Psychiatric Quarterly最新文献_第8页

Posttraumatic Growth in U.S. Military Veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. 美国退伍军人创伤后成长：退伍军人的国家健康和复原力研究结果。

IF 3.5 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10061-8

Hun Kang, Ian C Fischer, Samuel Dickinson, Peter J Na, Jack Tsai, Richard G Tedeschi, Robert H Pietrzak

{"title":"Posttraumatic Growth in U.S. Military Veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.","authors":"Hun Kang, Ian C Fischer, Samuel Dickinson, Peter J Na, Jack Tsai, Richard G Tedeschi, Robert H Pietrzak","doi":"10.1007/s11126-023-10061-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11126-023-10061-8","url":null,"abstract":"Despite increasing recognition that positive psychological changes or posttraumatic growth (PTG) may develop after highly stressful or traumatic events, contemporary population-based data on the epidemiology of PTG in high-risk samples such as U.S. military veterans are lacking. Additionally, in light of emerging evidence suggesting an 8-factor model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, an up-to-date characterization of how these symptom clusters relate to PTG can help inform efforts to help promote PTG. Data were analyzed from the 2019-2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS), which surveyed a nationally representative sample of 3,847 trauma-exposed U.S. veterans. Participants completed assessments of potentially traumatic events, PTSD symptoms, and PTG, as well as a broad range of sociodemographic, military, trauma, health, personality, and psychosocial characteristics. Results revealed that 63.2% of trauma-exposed veterans and 86.4% of veterans who screened positive for PTSD endorsed moderate-or-greater PTG; these prevalences are higher than those reported in an independent U.S. veteran sample in 2011 (50.1% and 72.0%, respectively). An inverted U-shaped association was observed between PTSD symptom severity and PTG levels, with scores of 31 to 51 on the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 associated with the highest likelihood of PTG. Intrinsic religiosity and internally- and externally-generated intrusive symptoms of PTSD were identified as the strongest correlates of PTG. Results suggest that prevention and treatment efforts to mitigate severe PTSD symptoms, and help promote intrinsic religiosity, and more deliberate and organized rumination about traumatic experiences may help foster PTG in veterans.","PeriodicalId":20658,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"17-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71485263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Application of the Metacognitive Model of Desire Thinking and Craving in Problematic Social Networking Sites Use. 欲望思维和渴望的元认知模型在有问题的社交网站使用中的应用。

IF 3.5 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10059-2

Sara Bocci Benucci, Benedetta Tonini, Giulia Roffo, Silvia Casale, Giulia Fioravanti

{"title":"The Application of the Metacognitive Model of Desire Thinking and Craving in Problematic Social Networking Sites Use.","authors":"Sara Bocci Benucci, Benedetta Tonini, Giulia Roffo, Silvia Casale, Giulia Fioravanti","doi":"10.1007/s11126-023-10059-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11126-023-10059-2","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive models of addictive behaviours have highlighted the central role of Desire Thinking (DT) - a conscious and voluntary cognitive process orienting to prefigure images and information about a positive target-related experience - in increasing craving and maintaining addictive behaviors. The metacognitive model of DT and craving posits that metacognition plays a central role in understanding dysregulation in DT. The current study aims to test the role of metacognitions about DT, DT, and craving in the relationship between Fear of Missing Out (FoMo), boredom proneness, negative emotional reactivity and Problematic Social Network Sites Use (PSNSU). A sample of 529 participants (Mage= 32.45 ± 13.33; F = 62.9%) completed an online survey. The hypothesised model produced an adequate fit to the data and accounted for 86% of PSNSU variance. FoMO predicted positive metacognitions about DT (PMDT), which predicted DT that, in association with craving, predicted PSNSU. Boredom proneness positively predicted PSNSU directly and indirectly through the serial mediation of PMDT, DT, and craving. A direct path between negative emotional reactivity and PSNSU was found. The current findings provide preliminary evidence for applying the metacognitive model of DT and craving in PSNSU. PMDT and DT may be central cognitive processes in craving and PSNSU for individuals who experience boredom proneness and FoMo.","PeriodicalId":20658,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10902051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49681621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Sensory Profiles, Eating Behaviors, and Quality of Life of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder 自闭症谱系障碍和回避/限制性食物摄入障碍儿童的感官特征、饮食行为和生活质量

IF 3.5 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10063-6

Reyhan Calisan Kinter, Burcu Ozbaran, Ipek Inal Kaleli, Sezen Kose, Tezan Bildik, Mohammad Ghaziuddin

