Protein and Peptide Letters最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Interactions of the Antimicrobial Peptide Tritrpticin with Mixed Nanoaggregates: A Fluorescence Spectroscopy Study.","authors":"Kaio César Antunes Rocha, Maria Carolina Oliveira de Arruda Brasil, Eduardo Maffud Cilli, Luiz Carlos Salay","doi":"10.2174/0109298665359223241226091327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665359223241226091327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tritrpticin (TRP3) is a peptide belonging to the cathelicidin family and has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. However, this class of biomolecules can be easily degraded in the body, making it necessary to use an efficient transport system. The ability to form stable nanostructures from the interaction of glycyrrhizin saponin with the pluronic polymer F127 was demonstrated, forming mixed biopolymeric micelles, highly promising as drug carriers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present work sought to understand the physicochemical interaction of the antimicrobial peptide TRP3 with the mixed polymeric micelle made from pluronic F127 and the saponin glycyrrhizin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The interaction of tritrpticin with mixed nanostructured micelles was evaluated through fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching with acrylamide. The experiments were performed at room temperature (25 ± 1°C), adopting an excitation wavelength set to 280 nm and emission between 300 and 500 nm, with a slit of 5 nm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The interaction of the cationic peptide tritrpticin with the mixed biopolymeric micelles was observed through the blue shift of the fluorescence emission to shorter wavelengths, proving the change of tryptophan to a more hydrophobic environment. Through the fluorescence suppression technique, it was possible to indicate the location of the peptide in the mixed micelles, proving tritrpticin to be partially inserted inside them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was concluded that tritrpticin interacted with mixed nanostructured micelles, forming a promising system for biotechnological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZNF165: A Pan-Cancer Biomarker with Prognostic and Therapeutic Potential.","authors":"Guizhen Lyu, Dongbing Li","doi":"10.2174/0109298665351592250106062250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665351592250106062250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of ZNF165 in only a few tumors has been reported. ZNF165 plays an important role in liver cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer, especially in regulating the immune microenvironment, promoting tumor cell proliferation and migration, and serving as a potential target for immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to enhance an understanding of how the ZNF165 gene functions and influences cancer development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a suite of online resources, including TIMER, TCGA, GTEx, GEPIA2, cBioPortal, TIMER2, STRING, DAVID, RNAactDrug, CancerSEA, and UCSC, along with comprehensive statistical analyses, we conducted a thorough investigation of the pan-cancer landscape of ZNF165. This study encompassed an assessment of ZNF165 levels, their associations with patient outcomes, and clinical correlates. We examined the interplay between ZNF165 and key cancer biomarkers, such as Microsatellite Instability (MSI), Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB), immune cell infiltration, and the expression of immune checkpoint genes. We delved into the genetic variations of ZNF165, its biological roles across various cancer types, and its potential links to drug responsiveness. We analyzed single-cell expression patterns of ZNF165 and their implications for the functional dynamics of cancer. We employed quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) to measure ZNF165 levels in Ovarian Cancer (OC) cell lines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ZNF165 expression displayed aberrations across a diverse range of human cancers and exhibited correlations with clinical stages. High ZNF165 expression in KIRC, KIRP, STAD, and UCEC was significantly associated with poor overall survival. ZNF165 has encouraging diagnostic value in specific tumor types, with gene amplification identified as the predominant genetic alteration. Our analysis further uncovered significant associations between ZNF165 levels and MSI across three distinct cancer types, as well as with TMB in six different malignancies. We detected substantial correlations between ZNF165 levels and immune cell infiltration, as well as the expression of immune checkpoint genes. ZNF165 was found to be involved in several prevalent signaling pathways across various cancer types. ZNF165 may potentially contribute to chemotherapy and chemoresistance, and was observed to be involved in cancer progression. A ceRNA regulatory network involving AFDN-DT, miR-191-5p, and ZNF165 was constructed for OC, revealing significantly elevated ZNF165 levels in OC cell lines. Dysregulated ZNF165 expression across a spectrum of malignancies might play a role in cancer initiation and advancement via multiple biological pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ZNF165 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer in human patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MARVELD1 Promotes the Invasiveness in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma through the Activation of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition.","authors":"Xianwei Luo, Zhenming Gao","doi":"10.2174/0109298665359781250114055525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665359781250114055525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>MARVEL domain-containing 1 (MARVELD1) has been implicated in the progression of several cancers, but its role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RNA-seq data from the TCGA-PAAD and GTEx-Pancreas cohorts were analyzed to assess MARVELD1 expression. Stable MARVELD1 knockdown and overexpression were conducted in BxPC3 and PANC-1 cells. