Psychopathology最新文献

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000529990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529990","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0 - 0"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45029804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homo œconomicus: A Key for Understanding Late Modernity Narcissism?","authors":"Giovanni Stanghellini","doi":"10.1159/000525678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper describes the form that narcissism takes in contemporary society in the light of Homo œconomicus - a concept developed by philosopher Foucault to describe a key figure of late modernity: the entrepreneur of himself whose core values are utility (every action must be directed towards production) and optimization (what costs more than it produces is a dead branch to be cut). Homo œconomicus is the subject of so-called \"achievement society.\" Its imperative is summed up in the formula \"You can!\" that generates heavy constraints because it is introjected as \"If I can, then I must!,\" and self-coercion is more fatal than hetero-coercion because no resistance can be put up against oneself. He is also the subject of the \"society of the spectacle\" in which a part of the world represents itself in front of the rest of the world and shows itself to be superior to it. The spectacle is not simply a set of images, but a type of social relationship between people mediated by images, generating alienation from oneself and from the Other. Using Homo œconomicus as a grid for understanding contemporary pathological forms of narcissism, I describe the values and the life-world of narcissistic persons including the ways they experience time, space, others, and their own body. I finally suggest a therapeutic of this form of existence based on the recognition of its value-structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 3","pages":"173-182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9248949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-Episode Psychosis and Centrality in the Work of Psychiatrist Henri Grivois: A Dialog with Phenomenological Psychopathology.","authors":"Sarah Troubé","doi":"10.1159/000525425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article traces the hypotheses of the contemporary French psychiatrist Henri Grivois, concerning what he calls nascent psychosis. In a perspective close to descriptive phenomenology, Grivois tries to identify the alteration of subjective experience specific to the first moments of a psychosis. He thus describes the experiences of concernment and centrality as consisting in a disruption of the tacit mechanisms of mimesis and interindividual attunement. Using the common points between Grivois's aim and that of the phenomenological approach, the article puts these two conceptions of first-episode psychosis into dialog, questioning in particular the prereflexive register of experience. The notion of centrality questions the conditions of the constitution of intersubjectivity: it places the question of the bodily and gestural incarnation that founds the relationship to the other at the center of our understanding of psychosis. Grivois's hypotheses and the phenomenology of psychoses together contribute to the questioning of the therapeutic methods employed in the early stages of treatment. Centrality, in particular, questions the limits of verbal descriptions of psychotic experiences and invites us to think about methods that are based more on the anchoring and bodily attunement of the patient and the therapist.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 3","pages":"165-172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9249611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seizures as a Struggle between Life and Death: An Existential Approach to the Psychosocial Impact of Seizures in Candidates for Epilepsy Surgery.","authors":"Prisca R Bauer, Marie L A Bronnec, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, Dirk-Matthias Altenmüller, Thomas Fuchs","doi":"10.1159/000528924","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000528924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mental health comorbidities such as depression and anxiety are common in epilepsy, especially among people with pharmacoresistant epilepsy who are candidates for epilepsy surgery. The Psychology Task Force of the International League Against Epilepsy advised that psychological interventions should be integrated into comprehensive epilepsy care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To better understand the psychological impact of epilepsy and epileptic seizures in epilepsy surgery candidates, we analysed interviews with this subgroup of patients using Karl Jaspers' concept of limit situations, which are characterised by a confrontation with the limits and challenges of life. These are especially chance, randomness, and unpredictability, death and finitude of life, struggle and self-assertion, guilt, failure, and falling short of one's aspirations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 43 interviews conducted with 15 people with drug-resistant epilepsy who were candidates for epilepsy surgery, we found that these themes are recurrent and have a large psychosocial impact, which can result in depression and anxiety. For some people, epileptic seizures appear to meet the criteria for traumatic events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding epilepsy and seizures as existential challenges complements the neurobiological explanations for psychological comorbidities and can help tailor psychological interventions to the specific needs of people with epilepsy, especially those who are candidates for surgical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"417-429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9476304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Significance of Relationships in Developmental Psychopathology and Youth Mental Health.","authors":"Leonie Fleck,&nbsp;Anna Fuchs,&nbsp;Michael Kaess","doi":"10.1159/000529417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529417","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive relationships play a major role in healthy child development. Caregiver-child relationships have the potential to shape a variety of child developmental outcomes, often based on interactions between child biology and the environment. They lay the foundation for the development of secure attachment, social and cognitive abilities, and physical and mental health [1, 2]. Humans are hard-wired to use social proximity as means of regulation [3]. Reciprocal interactions with caregivers help us to form our self-regulatory abilities [4] and positive relationship experiences with caregivers shape the expectations we have towards people in future relationships. Importantly, not only relationships with caregivers but also those with peers are important to our sense of belonging, impacting