Medicinal Research Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Front Cover Image, Volume 43, Issue 5","authors":"Jesus Shrestha,&nbsp;Keshav Raj Paudel,&nbsp;Hojjatollah Nazari,&nbsp;Vivek Dharwal,&nbsp;Sajad Razavi Bazaz,&nbsp;Matt D. Johansen,&nbsp;Kamal Dua,&nbsp;Philip M. Hansbro,&nbsp;Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani","doi":"10.1002/med.21908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21908","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the Review Article <i>Advanced models for respiratory disease and drug studies</i> by Jesus Shrestha et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21956.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med.21908","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5642426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopy based methods for characterization, drug delivery, and understanding the dynamics of nanoparticles","authors":"Priyamvada Gupta,&nbsp;Nilesh Rai,&nbsp;Ashish Verma,&nbsp;Vibhav Gautam","doi":"10.1002/med.21981","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med.21981","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanomedicine is an emerging field that exploits nanotechnology for the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic modalities. Researches are been focussed in nanoimaging to develop noninvasive, highly sensitive, and reliable tools for diagnosis and visualization in nanomedical field. The application of nanomedicine in healthcare requires in-depth understanding of their structural, physical and morphological properties, internalization inside living system, biodistribution and localization, stability, mode of action and possible toxic health effects. Microscopic techniques including fluorescence-based confocal laser scanning microscopy, super-resolution fluorescence microscopy and multiphoton microscopy; optical-based Raman microscopy, photoacoustic microscopy and optical coherence tomography; photothermal microscopy; electron microscopy (transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope); atomic force microscopy; X-ray microscopy and, correlative multimodal imaging are recognized as an indispensable tool in material research and aided in numerous discoveries. Microscopy holds great promise in detecting the fundamental structures of nanoparticles (NPs) that determines their performance and applications. Moreover, the intricate details that allows assessment of chemical composition, surface topology and interfacial properties, molecular, microstructure, and micromechanical properties are also elucidated. With plethora of applications, microscopy-based techniques have been used to characterize novel NPs alongwith their proficient designing and adoption of safe strategies to be exploited in nanomedicine. Consequently, microscopic techniques have been extensively used in the characterization of fabricated NPs, and their biomedical application in diagnostics and therapeutics. The present review provides an overview of the microscopy-based techniques for in vitro and in vivo application in nanomedical investigation alongwith their challenges and advancement to meet the limitations of conventional methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"138-168"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9598952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front Cover Image, Volume 43, Issue 4","authors":"Jessica Merjane,&nbsp;Roger Chung,&nbsp;Rickie Patani,&nbsp;Leszek Lisowski","doi":"10.1002/med.21983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21983","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the Review Article <i>Molecular mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as broad therapeutic targets for gene therapy applications utilizing adeno-associated viral vectors</i> by Jessica Merjane et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21937.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"43 4","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med.21983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6082693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemobrain in blood cancers: How chemotherapeutics interfere with the brain's structure and functionality, immune system, and metabolic functions","authors":"M. Skurlova,&nbsp;K. Holubova,&nbsp;L. Kleteckova,&nbsp;T. Kozak,&nbsp;H. Kubova,&nbsp;J. Horacek,&nbsp;K. Vales","doi":"10.1002/med.21977","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med.21977","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer treatment brings about a phenomenon not fully clarified yet, termed chemobrain. Its strong negative impact on patients' well-being makes it a trending topic in current research, interconnecting many disciplines from clinical oncology to neuroscience. Clinical and animal studies have often reported elevated concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in various types of blood cancers. This inflammatory burst could be the background for chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficit in patients with blood cancers. Cancer environment is a dynamic interacting system. The review puts into close relationship the inflammatory dysbalance and oxidative/nitrosative stress with disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB breakdown leads to neuroinflammation, followed by neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. High levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce the progression of cancer resulting in increased mutagenesis, conversion of protooncogenes to oncogenes, and inactivation of tumor suppression genes to