Psychopathology最新文献

{"title":"Diurnal Profiles of the Endocrine Stress Response in Internet Gaming Disorder.","authors":"Alina Killer, Patrick Köck, Johanna Klar, Stefan Lerch, Julian Koenig, Marialuisa Cavelti, Jochen Kindler, Michael Kaess","doi":"10.1159/000541292","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differences in subjective stress perception and acute response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis have been reported in internet gaming disorder (IGD). The present study aimed to further investigate alterations in diurnal profiles of the endocrine stress response system in IGD compared to healthy controls (HCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The diurnal course of endocrine markers (salivary cortisol and α-amylase) was investigated in a clinical sample of n = 29 adolescents with IGD compared to n = 26 HC. Further, the effect of unrestricted gaming versus restricted gaming was examined within the IGD group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in salivary cortisol and α-amylase were observed comparing adolescents with IGD and HC. In addition, in the IGD group, there were no significant differences in salivary cortisol and α-amylase between conditions of unrestricted gaming versus restricted gaming. Compared to the HC group, the IGD group showed a significantly higher body mass index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate no alteration in diurnal profiles of the endocrine stress response in IGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"152-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12136507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of Self-Rating Questionnaires Used for Assessing Self-Disorders? A Systematic Review.","authors":"Helena Cobanovic, Julie Nordgaard, Jonas Berge, Mads Gram Henriksen","doi":"10.1159/000545364","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Self-disorders designate a group of nonpsychotic, trait-like, anomalous self-experiences. The \"gold standard\" for assessing self-disorders is largely considered to be the Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience (EASE). The EASE must be conducted as a semistructured interview, and it requires substantial knowledge of psychopathology and excellent interviewing skills. To bypass these demands, self-rating questionnaires are regularly used to assess self-disorders in research. However, it is not clear if these self-rating questionnaires are valid measures of self-disorders. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the validity of self-rating questionnaires used for assessing self-disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Embase, and PsycInfo for studies that had used or developed self-rating questionnaires for assessing self-disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine studies had used or developed self-rating questionnaires to assess self-disorders, involving a total of 8 different self-rating questionnaires. None of these self-rating questionnaires have been properly validated to measure self-disorders in relation to EASE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite being frequently used in research, only 1 (IPASE: The Inventory of Psychotic-Like Anomalous Self-Experiences) of the 8 self-rating questionnaires has been attempted validated in relation to the EASE. Though a strong correlation was found between IPASE and EASE, the result cannot be considered valid because of profound methodological issues. We recommend that efforts to validate self-rating questionnaires are prioritized if they are to be used in research, and that results from studies using self-rating questionnaires are separated from those of EASE-based research as long as the self-rating questionnaires have not been properly validated in relation to the EASE.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"247-259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pornographic Culture and Erotic Culture: Logics of Desire and Psychopathological Forms.","authors":"Riccardo Poggioli, Giovanni Stanghellini","doi":"10.1159/000546332","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In times of rapid and profound sociocultural changes and the related metamorphosis of psychopathological forms, there is a need for greater commitment on the part of clinical phenomenology in analyzing these changes and reciprocal influences between culture and psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Questioning one-dimensional definitions of society, this work probes the dialectic of cultures inherent in every society, addressing the complex interpolation of different sets of beliefs, behaviors, and values. The aim was to introduce and discuss a couple of them, which are here named pornographic culture and erotic culture, and the forms that enjoyment and desire take in each of them. The phenomenological method, typically used to investigate individual experience, is thus extended to the analysis of the existential structures of such cultures, exploring the idea that pornographic culture and erotic culture dispose a precise symbolic framework that affects the experience of time, space, body, Self, and Otherness of individuals.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>Pornographic culture is characterized by enjoyment imperative, whereas erotic culture is characterized by unattainable fulfilment of one's desire. The \"cultural existentials\" structured by these cultures are conceived as the inclined plane on which human presence moves and unfolds and are examined in order to try to grasp their resonances with the various forms of suffering characteristic of contemporary age, establishing a dialogue between some distinctive anthropological forms of late modernity - namely homo nevroticus, homo œconomicus, and homo dissipans - and the forms of psychopathological existence in which they can result and crystallize.