children’s well-being [5], and are important contributors to the development of social skills such as empathy [6]. There are circumstances which can compromise the ability of parents to form secure relationships with their offspring: caregivers who suffer from mental illness, have experienced childhood maltreatment, or experience ongoing stress and burden may sometimes lack the sufficient resources to respond adequately to their children’s signals and needs. Maladaptive interaction patterns can be important mediators in the process of intergenerational transmission of psychopathology [7]. Moreover, it is important to consider reciprocal associations between vulnerabilities of both parents and their child. Just as parental mental illness and adverse childhood experiences, child characteristics such as temperament and psychopathology shape the caregiver-child relationship and can pose challenges on parenting. From a developmental perspective, children with biological vulnerability who do not experience sufficient co-regulation by their caregivers are more likely to develop difficulties in self-regulation [8]. Moving forward, more dysregulated children often struggle with peer acceptance, which further diminishes the chance of positive relationship experiences. However, if existent, both positive peer relationships as well as positive caregiver-child relationships have the potential to act as important buffers in the presence of problems in the respective opposite relationship area [9, 10]. As such, interpersonal relationships can be both protector and risk in the context of developmental psychopathology.","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 1-2","pages":"5-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9512447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurodevelopmental Antecedents and Sensory Phenomena in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review Supporting a Phenomenological-Developmental Model.","authors":"Michele Poletti,&nbsp;Eva Gebhardt,&nbsp;Lorenzo Pelizza,&nbsp;Antonio Preti,&nbsp;Andrea Raballo","doi":"10.1159/000526708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The majority of models on obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) endorse a top-down perspective on the cognitive mechanisms underlying OCD functioning and maintenance, whereas a bottom-up perspective is rarely pursued.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to review the empirical literature on sensory phenomena (SP) and neurodevelopmental antecedents of OCD, which could support the conceptualization of an alternative, bottom-up perspective integrating neurodevelopmental and phenomenological levels of analysis on OCD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycInfo, the Cochrane Library, and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) and focused on SP and \"neurodevelopmental antecedents\" (operationalized in early risk factors, neuroimaging signs, neurological soft signs, and sensory responsivity). The time interval was from inception up to March 31, 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the search in electronic databases, 48 studies were retained and reviewed. SP are highly prevalent in OCD patients and overrepresented in comparison with healthy controls. Similarly, OCD patients also present a higher prevalence of early environmental adversities and sensorimotor alterations in terms of neurological soft signs and sensory over-responsivity in the tactile and acoustic domains; additional findings included hypogyrification signs at neuroimaging. Both sensorimotor alterations and SP are associated with tic-related manifestations and poorer insight in OCD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>On the ground of established common subjective experience of SP and premorbid neurodevelopmental features, we hypothesized an explanatory model for OCD, which considers the possible pathophysiological role for altered corollary discharge and enhanced error detection in the neurodevelopment of SP and obsessions. SP may represent the subjective experiential resonance of an individual history of persistently inaccurate sensory predictions, whereas accompanying manifestations, such as the obsessive need for order and symmetry, may represent a compensatory attempt to mitigate SP. This neurodevelopmental-phenomenological bottom-up model, describing a dimensional gradient of sensorimotor alterations and related subjective experiences, may contribute to explain the dimensional affinity between OCD and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Furthermore, this model could be useful for the early detection of subjects at higher risk of OCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 4","pages":"295-305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9557835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyberbullying and School Bullying Are Related to Additive Adverse Effects among Adolescents.","authors":"Fanny Carina Ossa,&nbsp;Vanessa Jantzer,&nbsp;Franziska Neumayer,&nbsp;Lena Eppelmann,&nbsp;Franz Resch,&nbsp;Michael Kaess","doi":"10.1159/000523992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000523992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine whether (a) cyberbullying has unique associations with mental health problems, risk-taking, and self-harm behavior in victims and perpetrators when compared to school bullying and (b) if cyberbullying is associated with an additional burden for students already involved in school bullying.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from 6,561 students across 23 schools in Germany (grades 5-13). The sample was divided into the following four groups: cyber-only involvement (victims = 1.9%, perpetrators = 0.6%), school-only involvement (victims = 17.2%, perpetrators = 11.9%), dual involvement (victims = 5.7%, perpetrators = 2.9%), and noninvolvement (victims = 75.3%, perpetrators = 84.6%). Multilevel mixed-effects regression analysis was conducted to examine group differences in mental health (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, KIDSCREEN-10), risk-taking, and self-harm behavior (e.g., substance use, suicide attempts).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cyber-only bullying had unique associations with mental health problems and risk-taking behavior in victims (lower levels of peer relationship problems: p < 0.001, greater substance use: p < 0.05) and perpetrators (higher levels of peer relationship problems: p < 0.05) when compared to school-only bullying. Dual victims and perpetrators reported significantly more mental health problems (victims: χ2(5) = 221.58, p < 0.001; perpetrators: χ2(5) = 116.40, p < 0.001) and were more likely to report risk-taking and self-harm behavior (victims: χ2(7) = 115.15, p < 0.001; perpetrators: χ2(7) = 38.79, p < 0.001) than students involved in school-only bullying.