was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) analyses, providing a detailed examination of the material's structure. As a result, optimizing pH and current density in FAP production played a critical role in the effective removal of pollutants from source-separated urine. These findings contribute significantly to sustainable waste management and recovery processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 985-996"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism research on the co-pyrolysis of PVC and cellulose through ReaxFF MD combined with DFT simulation","authors":"Zihao Yang ,&nbsp;Shengli Niu ,&nbsp;Kuihua Han ,&nbsp;Yongzheng Wang ,&nbsp;Hewei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-pyrolysis of waste plastic and biomass presents great perspectives for sustainable and clean waste recycling. Unifying the distribution and generation mechanism of co-pyrolysis products of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and cellulose (CE) solely through macroscopic experiments is challenging. In this study, the synergetic effect mechanism of co-pyrolysis of PVC and CE was comprehensively analyzed through reactive force field molecular dynamics (ReaxFF MD) combined with density functional theory (DFT) at the molecular level. PVC provides sufficient ·H radicals for the co-pyrolysis system, which promotes biomass degradation and the decarboxylation and dehydroxylation reactions of oxygen-containing groups. Co-pyrolysis limits the release of HCl, and the inhibition diminishes with increasing temperature. The quality of oil and char improves as their oxygen content declines. The dehydroxylation reaction of the CE monomer is most likely to occur under the catalysis of HCl at the C4 site, accompanied by a minimum reaction energy barrier of 23.87 kJ/mol. The alcoholization of furfural compounds is enhanced by ·H radicals. In co-pyrolysis, the biomass-derived activated intermediates release CO₂ and CO through hydrogenation, oxidation, hydrogen capture, and cracking. The conjunction of ReaxFF MD and DFT effectively exposes the co-pyrolysis mechanism of PVC and CE at the microlevel, which provides a theoretical supplement for resource utilization of solid waste to generate renewable energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 469-485"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the atomic-scaled evolution mechanism of V and Cr in V slag with high Cr content during magnesiation roasting toward tailing toxicity minimization","authors":"Jie Cheng ,&nbsp;Hong-Yi Li ,&nbsp;Guo-Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin-Mian Chen ,&nbsp;Jiang Diao ,&nbsp;Bing Xie ,&nbsp;Fusheng Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>V slag with high Cr content (VS-HCC) serves as the primary raw material for extracting V, and the evolution mechanism of V and Cr in VS-HCC decides the eco-friendliness of V extraction process. To minimize the Cr(VI) and residual V(V) content in tailings produced after V extraction, this work introduces the \"atomic atmosphere\" method to investigate the evolution mechanism of V and Cr in VS-HCC during magnesiation roasting at the atomic scale. In the early stage of roasting at 900℃, the FeV₂O₄ and FeCr₂O₄ spinel disappear and are converted into Fe₂O₃•V₂O₃ and (Fe_0.6Cr_0.4)₂O₃, with the chemical states of V and Cr unchanged; Fe₂TiO₄ spinels are oxidized to generate FeTi₂O₅. After roasting for 10 min, Fe₂SiO₄ structure is completely destroyed. Both the conversion of spinels and the complete decomposition of Fe₂SiO₄ have created favorable conditions for the oxidation of V-bearing phases. After roasting for 50–90 min, V atoms transitioned from the mixed valence states (V^4 +/V⁵⁺) to V⁵⁺. This transformation involved the combination of Mg²⁺, O^2- V⁵⁺and Mn²⁺ ions, resulting in the formation of Mg₂V₂O₇ and Mn₂V₂O₇ crystals. Meanwhile, Cr atoms still exist as nontoxic Cr³⁺ in the form of (Fe_0.6Cr_0.4)₂O₃, ensuring the eco-friendliness of the magnesiation roasting of VS-HCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 816-824"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of leak impacts on liquid-gas multiphase flow using statistical, wavelet transform, and machine learning approaches","authors":"Hicham Ferroudji ,&nbsp;Muhammad Saad Khan ,&nbsp;Abinash Barooah ,&nbsp;Wahib A. Al-Ammari ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Hassan ,&nbsp;Rashid Hassan ,&nbsp;Ahmad K. Sleiti ,&nbsp;Sina Rezaei Gomari ,&nbsp;Matthew Hamilton ,&nbsp;Mohammad Azizur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detecting small, subtle, and closely spaced leaks is considerably more challenging than identifying larger leaks, particularly under multiphase flow conditions. The inability of current models to consistently detect small leaks or distinguish between multiple leaks and a single leak highlights the need for enhanced detection techniques. Although pressure responses over time for single and multiple leaks are highly similar, additional analyses such as frequency analysis, wavelet analysis, and artificial intelligence can distinguish between these scenarios. In this study, experimental tests were performed on a horizontal flow loop system with a diameter of 50.8 mm equipped with three controlled artificial leaks in the middle section of the pipeline. Statistical, Wavelet Transform (WT), and Machine Learning (ML) approaches were applied to the recorded time-series signals (dynamic pressure) for various operating conditions of liquid and gas superficial velocities. Our findings demonstrate that these additional analyses can