Process Safety Progress最新文献_第8页

Inhibition behavior and heat transfer of flame spread over liquid fuel with the influence of a step obstacle in the gas phase 受气相阶梯障碍物影响的液体燃料火焰传播的抑制行为和热传递

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12564

Shenlin Yang, Peiyuan Hu, Ranran Li, Manhou Li, Quanmin Xie, Jingchuan Li

{"title":"Inhibition behavior and heat transfer of flame spread over liquid fuel with the influence of a step obstacle in the gas phase","authors":"Shenlin Yang, Peiyuan Hu, Ranran Li, Manhou Li, Quanmin Xie, Jingchuan Li","doi":"10.1002/prs.12564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12564","url":null,"abstract":"The transportation of oil is an important aspect of chemical process safety. In the accidental leakage of oil and related products, the flame spread occurs occasionally when the liquid fuel is activated by a pilot flame. In the potential application of fire prevention, a step obstacle placed above the oil ditch may effectively hinder the flame spread. The effectiveness of the usage of a step obstacle depends on the size of the obstacle and the heat exchange mechanism. Therefore, the investigation of inhibition behavior and heat transfer of liquid flame spread with gas step obstacle is performed. The hot fluids flow inside the channel to carry out the convection heat to the initial cold oils on the opposite of the gas step obstacle. The flame configuration is blocked behind the step obstacle. The flame spread behaviors including flame morphology, inhibition time, and air entrainment are characterized and analyzed. The heat flows of flame radiation and liquid‐phase convection are theoretically calculated, and the primary heat transfer mechanism is determined. This work is helpful for the development of fire safety technology and the establishment of standard specifications for oil transportation.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of ethanol vapor explosion and prediction based on chemical kinetics under high temperature and pressure 高温高压下乙醇蒸汽爆炸研究及基于化学动力学的预测

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12566

Yingquan Qi, Li Ding, Yong Pan, Jingran Liu, Supan Wang

{"title":"Study of ethanol vapor explosion and prediction based on chemical kinetics under high temperature and pressure","authors":"Yingquan Qi, Li Ding, Yong Pan, Jingran Liu, Supan Wang","doi":"10.1002/prs.12566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12566","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the explosion parameters of ethanol–air mixture at high pressure and temperature is essential for the safe production of ethanol. However, the explosion characteristics of ethanol vapor at various pressures and temperatures are limited. The mechanism at the flammability limits of ethanol has not been clarified, and the corresponding prediction model is also lacking. In this study, chemical kinetics and machine learning are used to study the mechanism of ethanol explosion and build predictive models, respectively. Our findings show that an increase in the initial pressure has a more pronounced influence on the explosion pressure (Pex) and pressure rise rate (dp/dt) than an increase of temperature. The variation trend of the upper flammability limit (UFL) of ethanol is related to the different effects of temperature and pressure on OH radicals. H + O2<>OH + O and HO2 + CH3<>OH + CH3O had the greatest effect on the generation of OH radicals. The quantitative relationship between the H, O, and OH radicals and UFL was constructed by machine learning, providing a new research perspective for the prediction of the UFL of an inflammable fuel under different pressures and temperatures. The results of the study will provide theoretical and practical guidance for the prevention and control of explosions in the ethanol production process.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138823736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of machine learning methods for process safety assessments 机器学习方法在工艺安全评估中的应用

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12562

Tarek Bengherbia, Faisal A. Syed, Jenny Chew, Fathullah A. Khalid, Alex F. T. Goh, Kenza Chraibi, Mohammed Zainal Abdeen

{"title":"Application of machine learning methods for process safety assessments","authors":"Tarek Bengherbia, Faisal A. Syed, Jenny Chew, Fathullah A. Khalid, Alex F. T. Goh, Kenza Chraibi, Mohammed Zainal Abdeen","doi":"10.1002/prs.12562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12562","url":null,"abstract":"The accurate prediction of gas dispersion and the potential consequences of gas explosions hold a pivotal role in the assessment of explosion design loads for oil and gas processing facilities. This often involves the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, a widely adopted practice in the field. The extent of CFD simulations required depends on the specific characteristics and size of the facility. In many cases, a substantial number of simulations, often in the thousands, are needed to comprehensively assess the potential outcomes in the event of a hydrocarbon loss of containment. These simulations account for the complex three-dimensional nature of the facility, the surrounding environmental conditions, and the properties of the leaking hydrocarbon fluids. Although unquestionably invaluable, CFD simulations impose significant temporal constraints upon their execution and necessitate the allocation of substantial efforts and Central Processing Unit (CPU) time. In this paper we develop a neural model tailored specifically for the analysis of CFD gas dispersion and gas explosion scenarios. This model leverages the capabilities of machine learning algorithms to expedite the execution of these complex studies. The proposed neural network model has the advantage of being able to handle a wide range of scenarios in a fraction of time it takes to perform the CFD simulations, making it particularly useful for large-scale processes facilities. The accuracy of the predictions is remarkably high, providing a high level of confidence in the predictions of the flammable gas clouds sizes across various scenarios, as well as the resulting explosion overpressures.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138823720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computer-aided design of insect-repellent formulation with inherent safety assessment 计算机辅助设计具有内在安全性评估的驱虫配方

