Ana I. Silva Terra, Daniel A. Taylor, Meghan E. Halse
{"title":"Hyperpolarised benchtop NMR spectroscopy for analytical applications","authors":"Ana I. Silva Terra, Daniel A. Taylor, Meghan E. Halse","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Benchtop NMR spectrometers, with moderate magnetic field strengths (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>) and sub-ppm chemical shift resolution, are an affordable and portable alternative to standard laboratory NMR (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≥</mo><mn>7</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>). However, in moving to lower magnetic field instruments, sensitivity and chemical shift resolution are significantly reduced. The sensitivity limitation can be overcome by using hyperpolarisation to boost benchtop NMR signals by orders of magnitude. Of the wide range of hyperpolarisation methods currently available, dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP), <em>para</em>hydrogen-induced polarisation (PHIP) and photochemically-induced dynamic nuclear polarisation (photo-CIDNP) have, to date, shown the most promise for integration with benchtop NMR for analytical applications. In this review we provide a summary of the theory of each of these techniques and discuss examples of how they have been integrated with benchtop NMR detection. Progress towards the use of hyperpolarised benchtop NMR for analytical applications, ranging from reaction monitoring to probing biomolecular interactions, is discussed, along with perspectives for the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 153-178"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jesús Angulo , Ana Ardá , Sara Bertuzzi , Angeles Canales , June Ereño-Orbea , Ana Gimeno , Marcos Gomez-Redondo , Juan C. Muñoz-García , Paola Oquist , Serena Monaco , Ana Poveda , Luca Unione , Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
{"title":"NMR investigations of glycan conformation, dynamics, and interactions","authors":"Jesús Angulo , Ana Ardá , Sara Bertuzzi , Angeles Canales , June Ereño-Orbea , Ana Gimeno , Marcos Gomez-Redondo , Juan C. Muñoz-García , Paola Oquist , Serena Monaco , Ana Poveda , Luca Unione , Jesús Jiménez-Barbero","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycans are ubiquitous in nature, decorating our cells and serving as the initial points of contact with any visiting entities. These glycan interactions are fundamental to host-pathogen recognition and are related to various diseases, including inflammation and cancer. Therefore, understanding the conformations and dynamics of glycans, as well as the key features that regulate their interactions with proteins, is crucial for designing new therapeutics. Due to the intrinsic flexibility of glycans, NMR is an essential tool for unravelling these properties. In this review, we describe the key NMR parameters that can be extracted from the different experiments, and which allow us to deduce the necessary geometry and molecular motion information, with a special emphasis on assessing the internal motions of the glycosidic linkages. We specifically address the NMR peculiarities of various natural glycans, from histo-blood group antigens to glycosaminoglycans, and also consider the special characteristics of their synthetic analogues (glycomimetics). Finally, we discuss the application of NMR protocols to study glycan-related molecular recognition events, both from the carbohydrate and receptor perspectives, including the use of stable isotopes and paramagnetic NMR methods to overcome the inherent degeneracy of glycan chemical shifts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 97-152"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NMR studies of amyloid interactions","authors":"David A. Middleton","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amyloid fibrils are insoluble, fibrous nanostructures that accumulate extracellularly in biological tissue during the progression of several human disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes. Fibrils are assembled from protein monomers via the transient formation of soluble, cytotoxic oligomers, and have a common molecular architecture consisting of a spinal core of hydrogen-bonded protein β-strands. For the past 25 years, NMR spectroscopy has been at the forefront of research into the structure and assembly mechanisms of amyloid aggregates. Until the recent boom in fibril structure analysis by cryo-electron microscopy, solid-state NMR was unrivalled in its ability to provide atomic-level models of amyloid fibril architecture. Solution-state NMR has also provided complementary information on the early stages in the amyloid assembly mechanism. Now, both NMR modalities are proving to be valuable in unravelling the complex interactions between amyloid species and a diverse range of physiological metal ions, molecules and surfaces that influence the assembly pathway, kinetics, morphology and clearance <em>in vivo</em>. Here, an overview is presented of the main applications of solid-state and solution-state NMR for studying the interactions between amyloid proteins and biomembranes, glycosaminoglycan polysaccharides, metal ions, polyphenols, synthetic therapeutics and diagnostics. Key NMR methodology is reviewed along with examples of how to overcome the challenges of detecting interactions with aggregating proteins. The review heralds this new role for NMR in providing a comprehensive and pathologically-relevant view of the interactions between protein and non-protein components of amyloid. Coverage of both solid- and solution-state NMR methods and applications herein will be informative and valuable to the broad communities that are interested in amyloid proteins.