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated using functional assays, and western blotting was employed to examine EMT-associated protein levels, including Vimentin, MMP2, MMP9, and E-cadherin. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MARVELD1-high and MARVELD1-low groups were identified, and pathway enrichment analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a significant increase of MARVELD1 in PAAD patient samples, with elevated MARVELD1 levels correlating with poor clinical survival. Knockdown of MARVELD1 in PAAD cells remarkably decreased cell proliferation and colony formation, while overexpression of MARVELD1 enhanced these properties. Moreover, simulated cell invasion and migration assay further suggested that MARVELD1 might contribute to PAAD cell aggressiveness. Mechanistically, MARVELD1 promoted tumor cell migration and invasion through the activation of Vimentin, MMP2, and MMP9 protein while suppressing E-cadherin. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that MARVELD1-high samples were enriched in EMT-related pathways, including TGF-β receptor signaling, actin cytoskeleton regulation, and cell adhesion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taken together, our study highlights the roles of MARVELD1 in promoting tumor cell proliferation and invasion, suggesting its potential application as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for PAAD in the clinical context.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amphibian-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides: Essential Components of Innate Immunity and Potential Leads for New Antibiotic Development.","authors":"Ebru Tanrıverdi O","doi":"10.2174/0109298665356946241218103145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665356946241218103145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Like other vertebrates, amphibians possess innate and adaptive immune systems. At the center of the adaptive immune system is the Major Histocompatibility Complex. The important molecules of innate immunity are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These peptides are secreted by granular glands in the skin and protect the animal against microorganisms entering its body through the skin. AMPs offer an effective and rapid defense against pathogenic microorganisms and have cationic and amphiphilic structures. These peptides are small gene-encoded molecules of 8-50 amino acid residues synthesized by ribosomes. These small molecules typically exhibit activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and even cancer cells. It is known that today's amphibian AMPs originated from a common precursor gene 150 million years ago and that the origin of these peptides is preprodermaseptins. Today, antibiotic resistance has occurred due to the incorrect use of antibiotics. Traditional antibiotics are becoming increasingly inadequate. AMPs are considered promising candidates for the development of new-generation antibiotics. Therefore, new antibiotic discoveries are needed. AMPs are suitable molecules for new-generation antibiotics that are both fast and have different killing mechanisms. One of the biggest problems in the clinical applications of AMPs is their poor stability. AMPs generally have limited tropical applications because they are sensitive to protease degradation. Coating these peptides with nanomaterials to make them more stable can solve this problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZP3 Expression in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Its Implications for the Prognosis and Therapy.","authors":"Guizhen Lyu, Dongbing Li","doi":"10.2174/0109298665350171241204153202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665350171241204153202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of Zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 (ZP3) is unclear in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the role of ZP3 in PAAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comparative analysis of ZP3 gene expression was performed to discern differences between various types of cancer and PAAD, leveraging data sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). This study aimed to assess the role of ZP3 as a potential diagnostic marker for PAAD. The relationship between ZP3 levels and clinical characteristics, as well as patient outcomes, was scrutinized. Additionally, genomic enrichment analysis was carried out to uncover the underlying regulatory mechanisms associated with ZP3. The study further delved into the association of ZP3 with immune system interactions, checkpoint gene expression, Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and tumor stemness index (mRNAsi). The aberrant expression patterns of ZP3 in PAAD cell cultures were confirmed through the application of quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ZP3 exhibited aberrant expression in both pan-cancer and PAAD. A significant correlation was observed between increased levels of ZP3 expression in PAAD patients and histologic grade (p = 0.026). Elevated ZP3 expression in PAAD was found to be significantly associated with poorer overall survival (p = 0.003), progression-free survival (p = 0.012), and disease-specific survival (p = 0.002). In PAAD, the level of ZP3 gene expression was statistically significant (p < 0.001) and recognized as a key determinant of patient prognosis. ZP3 exhibited