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12568

Maxwell Judd Lawrence, Rafeqah Raslan, Nur Shahidah Ab Aziz

{"title":"Computer-aided design of insect-repellent formulation with inherent safety assessment","authors":"Maxwell Judd Lawrence, Rafeqah Raslan, Nur Shahidah Ab Aziz","doi":"10.1002/prs.12568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12568","url":null,"abstract":"Insect repellents are one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of diseases such as dengue, malaria, and yellow fever. However, most insect repellents contain ingredients that pose a significant risk to consumers. Therefore, this research aims to design a safer and less harmful insect-repellent formulation based on the formulated product design methodology. Computer-aided molecular design (CAMD) methodology was employed to design an insect-repellent solvent that exhibits minimum safety and health risks. The safety and health hazards of all the selected ingredients were then assessed using an inherent safety and health index known as the Product Ingredient Safety and Health Index (PISHI). As a result, the proposed insect-repellent formulation with minimum safety and health risks may consist of picaridin, 1,5-pentanediol, and linalool. This research contributed to an inherently safer formulation design, where the identification and elimination of hazardous ingredients has been done at the early design stage. The safer and less harmful ingredients used in the insect-repellent formulation may reduce the significant risk to consumers.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138714712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk assessment of LNG bunkering vessel operation based on formal safety assessment method 基于正式安全评估方法的液化天然气加注船运营风险评估

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12561

Yunlong Wang, Zhiqiang Cha, Guopeng Liang, Xin Zhang, Kai Li, Guan Guan

{"title":"Risk assessment of LNG bunkering vessel operation based on formal safety assessment method","authors":"Yunlong Wang, Zhiqiang Cha, Guopeng Liang, Xin Zhang, Kai Li, Guan Guan","doi":"10.1002/prs.12561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12561","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) fuel-powered vessels, LNG bunkering vessels have become an important development direction of LNG bunkering technology for its advantages. However, the LNG bunkering vessel operation risk assessment is relatively few. Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) is a novel structured and systematic risk analysis method for Marine engineering, through the data analysis based on probability theory, people can foresee the risk before the accident and take measures to reduce the risk and avoid heavy loss. In this paper, the LNG bunkering vessel operation process is divided into four subprocesses: the loading process, the navigation process, the bunkering process, and the anchoring process. The FSA method is used to identify and evaluate the risks in each process, judge the negligible risk, reasonable and feasible low risk, unacceptable risk, and put forward corresponding safe measures to provide safety guarantees for the operation of LNG bunkering vessels. Through the standardized assessment steps of FSA, a risk model for the LNG bunkering vessel operation process is established, and reasonable suggestions and measures that can effectively control the risk of the LNG bunkering vessel operation process are proposed, the research results of this paper can provide important technical guidance and reference value for the safe operation of LNG bunkering vessel.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138568092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to “A gas detector planning method that considers the area and zone based on the range of influence of chemicals with high vapor pressure” 对 "根据高蒸汽压化学品的影响范围考虑区域和分区的气体探测器规划方法 "的更正

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12559

引用次数: 1

Development and application of process safety competency framework in agroindustry: A case study 农产品加工业工艺安全能力框架的开发与应用：案例研究

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12553

Daniela Revez, Gustavo Peron Mendes-Silva

{"title":"Development and application of process safety competency framework in agroindustry: A case study","authors":"Daniela Revez, Gustavo Peron Mendes-Silva","doi":"10.1002/prs.12553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12553","url":null,"abstract":"Events in industries have shown that a lack of process safety culture has an important contribution in driving the site to fail. The culture is composed of the values, competencies, and attitudes that drive the organization to success. Thus, competency is a core step in developing a proper foundation to implement process safety management (PSM). In the food industry, the competencies related to process safety are not as well developed as in other types of industries. Although the industry has several information and training programs on process safety, such information needs to be organized into a framework to better direct people and assure standardization and sustainment. This case study presents the proposal for a process safety competency framework with the goal to provide the knowledge and skills necessary for people at different levels in the organization to be successful in managing hazards. The competencies are defined in a way to make the contents assertive with the roles and levels of expertise also using the 70%, 20%, 10% methodology of learning and andragogy. As an initial result of this work, we could verify an increase in the leading process safety event registration, which shows an increase of awareness and culture.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138553210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk assessment of liquid ammonia tanks based on Bayesian network and Probit model 基于贝叶斯网络和 Probit 模型的液氨储罐风险评估