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cyber-only bullying appears to be related to specific mental health issues beyond those associated with school-only bullying. Cyberbullying and school bullying go along with additive mental health problems, risk-taking, and self-harm behavior in both victims and perpetrators. Thus, bullying prevention and intervention programs should also target cyberbullying.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 1-2","pages":"127-137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9094805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediating Role of Health-Promoting Behaviors on the Association between Symptom Severity and Quality of Life among Chinese Individuals with Mental Illness: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Phoenix K H Mo,&nbsp;Georgina Y K So,&nbsp;Zhihui Lu,&nbsp;Winnie W S Mak","doi":"10.1159/000525495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research has shown that people with mental illnesses (PMI) are found to show poorer lifestyle than the general population. Yet, the effect of their psychiatric symptoms in the association between gender difference, health-promoting behaviors, and quality of life have received little attention. The present study examined the association between symptom severity, health-promoting behaviors, and quality of life among PMI in Hong Kong. Gender difference on the association between these variables was also examined.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 591 individuals with DSM-IV-TR Axis 1 diagnosis recruited from the community.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from MANOVA showed that PMI with more severe psychiatric symptoms engaged in a significantly lower level of health-promoting behaviors and reported a lower level of quality of life. Results from structural equation modeling showed that health-promoting behaviors mediated the association between psychiatric symptoms and quality of life. Multigroup analyses showed that the association between psychiatric symptoms and health-promoting behaviors was stronger among female participants, while the association between health-promoting behaviors and quality of life was stronger among male participants.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>Despite clear evidence suggesting symptom severity to be negatively correlated with quality of life, the underlying mechanism has been less clear. There is a need to promote health-promoting behaviors in order to improve the quality of life of PMI. Gender-specific interventions are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 3","pages":"194-205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9303648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal Identity and Narrativity in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Phenomenological Reconfiguration.","authors":"Cassandre Bois,&nbsp;István Fazakas,&nbsp;Juliette Salles,&nbsp;Tudi Gozé","doi":"10.1159/000526222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex condition marked by heterogeneity. People with BPD have a profusion of symptoms spread across various levels of lived experience, such as identity, affectivity, and interpersonal relationships. Researchers and clinicians have often resorted to the structuring concept of Self to organize the fragmentation of their experience at the identity level. Notably, using the concept of the narrative self, Fuchs proposed to interpret BPD as a fragmentation of narrative identity. This interpretation of BPD, widely shared, has been challenged by Gold and Kyratsous, who have proposed a complementary understanding of the self through the idea of agency, and to which Schmidt and Fuchs in turn have countered. This article proposes to contribute to this discussion from a phenomenological perspective. First, we will briefly review the discussions around narrative interpretation of BPD. From the problems left unresolved by the discussion, we will then justify the necessity to proceed with a stratification of the self from a phenomenology method. Third, from the thought of the Hungarian phenomenologist László Tengelyi, we will continue with an archaeology of the self, in three layers - self-institution, self-formation, and minimal self - integrating Schmidt and Fuchs' concepts of self, in addition to those of Gold and Kyratsous, but also, to a lesser extent, those of Dan Zahavi. Finally, we will proceed with a phenomenological reconfiguration of the experiences and manifestations associated with the identity axis of BPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 3","pages":"183-193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9698242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental Trajectories of Self-, Other-, and Dual-Harm across Adolescence: The Role of Relationships with Peers and Teachers.","authors":"Annekatrin Steinhoff,&nbsp;Denis Ribeaud,&nbsp;Manuel Eisner,&nbsp;Lilly Shanahan","doi":"10.1159/000525296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We investigated the longitudinal course of self-, other-, and dual-harm in adolescents, focusing on the infliction of physical injury on oneself, another person, or both parties, respectively. We examined the within-person transitions between these types of harm and whether relationships with peers and teachers predict individual harm trajectories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used community-representative longitudinal data (N = 1,482; 52% male; 50% both parents born abroad). The participants self-reported self- and other-harm at 13, 15, 17, and 20 years. We assigned them to groups with self-, other-, dual- or no harm at specific assessments. Bullying victimization and relationship quality with classmates and teachers were assessed at 13 and 17. We estimated transition probabilities between the harm groups using latent Markov chain models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At age 13, 3% of the sample engaged in dual-harm, 10% in self-harm only, and 7% in other-harm only. These percentages decreased in late adolescence. Initial dual-harm was often followed by sex-specific single-harm: most of the female participants transitioned to self-harm, and male participants to other-harm. Those in the initial dual-harm group were less likely to stop harming than those in the initial single-harm groups (p < 0.05). Adverse relationship experiences generally predicted harm. A positive teacher-student bond was associated with the cessation of single-harm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Single- and dual-harm in the form of physical injury typically emerge by mid-adolescence. After this point, adolescents commonly maintain harm, especially those who have presented with dual-harm. Helping adolescents cope with adverse relationship experiences and creating opportunities for positive relationship experiences could address these harmful behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":"56 1-2","pages":"138-147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10840400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}