associations with various biological pathways, including primary immunodeficiency, oxidative phosphorylation, and other pathways. ZP3 expression demonstrated correlations with immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, TMB, MSI, and mRNAsi in PAAD. Moreover, a pronounced negative correlation was detected between ZP3 expression levels and the therapeutic effectiveness of various medications, including selumetinib, bleomycin, FH535, docetaxel, and tanespimycin, within the context of PAAD. Elevated levels of ZP3 were consistently observed in cell line models of PAAD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ZP3 has the potential to serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with PAAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pro-fertility and Antioxidant Potentials of Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) Protein Isolate and Essential Oil: An In vivo and In silico Studies.","authors":"Olugbenga Samuel Oladimeji, Olasunkanmi Kayode Awote, Nzubechi Olympian Elum","doi":"10.2174/0109298665358634241217094220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665358634241217094220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea), a legume rich in phytochemicals, has been traditionally used to improve fertility and treat various ailments. This study used in-silico and in-- vivo methods to evaluate the effects of cowpea protein isolate and essential oil on reproductive hormonal and antioxidant indices.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Forty (40) female rats were divided into eight groups (n=5). After 14 days of treatment, hormone levels (progesterone, prolactin, testosterone, estradiol) and antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT]) were assessed using biochemical kits and standard procedures. Molecular docking studies were performed using PyRx and Biovia Discovery Studio 2021. The ligands generated from gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS) analysis of cowpea oil and the target proteins (SOD and CAT) were from PubChem and RCSB Protein Data Bank, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study showed that cowpea oil and protein isolate significantly (p<0.05) reduced plasma CAT and SOD activities while increasing their activities in the ovary and liver tissues compared to the infertile untreated group. Consistent administration of either cowpea oil or protein isolate was observed to positively regulate the hormonal indices in the infertile treated groups. Phthalic acid, 2-cyclohexyl ethyl isobutyl ester demonstrated a strong binding affinity and binding constant with SOD and CAT, which suggests that the ligands from cowpea essential oil have antioxidant and pro-fertility potentials that could be developed to treat fertility-related issues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that V. unguiculata can promote fertility, possibly through its rich embedded phytochemicals, which substantiates its traditional claim.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and Functional Insights into UDGs.","authors":"Shreya Roy, Md Khabeer Azhar, Vibha Gupta","doi":"10.2174/0109298665318621241128041145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665318621241128041145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endogenous or exogenous DNA damage needs to be repaired, therefore, cells in all the three domains have repair pathways to maintain the integrity of their genetic material. Uracil DNA glycosylases (UDGs), also known as UNGs (uracil-DNA N-glycosylases), are part of the base-excision repair (BER) pathway. These enzymes specifically remove uracil from DNA molecules by cleaving the glycosidic bond between the uracil base and the deoxyribose sugar. UDGs can be broadly classified into six families, and each of them share conserved motifs that are critical for substrate recognition and catalysis. Recently, an unconventional UDG known as UDGX has been identified from the species Mycobacterium smegmatis, which is different from other UDG members in forming an irreversible and extremely stable complex with DNA that is resistant to even harsh denaturants such as SDS, NaOH, and heat. This suicide inactivation mechanism prevents uracil excision and might play a protective role in maintaining genome integrity, as bacterial survival under hypoxic conditions is reduced due to the overexpression of MsmUDGX. Additionally, due to the importance of UDGs, the number of structures has been resolved. Moreover, high-resolution 3D structures of apo MsmUDGX, as well as uracil and DNAbound forms, are available in PDB. This review aims to provide insights into the specific structural- functional aspects of each UDG family member for theragnostic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring New Structures of Kinase Inhibitors and Multitarget Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment.","authors":"Siddhant Tripathi, Yashika Sharma, Dileep Kumar","doi":"10.2174/0109298665348075241121071614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665348075241121071614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatments currently available have ineffective results. Previously employed Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors and memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, target a single target structure that plays a complex role in the multifactorial progression of disease. Memantine moderates the toxic effects of excessive glutamate activity by blocking NMDA receptors, which decreases neurotoxicity in AD, while acetylcholine esterase inhibitors function by blocking cholinergic receptors (muscarinic and nicotinic), preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine, thereby enhancing cholinergic transmission, thus improving cognitive functions in mild to moderate stages of AD. Every drug class