Psychopathology最新文献

{"title":"Automatic diagnosis of schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in rs-fMRI modality using convolutional autoencoder model and interval type-2 fuzzy regression.","authors":"Afshin Shoeibi, Navid Ghassemi, Marjane Khodatars, Parisa Moridian, Abbas Khosravi, Assef Zare, Juan M Gorriz, Amir Hossein Chale-Chale, Ali Khadem, U Rajendra Acharya","doi":"10.1007/s11571-022-09897-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11571-022-09897-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays, many people worldwide suffer from brain disorders, and their health is in danger. So far, numerous methods have been proposed for the diagnosis of Schizophrenia (SZ) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), among which functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) modalities are known as a popular method among physicians. This paper presents an SZ and ADHD intelligent detection method of resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) modality using a new deep learning method. The University of California Los Angeles dataset, which contains the rs-fMRI modalities of SZ and ADHD patients, has been used for experiments. The FMRIB software library toolbox first performed preprocessing on rs-fMRI data. Then, a convolutional Autoencoder model with the proposed number of layers is used to extract features from rs-fMRI data. In the classification step, a new fuzzy method called interval type-2 fuzzy regression (IT2FR) is introduced and then optimized by genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and gray wolf optimization (GWO) techniques. Also, the results of IT2FR methods are compared with multilayer perceptron, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, random forest, and decision tree, and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system methods. The experiment results show that the IT2FR method with the GWO optimization algorithm has achieved satisfactory results compared to other classifier methods. Finally, the proposed classification technique was able to provide 72.71% accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"36 1","pages":"1501-1523"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10640504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87286390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contents Vol. 56, No. 6, 2023","authors":"Joachim Klosterkötter, L. Fleck, A. Fuchs, M. H. Kaess, Bern, M. Kaur, NC Greensboro, M. Sanches, TX Houston, P.K.H. Mo, G.Y.K. So, Z. Lu, W. W. Mak, Hong Kong","doi":"10.1159/000535111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"538 ","pages":"I - VI"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139022730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000531326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000531326","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45313656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prelims","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000529565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529565","url":null,"abstract":"<br />Psychopathology 2023;56:1–4","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"48 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138494600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000529990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529990","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0 - 0"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45029804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homo œconomicus: A Key for Understanding Late Modernity Narcissism?","authors":"Giovanni Stanghellini","doi":"10.1159/000525678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper describes the form that narcissism takes in contemporary society in the light of Homo œconomicus - a concept developed by philosopher Foucault to describe a key figure of late modernity: the entrepreneur of himself whose core values are utility (every action must be directed towards production) and optimization (what costs more than it produces is a dead branch to be cut). Homo œconomicus is the subject of so-called \"achievement society.\" Its imperative is summed up in the formula \"You can!\" that generates heavy constraints because it is introjected as \"If I can, then I must!,\" and self-coercion is more fatal than hetero-coercion because no resistance can be put up against oneself. He is also the subject of the \"society of the spectacle\" in which a part of the world represents itself in front of the rest of the world and shows itself to be superior to it. The spectacle is not simply a set of images, but a type of social relationship between people mediated by images, generating alienation from oneself and from the Other. Using Homo œconomicus as a grid for understanding contemporary pathological forms of narcissism, I describe the values and the life-world of narcissistic persons including the ways they experience time, space, others, and their own body. I finally suggest a therapeutic of this form of existence based on the recognition of its value-structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 3","pages":"173-182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9248949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-Episode Psychosis and Centrality in the Work of Psychiatrist Henri Grivois: A Dialog with Phenomenological Psychopathology.","authors":"Sarah Troubé","doi":"10.1159/000525425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article traces the hypotheses of the contemporary French psychiatrist Henri Grivois, concerning what he calls nascent psychosis. In a perspective close to descriptive phenomenology, Grivois tries to identify the alteration of subjective experience specific to the first moments of a psychosis. He thus describes the experiences of concernment and centrality as consisting in a disruption of the tacit mechanisms of mimesis and interindividual attunement. Using the common points between Grivois's aim and that of the phenomenological approach, the article puts these two conceptions of first-episode psychosis into dialog, questioning in particular the prereflexive register of experience. The notion of centrality questions the conditions of the constitution of intersubjectivity: it places the question of the bodily and gestural incarnation that founds the relationship to the other at the center of our understanding of psychosis. Grivois's hypotheses and the phenomenology of psychoses together contribute to the questioning of the therapeutic methods employed in the early stages of treatment. Centrality, in particular, questions the limits of verbal descriptions of psychotic experiences and invites us to think about methods that are based more on the anchoring and bodily attunement of the patient and the therapist.