Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences最新文献

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Plankton 浮游生物
R. Lord
{"title":"Plankton","authors":"R. Lord","doi":"10.1525/abt.2016.78.1.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/abt.2016.78.1.80","url":null,"abstract":"Today I must concentrate on just one of the many possible aspects of plankton research, one that 1 believe has a real future given the opportunity and the backing. This is: how the movement and mixing of water masses affect the plankton and, in turn, the effect this has on the other dependent communities and so on the fish themselves. We know that the mixing of different water masses produces conditions that are usually more productive than in either, and this can happen on a large scale, as in the convergences, or on a small scale in quite local areas. Sometimes the cause of the greater productivity is obvious—for example, off the coast of Peru where off-shore winds tend to drive away the depleted surface waters. These are replaced by the upwelling of nutrient-rich waters from below; some mixing takes place seeding the rich water with phytoplankton and resulting in one of the richest areas of production in the oceans and incidentally leading to an export of cheap fish meal that is having repercussions in the European markets.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1525/abt.2016.78.1.80","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47838777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spectral concentrations and resonances of a second–order block operator matrix and an associated λ–rational Sturm-Liouville problem 二阶块算子矩阵的谱浓度和共振及相关的λ有理Sturm-Liouville问题
B. M. Brown, M. Langer, M. Marletta
{"title":"Spectral concentrations and resonances of a second–order block operator matrix and an associated λ–rational Sturm-Liouville problem","authors":"B. M. Brown, M. Langer, M. Marletta","doi":"10.1098/rspa.2003.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2003.1272","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the resonances and points of spectral concentration of the block operator matrix ( − d2 d x 2 +q tw tw ) in the space L2(0,1)⊕L2(0,1). In particular we study the dynamics of the resonance/eigenvalue λ(t), showing that an embedded eigenvalue can evolve into a resonance and that eigenvalues which are absorbed by the essential spectrum give rise to resonance points. A connection is also established between resonances and points of spectral concentration. Finally, some numerical examples are given which show that each of the above theoretical possibilities can be realized.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75390778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Rotational transformations of the sum of the squares of the flux Jacobians of the Navier–Stokes equations Navier-Stokes方程的通量雅可比矩阵平方和的旋转变换
Chittur S. Venkatasubban
{"title":"Rotational transformations of the sum of the squares of the flux Jacobians of the Navier–Stokes equations","authors":"Chittur S. Venkatasubban","doi":"10.1098/rspa.2004.1365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2004.1365","url":null,"abstract":"We report the discovery of a new mathematical identity for the Navier–Stokes equations, which model the flow of a viscous compressible gas. The identity relates the sum of the squares of the viscous flux Jacobians in rotated coordinate systems, and takes the form of a remarkably compact similarity transformation: ∑ i=1 3 A * i d =G{ ∑ i=1 3 A i d A i d } G T . The proof of an analogous relationship for the sum of the squares of the Euler flux Jacobians appeared in Venkatasubban (Proc. R. Soc. Lond. (2001) A457, 1111–1114). At that time, the extension to the Navier–Stokes equations was not evident, given that this requires a separate and detailed derivation. It may be remarked that these relationships possess an elegant simplicity that the flux Jacobians themselves do not have. In developing numerical algorithms for flow solvers based on the Navier–Stokes equations, it is often necessary or advantageous to work in a rotated coordinate frame. This relation thus has potential applications in the development of new and improved algorithms for Navier–Stokes computer codes used to solve industrial problems in aerodynamics and fluid dynamics.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87106749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dynamics of an axisymmetric body spinning on a horizontal surface. I. Stability and the gyroscopic approximation 轴对称体在水平面上旋转的动力学。稳定性和陀螺仪近似
H. K. Moffatt, Y. Shimomura, M. Branicki
{"title":"Dynamics of an axisymmetric body spinning on a horizontal surface. I. Stability and the gyroscopic approximation","authors":"H. K. Moffatt, Y. Shimomura, M. Branicki","doi":"10.1098/rspa.2004.1329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2004.1329","url":null,"abstract":"The general spinning motion of an axisymmetric rigid body on a horizontal table is analysed, allowing for slip and friction at the point of contact P. Attention is focused on the case of spheroids (prolate or oblate), and particularly on spheroids whose density distribution is such that the centre–of–mass and centre–of–volume coincide. Four classes of fixed points (i.e. steady states) are identified, and the linear stability properties in each case are determined, assuming viscous friction at P. The governing dynamical system is six–dimensional. Trajectories of the system are computed, and are shown in projection in a three–dimensional subspace; these start near unstable fixed points and (in the case of viscous friction) end at stable fixed points. It is shown inter alia that a uniform prolate spheroid set in sufficiently rapid spinning motion with its axis horizontal is unstable, and its axis rises to a stable steady state, at either an intermediate angle or the vertical, depending on the initial angular velocity. These computations allow an assessment of the circumstances under which the condition described as ‘gyroscopic balance’ is realized. Under this condition, the evolution from an unstable to a stable state is greatly simplified, being described by a first–order differential equation. Oscillatory modes which are stable on linear analysis may be destabilized during this evolution, with consequential oscillations in the normal reaction R at the point of support. The computations presented here are restricted to circumstances in which R remains positive.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87400887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 44
Mechanical field fluctuations in polycrystals estimated by homogenization techniques 用均质化技术估计多晶的力学场波动
R. Brenner, O. Castelnau, L. Badea