trigger cancer cell growth. These cell alterations may change brain functionality, as well as morphology. Multidrug chemotherapy is not without consequences to healthy tissue and could even be toxic. Specific treatment impacts brain function and morphology, functions of the immune system, and metabolism in a unique mixture. In general, a chemo-drug's effects on cognition in cancer are not direct and/or in-direct, usually a combination of effects is more probable. Last but not least, chemotherapy strongly impacts the immune system and could contribute to BBB disruption. This review points out inflammation as a possible mechanism of brain damage during blood cancers and discusses chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"5-22"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9566108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unrevealing the connection between real sample analysis and analytical method. The case of cytokines","authors":"Maria-Bianca Irimeș,&nbsp;Mihaela Tertiș,&nbsp;Radu Oprean,&nbsp;Cecilia Cristea","doi":"10.1002/med.21978","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med.21978","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cytokines are compounds that belong to a special class of signaling biomolecules that are responsible for several functions in the human body, being involved in cell growth, inflammatory, and neoplastic processes. Thus, they represent valuable biomarkers for diagnosing and drug therapy monitoring certain medical conditions. Because cytokines are secreted in the human body, they can be detected in both conventional samples, such as blood or urine, but also in samples less used in medical practice such as sweat or saliva. As the importance of cytokines was identified, various analytical methods for their determination in biological fluids were reported. The gold standard in cytokine detection is considered the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and the most recent ones have been considered and compared in this study. It is known that the conventional methods are accompanied by a few disadvantages that new methods of analysis, especially electrochemical sensors, are trying to overcome. Electrochemical sensors proved to be suited for the elaboration of integrated, portable, and wearable sensing devices, which could also facilitate cytokines determination in medical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"23-65"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9533247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances of antitumor drug discovery in traditional Chinese medicine and natural active products by using multi-active components combination","authors":"Wei Zhao,&nbsp;Xiao-Di Zheng,&nbsp;Paula Yun-Zhi Tang,&nbsp;Hong-Mei Li,&nbsp;Xue Liu,&nbsp;Jian-Jiang Zhong,&nbsp;Ya-Jie Tang","doi":"10.1002/med.21963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21963","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The antitumor efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines has been widely recognized. Leading compounds such as sterols, glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and polyketides constitute their complex active components. The antitumor monomers derived from Chinese medicine possess an attractive anticancer activity. However, their use was limited by low bioavailability, significant toxicity, and side effects, hindering their clinical applications. Recently, new chemical entities have been designed and synthesized by combining natural drugs with other small drug molecules or active moieties to improve the antitumor activity and selectivity, and reduce side effects. Such a novel conjugated drug that can interact with several vital biological targets in cells may have a more significant or synergistic anticancer activity than a single-molecule drug. In addition, antitumor conjugates could be obtained by combining pharmacophores containing two or more known drugs or leading compounds. Based on these studies, the new drug research and development could be greatly shortened. This study reviews the research progress of conjugates with antitumor activity based on Chinese herbal medicine. It is expected to serve as a valuable reference to antitumor drug research and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"1778-1808"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5656435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced models for respiratory disease and drug studies","authors":"Jesus Shrestha,&nbsp;Keshav Raj Paudel,&nbsp;Hojjatollah Nazari,&nbsp;Vivek Dharwal,&nbsp;Sajad Razavi Bazaz,&nbsp;Matt D. Johansen,&nbsp;Kamal Dua,&nbsp;Philip M. Hansbro,&nbsp;Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani","doi":"10.1002/med.21956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21956","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The global burden of respiratory diseases is enormous, with many millions of people suffering and dying prematurely every year. The global COVID-19 pandemic witnessed recently, along with increased air pollution and wildfire events, increases the urgency of identifying the most effective therapeutic measures to combat these diseases even further. Despite increasing expenditure and extensive collaborative efforts to identify and develop the most effective and safe treatments, the failure rates of drugs evaluated in human clinical trials are high. To reverse these trends and minimize the cost of drug development, ineffective drug candidates must be eliminated as early as possible by employing new, efficient, and accurate preclinical screening approaches. Animal