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"289-300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Associations of Somatic Symptom Disorder with Personality Dysfunction and Specific Maladaptive Traits.","authors":"Victoria von Schrottenberg, André Kerber, Philipp Sterner, Clara Teusen, Pauline Beigel, Klaus Linde, Peter Henningsen, Sabine C Herpertz, Jochen Gensichen, Antonius Schneider","doi":"10.1159/000540161","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>According to ICD-11, personality disorders (PDs) are defined by the severity of self and interpersonal dysfunction in terms of personality functioning (PF) and an optional assessment of specific maladaptive personality trait expressions. Also, somatoform disorders are replaced by somatic symptom disorder (SSD). This study examines associations using the novel diagnostic criteria of SSD in an unselected primary care sample, PF, and maladaptive traits in patients with and without SSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymized cross-sectional study was conducted. A questionnaire including SSD-12 (Somatic Symptom Disorder B Criteria Scale-12) and PHQ-15 (Patient Health Questionnaire-15), LPFS-BF 2.0 (Level of Personality Functioning Scale - Brief Form) and PID-5BF+M (Modified Personality Inventory for DSM-5 - Brief Form Plus) was used. A bifactor (S-1) model was calculated with PF (reference for general factor) and personality traits (specific factors) to estimate associations between PF, specific maladaptive personality traits, and SSD. Differences in personality scales between SSD and non-SSD patients were calculated with the Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 624 patients in six general practices participated (mean age 47 years; 60.4% female). SSD-12 and PHQ-15, respectively, showed significant associations with PF (γ = 0.51; γ = 0.48; p < 0.001), negative affectivity (γ = 0.50; γ = 0.38, p < 0.001) and psychoticism (γ = 0.29; γ = 0.28; p < 0.010). Besides, SSD-12 was significantly associated with disinhibition (γ = -0.38; p < 0.010) and anankastia (γ = -0.16; p < 0.010). Patients with SSD showed significantly impaired PF and maladaptive traits in all scales (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Impaired PF explains moderate to large amounts of the SSD symptoms and maladaptive personality traits negative affectivity, psychoticism, disinhibition, and anankastia show specific associations beyond PF. An in-depth understanding of these relations might be helpful to improve doctor-patient communication and treatment in SSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Do We Risk to SQuEASE by Making Psychiatric Phenomenology Too Efficient?","authors":"Florestan Delcourt, Jérôme Englebert","doi":"10.1159/000545169","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545169","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"273-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mothers of Young Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Depressive Symptoms and Perceived Stress.","authors":"Christian F J Woll-Weber, Corinna Reck, Anton K G Marx, Su Mevsim Küçükakyüz, Mitho Müller, Alexandra von Tettenborn, Nora Nonnenmacher, Anna-Lena Zietlow","doi":"10.1159/000543715","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, psychosocial well-being of families and parents worldwide has been impaired. As part of a larger online survey, we analyzed maternal depressive symptoms and perceived stress.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 666 mothers from Germany with young children (mostly aged 0-3 years) filled out the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) at 2 time points during the pandemic (T1: summer/fall 2020; T2: early spring 2021). We (1) calculated prevalence rates of a risk for depression and high perceived stress levels, (2) analyzed differences between time points via paired t tests, and (3) examined the reciprocal relation between the two constructs via cross-lagged panel modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Considering cut-off values of the EPDS (≥10) and PSS (≥27), 33.8% carried a risk for depression and 15.2% high levels of stress at T1, whereas, respectively, 55.1% and 26.0% did so at T2. Depressive symptom severity and perceived stress levels significantly differed between measurement points with higher values at T2 (p < 0.001). Our cross-lagged panel analysis revealed large correlations (p < 0.001) within as well as small to medium (i.e., [0.21, 0.47]) auto-regressive (p < 0.001) and reciprocal (p < 0.001) predictions across time points between the severity of depressive symptoms and perceived stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work demonstrates how severely mothers of infants were affected by depressive symptoms and perceived stress in a time of pandemic crisis. Psychosocial support should focus on screening and treating mothers as early as possible to mitigate the risk for subsequent depressive symptoms and perceived stress. Aiming attention at both depressive symptom reduction and stress relief most successfully promotes maternal well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"211-224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Perspectives on Psychopathology","authors":"Junko Tanaka‐Matsumi","doi":"10.4324/9781003375982-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003375982-5","url":null,"abstract":"The present chapter aims to endorse cultural perspectives on psychopathology as a socioculturally situated conception. In the age of globalization and polyculture transactions, cultures are revealed in dynamic and fluid ways as people exhibit culturally deviant behaviors and express psychological distress in interpersonal transactions. Such transactions include the formal assessment sessions conducted by professionally trained clinicians (e.g., psychiatrists and clinical psychologists). Practitioners may use formal diagnostic systems, whereas patients may have different explanatory models of illness, including cultural idioms of distress and indigenously approved ways of coping with distress. Investigating cultural conceptions of psychopathology should help improve the cultural formulation of diagnosis and develop culturally responsive interventions, consequently increasing access to mental health services for all in need.","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"1 1","pages":"83-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147894956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varieties