{"title":"Mechanical field fluctuations in polycrystals estimated by homogenization techniques","authors":"R. Brenner, O. Castelnau, L. Badea","doi":"10.1098/rspa.2004.1278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2004.1278","url":null,"abstract":"The fluctuation of mechanical fields arising in polycrystals is investigated. These materials are viewed as composites of the Hashin–Shtrikman type with a large number of anisotropic phases and a ‘granular’ topology. We show that the estimation of the intra–phase stress and strain (rate) second moments comes down to the resolution of a linear system of equations. Applied to a linear viscous face–centred cubic (FCC) polycrystal, it is observed that significant local slip rates are estimated even when the corresponding Schmid factor vanishes, due to the intergranular interactions. For the application to viscoplastic polycrystals, the secant and affine nonlinear extensions of the self–consistent scheme are compared. At large stress sensitivity (n = 30), it is observed that the secant linearization leads to almost uniform slip rates for all slip systems in every phase, whereas the affine approach predicts a much larger spread. Furthermore, there is no one–to–one relation between the phase–average stress (or strain rate) and the corresponding second moment. It is emphasized that intra–phase strain–rate heterogeneities should be accounted for when dealing with microstructure evolution.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76087719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 41
Correction for Linton and Barnett, Efficient computation of Schlömilch-type series 对Linton和Barnett的修正,Schlömilch-type级数的有效计算
C. Linton, D. C. Barnett
{"title":"Correction for Linton and Barnett, Efficient computation of Schlömilch-type series","authors":"C. Linton, D. C. Barnett","doi":"10.1098/RSPA.2004.2000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/RSPA.2004.2000","url":null,"abstract":"Correction for ‘Efficient computation of Schlömilch-type series’ by C. M. Linton and D. C. Barnett (Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 460, 1177–1191. (doi: 10.1098/rspa.2003.1202)). Figure 1 appears in its correct form below.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86223059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diffraction by a plane sector 平面扇形的衍射
B. Budaev, D. Bogy
{"title":"Diffraction by a plane sector","authors":"B. Budaev, D. Bogy","doi":"10.1098/rspa.2004.1322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2004.1322","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of diffraction by a perfectly reflecting screen occupying an infinite sector of the equatorial plane is addressed by the random–walk method. The solution is represented as a superposition of the wave field completely determined by an elementary ray analysis and of the field formed by the waves diffracted by the tip of the screen. The diffracted field is explicitly represented as the mathematical expectation of a specified functional on trajectories of the random motion, the radial component of which runs in a complex space while the two–dimensional angular component remains real valued. The numerical results confirm the efficiency of the random–walk approach to the analysis of diffraction by wedge–shaped screens of arbitrary angles.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89184086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Rigorous bounds of Stokes constants for some nonlinear ordinary differential equations at rank-one irregular singularities 一类非线性常微分方程在秩一不规则奇点处Stokes常数的严格界
O. Costin, R. Costin, M. Kohut
{"title":"Rigorous bounds of Stokes constants for some nonlinear ordinary differential equations at rank-one irregular singularities","authors":"O. Costin, R. Costin, M. Kohut","doi":"10.1098/rspa.2004.1310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2004.1310","url":null,"abstract":"A rigorous way of obtaining sharp bounds for Stokes constants is introduced and illustrated on a concrete problem arising in applications.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77234181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
A computational framework for agglomeration in thermochemically reacting granular flows 热化学反应颗粒流中团聚的计算框架
T. Zohdi
{"title":"A computational framework for agglomeration in thermochemically reacting granular flows","authors":"T. Zohdi","doi":"10.1098/rspa.2004.1277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2004.1277","url":null,"abstract":"A computational framework is developed which couples a series of models, each describing vastly different physical events, in order to characterize particle growth (agglomeration) in thermochemically reacting granular flows. The modelling is purposely simplified to expose the dominant mechanisms which control agglomeration. The overall system is comprised of relatively simple coupled submodels describing impact, heat production, bonding and fragmentation, each of which can be replaced by more elaborate descriptions, if and when they are available. Inverse problems, solved with a genetic algorithm, are then constructed to ascertain system parameters which maximize agglomeration likelihood within a range of admissible data.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82944882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 58
Hamel coefficients for the rotational motion of an N–dimensional rigid body n维刚体旋转运动的哈默尔系数
J. Hurtado, A. Sinclair
{"title":"Hamel coefficients for the rotational motion of an N–dimensional rigid body","authors":"J. Hurtado, A. Sinclair","doi":"10.1098/rspa.2004.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2004.1320","url":null,"abstract":"Many of the kinematic and dynamic concepts relating to rotational motion have been generalized for N–dimensional rigid bodies. In this paper a new derivation of the generalized Euler equations is presented. The development herein of the N–dimensional rotational equations of motion requires the introduction of a new symbol, which is a numerical relative tensor, to relate the elements of an N Ö N skew–symmetric matrix to a vector form. This symbol allows the Hamel coefficients associated with general N–dimensional rotations to be computed. Using these coefficients, Lagrange's equations are written in terms of the angular–velocity components of an N–dimensional rigid body. The new derivation provides a convenient vector form of the equations, allows the study of systems with forcing functions, and allows for the sensitivity of the kinetic energy to the generalized coordinates.","PeriodicalId":20722,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81306793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
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