{"title":"The Sensory Profiles, Eating Behaviors, and Quality of Life of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder","authors":"Reyhan Calisan Kinter, Burcu Ozbaran, Ipek Inal Kaleli, Sezen Kose, Tezan Bildik, Mohammad Ghaziuddin","doi":"10.1007/s11126-023-10063-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-023-10063-6","url":null,"abstract":"Eating disorders frequently accompany autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One such novel eating disorder is avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). This study compares the eating attitudes, quality of life, and sensory processing of typically developing children (TDC), autistic children, and autistic children with ARFID. A total of 111 children aged 4–10 with a diagnosis of ASD and ARFID (n = 37), ASD without ARFID (n = 37), and typical development (n = 37) were recruited. After an interview in which Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was administered, Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and Sensory Profile (SP) were completed by caregivers. Autistic children with ARFID had higher scores in CEBQ subscales relating to low appetite and lower scores on the subscales associated with weight gain. Both groups of autistic children scored lower than TDC on all PedsQL subscales and autistic children with ARFID had lower social QL scores than both groups. SRS scores were highest in autistic children with ARFID, followed by autistic and typically developing children. CARS scores were similar in both groups of autistic children, but higher than TDC. Auditory, vision, touch, multi-sensory, oral processing scores; as well as all quadrant scores, were significantly lower in autistic children with ARFID. Oral sensory processing scores were found to be the most significant predictor of ARFID comorbidity in ASD and reliably predicted ARFID in autistic children in the clinical setting. Autistic children with ARFID demonstrate differences in social functioning, sensory processing, eating attitudes, and quality of life compared to autistic and TD children.","PeriodicalId":20658,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Quarterly","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138631205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Canadian Adults: to what Extent Might Social Support Subdomains and Negative Social Interactions Predict Psychological Distress? 加拿大成年人的广泛性焦虑症：社会支持子域和负面社会互动在多大程度上可以预测心理困扰？

IF 3.5 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10055-6

Ken Fowler

{"title":"Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Canadian Adults: to what Extent Might Social Support Subdomains and Negative Social Interactions Predict Psychological Distress?","authors":"Ken Fowler","doi":"10.1007/s11126-023-10055-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11126-023-10055-6","url":null,"abstract":"Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) may involve persistent and unwarranted anxiety, fear, and rumination, combined with various somatic symptoms (e.g., fatigue, dizziness, muscle tension, and nausea) which may compel many to withdraw socially. While studies report an inverse relationship between social support and psychological distress among adults with GAD, those that assess the distinct influence of negative social relations, particularly by sex are limited. The primary aims of this study were to (a) assess and compare respondents with a lifetime of GAD in terms of levels of perceived social support (using the Social Provisions Scale - 10 Items (SPS-10) Scale), negative social interactions (using the Negative Social Interaction (NSI) Scale) and psychological distress (using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)), and (b) determine whether SPS-10 subdomains and NSIs predict psychological distress. Compared with a matched sample without GAD, respondents with GAD were more likely to be single, divorced, and have lower incomes. Respondents with GAD also had lower overall SPS-10 scores, and lower scores for each subdomain (i.e., 'guidance', 'reliable alliance', 'reassurance of worth', 'attachment', and 'social integration'), and higher NSI and K10 scores. Although no difference in psychological distress was observed between men and women with GAD, men had lower SPS-10 scores (overall and for each subdomain), while women had higher NSIs scores. A subsequent hierarchical regression for respondents with GAD revealed that 'social integration' and 'reassurance of worth' predicted lower psychological distress, while higher NSI scores predicted higher psychological distress. Finding implications and future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":20658,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"655-673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41148289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: The Causal Role of Lockdowns in COVID‑19: Conclusions from Daily Epidemiological, Psychological, and Sociological Data. 更正:封锁在COVID - 19中的因果作用:来自日常流行病学、心理学和社会学数据的结论。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10048-5

Noa Vardi, Teddy Lazebnik

引用次数: 0

The Relationship Between Serious Mental Illness and Criminal Offending in Persons Experiencing Homelessness: The Role of Substance Use Disorder. 无家可归者的严重精神疾病与犯罪之间的关系：物质使用障碍的作用。

IF 3.5 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10054-7

Pallavi Nishith, Jin Huang, Jack Tsai, Gary A Morse, Nathaniel A Dell, Allison Murphy, Kim T Mueser