effectively distinguish between single-leak, multiple-leak, and no-leak scenarios. Additionally, the impact of leaks on the flow regime map in a pipeline was discussed. The revealed results could offer novel perspectives regarding process safety and risk engineering including the impact of leaks on multiphase flow systems and their identification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 825-843"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximizing heavy metal removal and precious metal recovery with innovative biowaste-derived biosorbents and biochar","authors":"Behzad Murtaza ,&nbsp;Roshina Arshad ,&nbsp;Moon Kinza ,&nbsp;Jianxu Wang ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran ,&nbsp;Noor S. Shah ,&nbsp;Qasim Ali ,&nbsp;Jibran Iqbal ,&nbsp;Changseok Han","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating demand for sustainable environmental remediation techniques has spurred significant research into the application of biowastes as biochar and biosorbents for heavy metal removal and precious metal recovery. The present review offers a detailed overview of the different sources of precious metals and heavy metals, evaluates the potential of biowastes as sustainable resources, and explains various strategies for producing and modifying innovative biosorbents and biochar to tackle key environmental challenges. Considerable attention is dedicated to the innovative utilization of biochar-derived composites as a promising approach to enhance metal removal efficiency (Zn, Cu, and Pb up to 99.96 %, 99.99 %, and 99.75 %, respectively, using Na₂CO₃, Ca (OH)₂, and Na₂S). Functionalized biochars are combined with other materials, such as activated carbon or metal oxides to exhibit synergistic effects for improving their adsorption capacity and selectivity for precious metals. The highest biosorption capacities for various metals were 558.9, 103.5, and 443.0 mg/g for sugarcane bagasse, cellulose fiber, Sargassum filipendula, and coconut husk. Low pyrolysis (60–80 %) and hydrothermal carbonization (30–70 %) produce biochar as byproducts for metal adsorption, but they also add value by simultaneously generating syngas and bio-oil. Additionally, the review discusses the economic and environmental benefits of utilizing biowastes, emphasizing their role in promoting the circular economy. Case studies demonstrating successful implementation in various industrial and environmental contexts are presented. Future perspectives are outlined identifying research gaps and potential pathways for further advancement and application of biomass-derived biosorbents and biochar. This comprehensive analysis underscores the transformative potential of biowaste-based solutions for maximum removal of heavy metals and precious metal recovery, thereby providing more sustainable and efficient environmental management practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 873-891"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the biotreatment of carbonaceous matter in double refractory gold ores: The impact of various mediators on laccase performance","authors":"Cindy ,&nbsp;Hirofumi Ichinose ,&nbsp;Diego M. Mendoza ,&nbsp;Kojo T. Konadu ,&nbsp;Ryusei Takimoto ,&nbsp;Gde Pandhe Wisnu Suyantara ,&nbsp;Keiko Sasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite their relatively higher Au content, double refractory gold ores (DRGOs) have not been developed for economic reasons, as Au grains are trapped by sulfides, and carbonaceous matter can adsorb Au(CN)₂⁻ during cyanidation. The enzymatic treatment of carbonaceous matter is gaining interest due to its eco-friendly benefits. The use of laccase, combined with an electron mediator, has been shown to enhance Au extraction from DRGOs. Although the effectiveness of mediators in improving lignin degradation has been reported, their significance in laccase-mediator system (LMS) treatment of DRGOs has yet to be thoroughly investigated. In this study, the mechanisms of various mediators in LMSs were investigated to improve Au extraction from DRGOs. To observe the degradation of the carbonaceous matter, thermogravimetry, Raman spectroscopy, three-dimensional fluorescence spectrometry, and CHN elemental analysis were utilized. The results demonstrated that the highest Au extraction was achieved after treatment with violuric acid monohydrate-mediated laccase, resulting in 92.9 ± 2.7 % Au extracted from DRGOs, which is equivalent to complete extraction when considering the 8.6 % Au locked in sulfides. The Langmuir model provided a better fit for the mediators' sorption than the Freundlich model, indicating that monolayer sorption is the predominant process in the mediators' adsorptions on pre-treated DRGOs. This proposed LMS represents a novel approach to enhancing our understanding of carbon science in biohydrometallurgy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 1360-1371"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142925071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A risk assessment framework for water electrolysis systems: Mapping System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA) into Fuzzy Bayesian Networks (FBN)","authors":"Taolin Zhu ,&nbsp;Chaoyue Meng ,&nbsp;Xuzeng Han ,&nbsp;Yaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Dang ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Meng Qi ,&nbsp;Dongfeng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.11.117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.11.117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Risk assessment plays a vital role in facilitating