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 63-96"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The utility of small nutation angle 1H pulses for NMR studies of methyl-containing side-chain dynamics in proteins","authors":"Vitali Tugarinov, G. Marius Clore","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We describe the utility of small nutation angle (acute; <90°) <sup>1</sup>H radiofrequency pulses for efficient manipulation of magnetization in selectively [<sup>13</sup>CH<sub>3</sub>]-labeled methyl groups of otherwise deuterated proteins. Focusing primarily on NMR applications that target either fast (pico-to-nanosecond) motions of the methyl group three-fold rotation axis, or slow (micro-to-millisecond) processes associated with chemical exchange, we show that significant simplification of the <sup>13</sup>CH<sub>3</sub> spin-system and, as a consequence, of NMR pulse schemes, may be achieved in certain cases by the proper choice of the flip-angle of the <sup>1</sup>H acute-angle pulse. In other instances, appropriate adjustment of acute-angle <sup>1</sup>H pulses permits optimization of the sensitivity of NMR experiments. The results of acute-angle pulse based NMR experiments are validated by comparison with well-established NMR techniques for the characterization of fast dynamics of methyl-containing side-chains and chemical exchange processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 40-62"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karen Dos Santos , Gildas Bertho , Mathieu Baudin , Nicolas Giraud
{"title":"Glutamine: A key player in human metabolism as revealed by hyperpolarized magnetic resonance","authors":"Karen Dos Santos , Gildas Bertho , Mathieu Baudin , Nicolas Giraud","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, there has been remarkable progress in the field of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP). This method has shown significant potential for enhancing nuclear polarization by over 10,000 times, resulting in a substantial increase in sensitivity. The unprecedented signal enhancements achieved with D-DNP have opened new possibilities for <em>in vitro</em> analysis. This method enables the monitoring of structural and enzymatic kinetics with excellent time resolution at low concentrations. Furthermore, these advances can be straightforwardly translated to <em>in vivo</em> magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRI and MRS) experiments. D-DNP studies have used a range of <sup>13</sup>C labeled molecules to gain deeper insights into the cellular metabolic pathways and disease hallmarks. Over the last 15 years, D-DNP has been used to analyze glutamine, a key player in the cellular metabolism, involved in many diseases including cancer. Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in blood plasma and the major carrier of nitrogen, and it is converted to glutamate inside the cell, where the latter is the most abundant amino acid. It has been shown that increased glutamine consumption by cells is a hallmark of tumor cancer metabolism. In this review, we first highlight the significance of glutamine in metabolism, providing an in-depth description of its use at the cellular level as well as its specific roles in various organs. Next, we present a comprehensive overview of the principles of D-DNP. Finally, we review the state of the art in D-DNP glutamine analysis and its application in oncology, neurology, and perfusion marker studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 15-39"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079656524000128/pdfft?md5=8bf86ea44244de6298db1efc4910050a&pid=1-s2.0-S0079656524000128-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141250452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tom Meyer , Johannes Castelein , Jakob Schattenfroh , Anna Sophie Morr , Rafaela Vieira da Silva , Heiko Tzschätzsch , Rolf Reiter , Jing Guo , Ingolf Sack
{"title":"Magnetic resonance elastography in a nutshell: Tomographic imaging of soft tissue viscoelasticity for detecting and staging disease with a focus on inflammation","authors":"Tom Meyer , Johannes Castelein , Jakob Schattenfroh , Anna Sophie Morr , Rafaela Vieira da Silva , Heiko Tzschätzsch , Rolf Reiter , Jing Guo , Ingolf Sack","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an emerging clinical imaging modality for characterizing the viscoelastic properties of soft biological tissues. MRE shows great promise in the noninvasive diagnosis of various diseases, especially those associated with soft tissue changes involving the extracellular matrix, cell density, or fluid turnover including altered blood perfusion – all hallmarks of inflammation from early events to cancer development. This review covers the fundamental principles of measuring tissue viscoelasticity by MRE, which are based on the stimulation and encoding of shear waves and their conversion into parameter maps of mechanical properties by inverse problem solutions of the wave equation. Technical challenges posed by real-world biological tissue properties such as viscosity, heterogeneity, anisotropy, and nonlinear elastic behavior of tissues are discussed. Applications of MRE measurement in both humans and animal models are presented, with emphasis on the detection, characterization, and staging of diseases related to the cascade of biomechanical property changes from early to chronic inflammation in the liver and brain. Overall, MRE provides valuable insights into the biophysics of soft tissues for imaging-based detection and staging of inflammation-associated tissue changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079656524000116/pdfft?md5=aa42014ceffd0d654ee28a00528c7937&pid=1-s2.0-S0079656524000116-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141242445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent developments in materials and applications of triplet dynamic nuclear polarization","authors":"Tomoyuki Hamachi , Nobuhiro Yanai","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a method for achieving high levels of nuclear spin polarization by transferring spin polarization from electrons to nuclei by microwave irradiation, resulting in higher sensitivity in NMR/MRI. In particular, DNP using photoexcited triplet electron spins (triplet-DNP) can provide a hyperpolarized nuclear spin state at room temperature and in low magnetic field. In this review article, we highlight recent developments in materials and instrumentation for the application of triplet-DNP. First, a brief history and principles of triplet-DNP will be presented. Next, important advances in recent years will be outlined: new materials to hyperpolarize water and biomolecules; high-sensitivity solution NMR by dissolution triplet-DNP; and strategies for further improvement of the polarization. In view of these developments, future directions to widen the range of applications of triplet-DNP will be discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 55-68"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079656524000104/pdfft?md5=9ed36ffd4a1470748b9def3e318a6e28&pid=1-s2.0-S0079656524000104-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141033575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole Leifer , Doron Aurbach , Steve G. Greenbaum
{"title":"NMR studies of lithium and sodium battery electrolytes","authors":"Nicole Leifer , Doron Aurbach , Steve G. Greenbaum","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review focuses on the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the study of lithium and sodium battery electrolytes. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electronic devices, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate. The sodium analog is still in the research phase, but has significant potential for future development. In both cases, the electrolyte plays a critical role in the performance and safety of these batteries. NMR spectroscopy provides a non-invasive and non-destructive method for investigating the structure, dynamics, and interactions of the electrolyte components, including the salts, solvents, and additives, at the molecular level. This work attempts to give a nearly comprehensive overview of the ways that NMR spectroscopy, both liquid and solid state, has been used in past and present studies of various electrolyte systems, including liquid, gel, and solid-state electrolytes, and highlights the insights gained from these studies into the fundamental mechanisms of ion transport, electrolyte stability, and electrode-electrolyte interfaces, including interphase formation and surface microstructure growth. Overviews of the NMR methods used and of the materials covered are presented in the first two chapters. The rest of the review is divided into chapters based on the types of electrolyte materials studied, and discusses representative examples of the types of insights that NMR can provide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 1-54"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139744477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Controlling NMR spin systems for quantum computation","authors":"Jonathan A. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nuclear magnetic resonance is arguably both the best available quantum technology for implementing simple quantum computing experiments and the worst technology for building large scale quantum computers that has ever been seriously put forward. After a few years of rapid growth, leading to an implementation of Shor’s quantum factoring algorithm in a seven-spin system, the field started to reach its natural limits and further progress became challenging. Rather than pursuing more complex algorithms on larger systems, interest has now largely moved into developing techniques for the precise and efficient manipulation of spin states with the aim of developing methods that can be applied in other more scalable technologies and within conventional NMR. However, the user friendliness of NMR implementations means that they remain popular for proof-of-principle demonstrations of simple quantum information protocols.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 49-85"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079656524000037/pdfft?md5=6984203993c485e5790fb1d345fac413&pid=1-s2.0-S0079656524000037-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139880258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studying protein stability in crowded environments by NMR","authors":"Guohua Xu, Kai Cheng, Maili Liu, Conggang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most proteins perform their functions in crowded and complex cellular environments where weak interactions are ubiquitous between biomolecules. These complex environments can modulate the protein folding energy landscape and hence affect protein stability. NMR is a nondestructive and effective method to quantify the kinetics and equilibrium thermodynamic stability of proteins at an atomic level within crowded environments and living cells. Here, we review NMR methods that can be used to measure protein stability, as well as findings of studies on protein stability in crowded environments mimicked by polymer and protein crowders and in living cells. The important effects of chemical interactions on protein stability are highlighted and compared to spatial excluded volume effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20740,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139743770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}