models have been the mainstay of pulmonary research as they recapitulate the complex physiological processes, Multiorgan interplay, disease phenotypes of disease, and the pharmacokinetic behavior of drugs. Recently, the use of advanced culture technologies such as organoids and lung-on-a-chip models has gained increasing attention because of their potential to reproduce human diseased states and physiology, with clinically relevant responses to drugs and toxins. This review provides an overview of different animal models for studying respiratory diseases and evaluating drugs. We also highlight recent progress in cell culture technologies to advance integrated models and discuss current challenges and present future perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"1470-1503"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med.21956","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5849053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting epigenetic modifications in Parkinson's disease therapy","authors":"Dan Zhang,&nbsp;Jifa Zhang,&nbsp;Yuxi Wang,&nbsp;Guan Wang,&nbsp;Pan Tang,&nbsp;Yun Liu,&nbsp;Yiwen Zhang,&nbsp;Liang Ouyang","doi":"10.1002/med.21962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21962","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disease due to a complex interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors. Recent efforts shed new light on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in regulating pathways related to the development of PD, including DNA methylation, posttranslational modifications of histones, and the presence of microRNA (miRNA or miR). Epigenetic regulators are potential therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative disorders. In the review, we aim to summarize mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in PD, and describe how the DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, and histone acetyltransferases that mediate the key processes of PD are attractive therapeutic targets. We discuss the use of inhibitors and/or activators of these regulators in PD models or patients, and how these small molecule epigenetic modulators elicit neuroprotective effects. Further more, given the importance of miRNAs in PD, their contributions to the underlying mechanisms of PD will be discussed as well, together with miRNA-based therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"1748-1777"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5849049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next generation of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents for cancer treatment","authors":"Paolo Coghi,&nbsp;Jinxin Li,&nbsp;Narayan S. Hosmane,&nbsp;Yinghuai Zhu","doi":"10.1002/med.21964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21964","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of the most promising treatments among neutron capture therapies due to its long-term clinical application and unequivocally obtained success during clinical trials. Boron drug and neutron play an equivalent crucial role in BNCT. Nevertheless, current clinically used <span>l</span>-boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH) suffer from large uptake dose and low blood to tumor selectivity, and that initiated overwhelm screening of next generation of BNCT agents. Various boron agents, such as small molecules and macro/nano-vehicles, have been explored with better success. In this featured article, different types of agents are rationally analyzed and compared, and the feasible targets are shared to present a perspective view for the future of BNCT in cancer treatment. This review aims at summarizing the current knowledge of a variety of boron compounds, reported recently, for the application of BCNT.</p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"1809-1830"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5828249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current and emerging approaches to noncompetitive AR inhibition","authors":"Christopher M. Riley,&nbsp;Jessica M. L. Elwood,&nbsp;Martyn C. Henry,&nbsp;Irene Hunter,&nbsp;J. Daniel Lopez-Fernandez,&nbsp;Iain J. McEwan,&nbsp;Craig Jamieson","doi":"10.1002/med.21961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21961","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The androgen receptor (AR) has been shown to be a key determinant in the pathogenesis of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The current standard of care therapies targets the ligand-binding domain of the receptor and can afford improvements to life expectancy often only in the order of months before resistance occurs. Emerging preclinical and clinical compounds that inhibit receptor activity via differentiated mechanisms of action which are orthogonal to current antiandrogens show promise for overcoming treatment resistance. In this review, we present an authoritative summary of molecules that noncompetitively target the AR. Emerging small molecule strategies for targeting alternative domains of the AR represent a promising area of research that shows significant potential for future therapies. The overall quality of lead candidates in the area of noncompetitive AR inhibition is discussed, and it identifies the key chemotypes and associated properties which are likely to be, or are currently, positioned to be first in human applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"1701-1747"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med.21961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5680183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}