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12560

Cheng Zhang, Ziyun Wang, Xingbai Chen, Yue Xiang

{"title":"Risk assessment of liquid ammonia tanks based on Bayesian network and Probit model","authors":"Cheng Zhang, Ziyun Wang, Xingbai Chen, Yue Xiang","doi":"10.1002/prs.12560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12560","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a quantitative risk assessment method to predict the potential risks of liquid ammonia tanks. The method combines probabilistic prediction and consequence assessment: the former is predicted by Bayesian networks derived from bow‐tie mapping, in which the conditional probabilities are determined by analytic hierarchy process, the latter is calculated based on numerical simulation of accident consequences and Probit probability model. The application results show that the method can be used for quantitative risk assessment of liquid ammonia storage tank, and the Bayesian network model is efficient and stable, which can realize risk prediction, accident causes analysis and risk mitigation analysis. Human errors during production or maintenance and corrosion are the main causes of liquid ammonia leakage. Toxicity has the greatest effect on the risk of liquid ammonia tanks. Risk mitigation measures can significantly reduce individual risk and societal risk. The obtained results provide meaningful guidance for the prevention and risk mitigation strategies of liquid ammonia leakage accidents, so as to improve the safety level of liquid ammonia during storage.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138553505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementation of quantitative risk and cost–benefit analysis in an aging offshore facility 在老化海上设施中实施定量风险和成本效益分析

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12558

Khoir Lazuardi, Anggraini Ratih Kumaraningrum, Heri Hermansyah

{"title":"Implementation of quantitative risk and cost–benefit analysis in an aging offshore facility","authors":"Khoir Lazuardi, Anggraini Ratih Kumaraningrum, Heri Hermansyah","doi":"10.1002/prs.12558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12558","url":null,"abstract":"Riser shutdown valves (SDVs) are installed to isolate hydrocarbon through a subsea pipeline or to protect platforms and personnel from an unintended release of hydrocarbons. Unfortunately, the volume of gas leaking through the SDV is sometimes beyond the predetermined criteria. Therefore, a quantitative risk assessment is needed by conducting cost–benefit analysis (CBA). This is the methodology of this study. First, we carry out a frequency analysis to calculate the frequency of release from an isolatable section using an estimate of the release frequency, event tree analysis, and escalation from consequence modeling. Second, we study the consequences of modeling. Third, we carry out risk analysis and evaluation. Fourth, we do CBA calculation. Fifth, we consider the other perspectives. The results of this study can predict the possibility of riser SDV leakage in offshore facilities during the aging period and optimize operating and investment costs while maintaining safety to reduce the possibility of fire explosions. It poses a challenge because of the complexity of operational systems involving multiple potential contributors and multiple safety measures. The study results show that the probability of fire prediction at SDV with processing facilities increases from 8.10 × 10−09 to 7.93 × 10−05 for the worst case scenario. Case studies show that application of the CBA model can be used to optimize the allocation of safety investments.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138494091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural response for vented hydrogen-air deflagrations: Effects of volumetric blockage ratio 通风式氢气-空气爆燃的结构响应:体积堵塞比的影响

IF 1 4区工程技术

Process Safety Progress Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/prs.12555

Jingui Wang, Zhixing Liang, Jiacheng Lin, Hong Feng, Su Zhang

{"title":"Structural response for vented hydrogen-air deflagrations: Effects of volumetric blockage ratio","authors":"Jingui Wang, Zhixing Liang, Jiacheng Lin, Hong Feng, Su Zhang","doi":"10.1002/prs.12555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12555","url":null,"abstract":"The explosion venting experiments of hydrogen-air premixed gas were carried out in a 1-m3 cuboid container. The effects of the obstacles parallel to the vent on the structural response of the container during the explosion venting were investigated. The internal overpressure and acceleration of the vessel wall were captured by acceleration and pressure sensors, respectively. The time–frequency distributions of pressure and acceleration were obtained by a Short-Time Fast Fourier Transform. The effects of obstacles on the dynamic structure response were studied by analyzing the internal overpressure, vibration acceleration, and high-speed videos. With the increase of obstacles, the maximum overpressure and vessel vibration increased, and the maximum overpressure and maximum vibration acceleration appeared earlier. The vibration signals had two dominant frequencies, 300-600 Hz and 900-1200 Hz. The low-frequency vibration (300–600 Hz) was induced by acoustic oscillation of the internal pressure. The high-frequency vibration (900–1200 Hz) was a container resonance triggered by the coupling of the flame and the acoustic wave. As VBR increased, the duration of high-frequency oscillations decreased gradually; the increase of obstacles would weaken the high-frequency structural response of the container. The results can guide the design of hydrogen explosion protection and mitigation measures.","PeriodicalId":20680,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138504705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0