{"title":"The Relationship Between Serious Mental Illness and Criminal Offending in Persons Experiencing Homelessness: The Role of Substance Use Disorder.","authors":"Pallavi Nishith, Jin Huang, Jack Tsai, Gary A Morse, Nathaniel A Dell, Allison Murphy, Kim T Mueser","doi":"10.1007/s11126-023-10054-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11126-023-10054-7","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals who live with mental illness are encumbered by related risk factors that increase the probability of legal involvement. The goal was to determine how homelessness and substance use disorder are intervening factors in the relationship between symptoms of serious mental illness (SMI) and criminal offending. A sample of 210 chronically homeless adults receiving SAMHSA-funded outreach and psychiatric rehabilitation services between 2014 and 2016 was recruited in a study of interventions to address housing in homeless persons with a SMI. Participants were interviewed and data collected were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Statistical analysis showed that homelessness severity mediated the relationship between SMI symptom severity and criminal offenses committed in the past 30 days in participants with a substance use disorder but not in those with no substance use diagnosis. Results show that homelessness and substance use are important to address to possibly alter trajectories for criminal justice involvement.","PeriodicalId":20658,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"645-653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41149359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Contemporary Review of the Clubhouse Model of Psychosocial Rehabilitation: Past, Present, and Emerging Directions. 俱乐部心理社会康复模式的当代回顾：过去、现在和新兴方向。

IF 3.5 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10051-w

Liza M E Hinchey, Francesca M Pernice, Janay N Christian, Amber Michon, Kevin Rice

{"title":"A Contemporary Review of the Clubhouse Model of Psychosocial Rehabilitation: Past, Present, and Emerging Directions.","authors":"Liza M E Hinchey, Francesca M Pernice, Janay N Christian, Amber Michon, Kevin Rice","doi":"10.1007/s11126-023-10051-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11126-023-10051-w","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1940s, the Clubhouse model of psychosocial rehabilitation has evolved towards a comprehensive practice of social theory and intervention. Despite the model's cost effectiveness and observational evidence of its efficacy, empirical research remains lacking. The current narrative review examines studies from recent years (2015-2021), not to assess study rigor, but to identify trends in research aims, findings, and methodology, as well as specify future research directions. A narrative review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. Using the search term \"Clubhouse,\" 194 articles were identified in online databases. 38 met criteria for inclusion. Most studies were qualitative (60.5%) and few utilized experimental or quasi-experimental designs (7.9%). Narrative synthesis revealed research aims and outcome variables falling into six key areas: social integration and connectedness, quality of life (QOL), recovery outcomes, relational dynamics, policy, and virtual adaptations of the model. Findings indicate that recent Clubhouse-related research trends have primarily involved studies of social connectedness, QOL, recovery, relationships, and policy, as well as studies examining the value of the virtual Clubhouse in maintaining well-being. However, heterogeneity of methodologies and measures present a critical limitation to assessing results across studies. Options for increasing experimental methodologies in this area are reviewed. Recommended future directions involve moving towards a biopsychosocial approach to clarifying the mechanisms through which the model promotes recovery-aims that may yield implications beyond the realm of serious mental illness.","PeriodicalId":20658,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"569-604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41110915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feasibility and Efficacy of Intensive Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training in An Outpatient Setting for A Group of Patients with Extensive Care Needs - A Transdiagnostic Approach. 在门诊环境中为一群有广泛护理需求的患者进行强化辩证行为治疗技能培训的可行性和有效性——一种跨诊断方法。

IF 3.5 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10052-9

Christina Bertholds Felix, Peter Sand

{"title":"Feasibility and Efficacy of Intensive Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training in An Outpatient Setting for A Group of Patients with Extensive Care Needs - A Transdiagnostic Approach.","authors":"Christina Bertholds Felix, Peter Sand","doi":"10.1007/s11126-023-10052-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11126-023-10052-9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a treatment originally developed för chronically suicidal adults. It is common to adapt it by using one specific component, the DBT skills training (DBT-ST) and apply it in a group therapy setting for a variety of mental disorders. The primary aim of the study was to explore whether patients with extended care needs would report improved mental health after participating in an intensive form of DBT-ST. The secondary aim was to explore whether the use of psychiatric inpatient care for the group would decrease.Methods: Thirty-seven participants completed the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation - Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), and visual analogue scale (VAS) at three time points: pre-intervention, post-intervention and at 6-month follow-up after intensive DBT-ST.Results: One-way ANOVA showed a significant effect for time on the CORE-OM: F (2,35) = 7.93, p = .001, η2 = 0.312 (large effect size). Post hoc tests indicated a significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention (p = .001) and between pre-intervention and follow-up (p = .01). A Friedman test indicated a statistically significant difference in the VAS scale scores across the three time points, with p-values between 0.00 and 0.05. There was no difference in psychiatric healthcare consumption.Conclusion: These study results confirm to some extent the feasibility and effectiveness of the intensive DBT-ST in a transdiagnostic clinical setting. The participants had a positive outcome from the skills training program, but psychiatric healthcare consumption did not decrease.","PeriodicalId":20658,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"691-704"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41145914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mapping Violent Behaviors and Psychiatric Symptoms Among Male Psychiatric Inpatients from a Network Perspective. 从网络角度绘制男性精神病住院患者的暴力行为和精神症状图。