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 3","pages":"165-172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9249611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seizures as a Struggle between Life and Death: An Existential Approach to the Psychosocial Impact of Seizures in Candidates for Epilepsy Surgery.","authors":"Prisca R Bauer, Marie L A Bronnec, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, Dirk-Matthias Altenmüller, Thomas Fuchs","doi":"10.1159/000528924","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000528924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mental health comorbidities such as depression and anxiety are common in epilepsy, especially among people with pharmacoresistant epilepsy who are candidates for epilepsy surgery. The Psychology Task Force of the International League Against Epilepsy advised that psychological interventions should be integrated into comprehensive epilepsy care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To better understand the psychological impact of epilepsy and epileptic seizures in epilepsy surgery candidates, we analysed interviews with this subgroup of patients using Karl Jaspers' concept of limit situations, which are characterised by a confrontation with the limits and challenges of life. These are especially chance, randomness, and unpredictability, death and finitude of life, struggle and self-assertion, guilt, failure, and falling short of one's aspirations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 43 interviews conducted with 15 people with drug-resistant epilepsy who were candidates for epilepsy surgery, we found that these themes are recurrent and have a large psychosocial impact, which can result in depression and anxiety. For some people, epileptic seizures appear to meet the criteria for traumatic events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding epilepsy and seizures as existential challenges complements the neurobiological explanations for psychological comorbidities and can help tailor psychological interventions to the specific needs of people with epilepsy, especially those who are candidates for surgical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"417-429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9476304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Significance of Relationships in Developmental Psychopathology and Youth Mental Health.","authors":"Leonie Fleck,&nbsp;Anna Fuchs,&nbsp;Michael Kaess","doi":"10.1159/000529417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529417","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive relationships play a major role in healthy child development. Caregiver-child relationships have the potential to shape a variety of child developmental outcomes, often based on interactions between child biology and the environment. They lay the foundation for the development of secure attachment, social and cognitive abilities, and physical and mental health [1, 2]. Humans are hard-wired to use social proximity as means of regulation [3]. Reciprocal interactions with caregivers help us to form our self-regulatory abilities [4] and positive relationship experiences with caregivers shape the expectations we have towards people in future relationships. Importantly, not only relationships with caregivers but also those with peers are important to our sense of belonging, impacting children’s well-being [5], and are important contributors to the development of social skills such as empathy [6]. There are circumstances which can compromise the ability of parents to form secure relationships with their offspring: caregivers who suffer from mental illness, have experienced childhood maltreatment, or experience ongoing stress and burden may sometimes lack the sufficient resources to respond adequately to their children’s signals and needs. Maladaptive interaction patterns can be important mediators in the process of intergenerational transmission of psychopathology [7]. Moreover, it is important to consider reciprocal associations between vulnerabilities of both parents and their child. Just as parental mental illness and adverse childhood experiences, child characteristics such as temperament and psychopathology shape the caregiver-child relationship and can pose challenges on parenting. From a developmental perspective, children with biological vulnerability who do not experience sufficient co-regulation by their caregivers are more likely to develop difficulties in self-regulation [8]. Moving forward, more dysregulated children often struggle with peer acceptance, which further diminishes the chance of positive relationship experiences. However, if existent, both positive peer relationships as well as positive caregiver-child relationships have the potential to act as important buffers in the presence of problems in the respective opposite relationship area [9, 10]. As such, interpersonal relationships can be both protector and risk in the context of developmental psychopathology.","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 1-2","pages":"5-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9512447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurodevelopmental Antecedents and Sensory Phenomena in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review Supporting a Phenomenological-Developmental Model.","authors":"Michele Poletti,&nbsp;Eva Gebhardt,&nbsp;Lorenzo Pelizza,&nbsp;Antonio Preti,&nbsp;Andrea Raballo","doi":"10.1159/000526708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The majority of models on obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) endorse a top-down perspective on the cognitive mechanisms underlying OCD functioning and maintenance, whereas a bottom-up perspective is rarely pursued.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to review the empirical literature on sensory phenomena (SP) and neurodevelopmental antecedents of OCD, which could support the conceptualization of an alternative, bottom-up perspective integrating neurodevelopmental and phenomenological levels of analysis on OCD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycInfo, the Cochrane Library, and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) and focused on SP and \"neurodevelopmental antecedents\" (operationalized in early risk factors, neuroimaging signs, neurological soft signs, and sensory responsivity). The time interval was from inception up to March 31, 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the search in electronic databases, 48 studies were retained and reviewed. SP are highly prevalent in OCD patients and overrepresented in comparison with healthy controls. Similarly, OCD patients also present a higher prevalence of early environmental adversities and sensorimotor alterations in terms of neurological soft signs and sensory over-responsivity in the tactile and acoustic domains; additional findings included hypogyrification signs at neuroimaging. Both sensorimotor alterations and SP are associated with tic-related manifestations and poorer insight in OCD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>On the ground of established common subjective experience of SP and premorbid neurodevelopmental features, we hypothesized an explanatory model for OCD, which considers the possible pathophysiological role for altered corollary discharge and enhanced error detection in the neurodevelopment of SP and obsessions. SP may represent the subjective experiential resonance of an individual history of persistently inaccurate sensory predictions, whereas accompanying manifestations, such as the obsessive need for order and symmetry, may represent a compensatory attempt to mitigate SP. This neurodevelopmental-phenomenological bottom-up model, describing a dimensional gradient of sensorimotor alterations and related subjective experiences, may contribute to explain the dimensional affinity between OCD and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Furthermore, this model could be useful for the early detection of subjects at higher risk of OCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 4","pages":"295-305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9557835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}