of Religious and Spiritual Struggles by Type of Mental Disorder: A Qualitative Approach.","authors":"Joke C van Nieuw Amerongen-Meeuse, Arjan W Braam, Gerlise Westerbroek, Eva Ouwehand, Christa Anbeek, Hanneke Schaap-Jonker","doi":"10.1159/000531027","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000531027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Little is known about types of religious/spiritual (R/S) struggles with regard to various diagnostic groups in mental health care. The current qualitative study aims to give an impression of R/S struggles as observed in six diagnostic groups in clinical mental health care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Inductive thematic content analysis was applied to 34 semi-structured interviews. The interviews were performed among (day) clinical mental health care patients in two institutions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among patients with depression, a lack of positive R/S experiences, isolation, and feelings of guilt and shame were present. Those with cluster C and anxiety disorders reported uncertainty toward God and faith and R/S reticence. Psychotic disorders were accompanied by impressive R/S experiences, reticence to share these, and mistrust toward health professionals. Patients with bipolar disorder struggled with the interpretation of their R/S experiences and with both attraction and distance toward R/S. Cluster B patients showed ambivalence and anger toward God and others, and some reported existential tiredness. Patients with autism mentioned doubts and troubles with religious beliefs. In all groups, many patients had questions like \"why?\" or \"where is God?\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>R/S struggles to some extent may be the language of the illness. Mental health professionals are recommended to take this into account, taking heed of the content of individual R/S struggles and considering using R/S interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"27-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9761693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autism as a Disorder of Affective Empathy.","authors":"Tim Schnitzler, Thomas Fuchs","doi":"10.1159/000533655","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000533655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the first description by Leo Kanner, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been attributed a reduced empathy. However, it has not yet been clarified how empathy is specifically impaired in autism. Typically, scholars distinguish between the affective and the cognitive dimensions of empathy. The latter largely overlaps with the concept of the theory of mind (ToM), according to which we need internal inferences or simulations for gaining access to the hidden mental states of others. Since a deficit in ToM is a widely accepted explanation for difficulties of individuals with ASD in social interactions, limitations in cognitive empathy are accordingly assumed. Regarding affective empathy, there are contradictory results using various methods, showing an impaired affective empathy. The main aim of the paper is to present ASD primarily as a disorder of shared interpersonal and interaffective experiences and thus of affective empathy by means of a phenomenological analysis considering empirical studies. In this framework, a deficit of the ToM is accepted but criticized as a central explanatory approach for ASD since (1) it assumes a fundamental inaccessibility of other people, which does not correspond to our everyday social situations, and (2) it manifests developmentally long after the first signs of ASD, which means that its deficit cannot explain the basic autistic difficulties in social interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"53-62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49681627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interoceptive and Affective Alterations in Body Integrity Dysphoria: An Online Self-Reporting Study.","authors":"Alessandro Capodici, Antonio Pennisi, Gaetano Rizzo, Alessandra Falzone, Carmelo Mario Vicario","doi":"10.1159/000532076","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000532076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Body integrity dysphoria (BID) is a rare condition in which individuals experience a long-lasting desire to achieve a specific physical disability. In this study, we tested the hypothesis of interoceptive and affective abnormalities in BID, in line with the evidence of structural and functional alteration of the interoceptive-affective neural system in these individuals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Our study involved 68 participants with BID (mean age: 35.6, SD: 16.4). Among these participants, 47 expressed a desire for amputation, 14 desired paralysis, 3 sought sensory deprivation, and 3 desired a combination of these forms. For comparisons, we recruited a control group of 79 participants (mean age: 35.2, SD: 15.8). We administered assessment measures to investigate alexithymia level (TAS-20), disgust sensitivity (DS-R), interoceptive awareness (MAIA-2), and (affective and cognitive) empathy (QCAE). We also administered the Short Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE) to identify psychiatric comorbidities. Subgroups with low O-LIFE scores (BID = 31; controls = 43) and subgroups with high O-LIFE scores (BID = 37; controls = 36) were derived through a median-split procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the BID low O-LIFE group, we found reduced interoceptive sensibility, reduced disgust sensitivity, and increased difficulty in identifying feelings, which refers to a dimension of the alexithymia trait. Within the BID high O-LIFE group, we observed a reduced disgust sensitivity and interoceptive sensibility, accompanied by a diminished score in cognitive empathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that BID can be associated with altered interoceptive and affective processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"102-110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41210696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}