the safety and sustainability of green hydrogen production. This study presents a risk assessment method incorporating causal qualitative analysis of System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA), and quantitative analysis of FBN. Based on the flexible adaptation of the typical STPA analysis process, the topology of STPA-ETA-based BN with hydrogen leakage as the critical event is established. It shows systematization, modularity and comprehensibility. The fuzzy Set Theory (FST) and expert judgment were adopted to solve the problem of inaccessible probabilities. The results of the prediction analysis indicate that the probability of hydrogen leakage is 12.63 %. The diagnostic analysis is capable of assessing the event's contribution to the hydrogen leakage accident, rating factors such as pump failures, flow control valve failures, hydrogen embrittlement, valve group manipulation risks and management risks, and environmental factors. The consequence analysis indicates that a timely manual emergency shutdown barrier plays a vital role in preventing the escalation of incidents. Finally, addressing the current diversity of sensitivity analysis methods in BN, the article summarizes six sensitivity analysis methods and explores their interrelationships in depth. Two categories of sensitivity analysis dimensions were found. The results of this study provide valuable insights for risk assessment, incident prevention, and emergency management in the PEMWE system. Also, the framework proposed in this study can be extended to other areas of reliability analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 306-323"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-coupling fault detection and diagnosis of photovoltaic arrays with improved slime mould algorithm and PolyCatBoost","authors":"Hua Fu ,&nbsp;Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Sen Xie ,&nbsp;Shanglin Liu ,&nbsp;Haotong Han ,&nbsp;Jun Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.11.135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.11.135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic (PV) system, integral to the renewable energy landscape, occupies a pivotal role within the modern energy frameworks. With the rapid development of PV technology, timely and precise fault diagnosis of PV arrays has become particularly significant. However, the performance of fault diagnosis model is seriously affected by the data imbalance that usually exists in PV arrays. To address this, a novel fault detection and diagnosis method that integrates an improved slime mould algorithm (ISMA) with a CatBoost model based on polyloss function (PolyLoss-CatBoost, PolyCatBoost). Firstly, according to PV modeling, the multi-coupling fault features are extracted with fault type identification. Moreover, the PolyCatBoost fault diagnosis model is established for imbalance data, and the ISMA algorithm is utilized for optimizing the model parameters to achieve accurate compound faults diagnosis. Finally, through experiment comparisons, the imbalanced classification evaluation metrics, UAR, MCC, and Hamming loss, reach to 0.858, 0.817, and 0.026, respectively. It indicates that the proposed model performs exceptionally well under data imbalance conditions. Besides, the accuracy is close to 95 % under noisy conditions, which verifies the superiority of the proposed method in terms of diagnosis accuracy, robustness and stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 523-541"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on a smoke airflow CO filtration and elimination device based on particulate Co3O4 catalyst","authors":"Sheng He ,&nbsp;Shuo Gao ,&nbsp;Jia Li ,&nbsp;Yitao Yu ,&nbsp;Jianguo Wu ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Shi ,&nbsp;Xiao Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Chen ,&nbsp;Fubao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The large amounts of CO gas produced during tunnel blasting operations pose a serious threat to safe production, and finding an effective method to eliminate CO from smoke and airflow remains a significant challenge. Based on the characteristics of thermal regeneration and the principle of catalytic oxidation, we designed a CO filtration and elimination device for smoke and airflow that can perform in-situ thermal regeneration. The device eliminates CO by drawing it from the smoke and airflow and bringing it into contact with catalytic particles. The Co₃O₄ catalyst, synthesized through particle forming processes, exhibits good strength and catalytic activity, meeting the application requirements of the device. Catalyst regeneration is accomplished through in-situ heating and hot air purging. Multiple modular testing experiments validated the feasibility of the particle-based catalyst device. Subsequently, a full set of small-scale prototypes was developed, and CO concentration surge experiments demonstrated that under ambient humidity conditions of 61.2 %-68.5 %, the prototype achieved a CO elimination rate of 72.59 % after 500 seconds. Finally, full-scale tests in the Dalian Bay subsea tunnel further verified its practical performance, with CO elimination rates exceeding 71.4 % in two elimination cycles and a regeneration rate of over 98 %. The test results indicate that the smoke and airflow CO filtration and elimination device can effectively remove CO from smoke and airflow, and holds great potential for widespread application in tunnel blasting operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 791-806"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}