targets a distinct facet of the intricate pathophysiology of AD, indicating the diverse strategy required to counteract the advancement of this neurodegenerative disorder. Thus, patients are currently not getting much benefit from current drugs. A closer look at the course of AD revealed several potential target structures for future drug discovery. AD drug development strategies focus on developing new target structures in addition to well-established ones for combination treatment regimens, ideally with a single drug that can target two different target structures. Because of their roles in AD progression pathways like pathologic tau protein phosphorylations as well as amyloid β toxicity, protein kinases have been identified as potential targets. This review will give a quick rundown of the first inhibitors of single protein kinases, such as glycogen synthase kinase (gsk3) β, along with cyclin-dependent kinase 5. We will also look into novel inhibitors that target recently identified protein kinases in Alzheimer's disease, such as dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A). Additionally, multitargeting inhibitors, which target multiple protein kinases as well as those thought to be involved in other processes related to AD will be discussed. This kind of multitargeting offers prospective hope for improved patient outcomes down the road since it is the most effective way to impede multifactorial disease development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the Role of Individual Seal IAPP Amino Acids in Inhibiting the Aggregation of Human IAPP.","authors":"Kate Menefee, Kelsy Larios, Dillon J Rinauro, Angela Tun, Betssy Jauregui, Jessica I Contreras, Luiza A Nogaj, David A Moffet","doi":"10.2174/0109298665340227241115110404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665340227241115110404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The progression of type 2 diabetes in humans appears to be linked to the loss of insulin-producing β-cells. One of the major contributors to β-cell loss is the formation of toxic human IAPP amyloid (hIAPP, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide, amylin) in the pancreas. Inhibiting the formation of toxic hIAPP amyloid could slow, if not prevent altogether, the progression of type 2 diabetes. Many non-human organisms also express amyloidogenic IAPP variants known to kill pancreatic cells and give rise to diabetes-like symptoms. Surprisingly, some of these non-human IAPP variants function as inhibitors of hIAPP aggregation, raising the possibility of developing non-human IAPP peptides into anti-diabetic therapeutic peptides. One such inhibitory IAPP variant is seal IAPP, which has been shown to inhibit hIAPP aggregation. Seal IAPP only differs from hIAPP by three amino acids. In this study, each of the six seal/human IAPP permutations was analyzed to identify the role of each of the three amino acid positions in inhibiting hIAPP aggregation.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed toidentify the minimal amino acid substitutions to yield a peptide inhibitor of human IAPP aggregation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of the study was to determine the minimal amino acid substitutions necessary to convert human IAPP into an amyloid-inhibiting peptide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The formation of toxic hIAPP amyloid was monitored using Thioflavin T binding assays, atomic force microscopy, and MTT cell rescue studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One seal IAPP variant retained amyloid-inhibition activity, and two variants appeared to be more amyloidogenic and toxic than wild-type human IAPP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that inhibition of hIAPP requires both the H18R and F23L substitutions of hIAPP.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting APE1: Advancements in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumors.","authors":"Minghui Hu, Yingyu Zhang, Pin Zhang, Kangbo Liu, Mengxin Zhang, Lifeng Li, Zhidan Yu, Xianwei Zhang, Wancun Zhang, Ying Xu","doi":"10.2174/0109298665338519241114103223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665338519241114103223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the emergence of the precision medicine era, targeting specific proteins has emerged as a pivotal breakthrough in tumor diagnosis and treatment. Apurinic/apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in DNA repair and cellular redox regulation. This article comprehensively explores the fundamental mechanisms of APE1 as a multifunctional enzyme in biology, with particular emphasis on its potential significance in disease diagnosis and strategies for tumor treatment. Firstly, this article meticulously analyzes the intricate biological functions of APE1 at a molecular level, establishing a solid theoretical foundation for subsequent research endeavors. In terms of diagnostic applications, the presence of APE1 can be detected in patient serum samples, biopsy tissues, and through cellular in situ testing. The precise detection methods enable changes in APE1 levels to serve as reliable biomarkers for predicting tumor occurrence, progression, and patient prognosis. Moreover, this article focuses on elucidating the potential role of APE1 in tumor treatment by exploring various inhibitors, including nucleic acid-based inhibitors and small molecule drug inhibitors categories, and revealing their unique advantages in disrupting DNA repair function and modulating oxidative-reduction activity. Finally, the article provides an outlook on future research directions for APE1 while acknowledging major technical difficulties and clinical challenges that need to be overcome despite its immense potential as a target for tumor therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}