IF 3.5 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10056-5

Wen Li, Yusheng Tian, Chen Chen, Haozhe Li, Hui Chen, Jiali Liu, Xianliang Chen, Huajia Tang, Jiawei Zhou, Shujian Wang, Xiaoping Wang, Weixiong Cai, Jiansong Zhou

{"title":"Mapping Violent Behaviors and Psychiatric Symptoms Among Male Psychiatric Inpatients from a Network Perspective.","authors":"Wen Li, Yusheng Tian, Chen Chen, Haozhe Li, Hui Chen, Jiali Liu, Xianliang Chen, Huajia Tang, Jiawei Zhou, Shujian Wang, Xiaoping Wang, Weixiong Cai, Jiansong Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11126-023-10056-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11126-023-10056-5","url":null,"abstract":"Psychiatric symptoms are common risk factors of violent behaviors among psychiatric patients. This study explored the interrelationship between violence and psychiatric symptoms in male psychiatric inpatients. This is a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2019. All patients admitted to the Male Psychiatry Unit of the Second Xiangya Hospital were consecutively recruited. The presence of five violent behaviors and eleven psychiatric symptoms were collected by reviewing medical records and were included as categorical variable in the network analyses. A total of 673 participants were included. The most central symptoms were \"flight of ideas\", \"property-oriented violence\", \"emotional high\", \"verbal violence\", \"physical violence attempt\", and \"physical violence\" in the network of psychiatric symptoms and violent behaviors. The bridge symptoms connecting violence and psychiatric symptoms were \"verbal violence\", \"property-oriented violence\", \"hyperbulia\", and \"emotional high\" according to the indices of bridge expected influence. The directed acyclic graph analysis revealed that \"emotional high\" and \"hyperbulia\" were the key psychiatric symptoms triggering violence, while \"verbal violence\" and \"property-oriented violence\" were the most upstream violent behavior. Verbal and property-oriented violence should be addressed in the risk assessment among male psychiatric inpatients. In addition, emotional high and hyperbulia are the potential treatment targets for violent behaviors.","PeriodicalId":20658,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"705-719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41210684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is Cognitive Reserve a Determinant of Functional and Mental Health in Older People of the Sardinian Blue Zone? A Mediational Approach. 认知储备是撒丁岛蓝区老年人功能和心理健康的决定因素吗?一种冥想方法。

IF 3.5 4区医学

Psychiatric Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10047-6

Maria Chiara Fastame, Benedetta Brandas, Massimiliano Pau

{"title":"Is Cognitive Reserve a Determinant of Functional and Mental Health in Older People of the Sardinian Blue Zone? A Mediational Approach.","authors":"Maria Chiara Fastame, Benedetta Brandas, Massimiliano Pau","doi":"10.1007/s11126-023-10047-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11126-023-10047-6","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of cognitive reserve in the relationship between functional health (expressed through the amount and intensity of performed physical activity objectively assessed using wearable accelerometers) and psychological well-being (i.e., assessed in terms of self-reported depressive signs) of older people living in an area of exceptional longevity, the so-called Sardinian Blue Zone. A further goal was to investigate the impact of gender on the cognitive reserve and physical health of our participants, using global cognitive functioning as a covariate. A battery of tests assessing motor efficiency, cognitive reserve, global cognitive functioning, and self-reported depressive symptoms was individually presented to 120 community dwellers (Mage = 82 years, SD = 8.4 years) of the Sardinian Blue Zone. Significant associations were found between cognitive reserve, motor efficiency, and self-reported depressive signs. Moreover, three mediation analyses documented that distinct indexes of cognitive reserve and motor efficiency explain 27.2-31% of the variance in the self-reported depression condition. Following this, it was also found that people with scarce cognitive reserve tended to exhibit significant signs of depression and showed worse motor abilities. In addition, after controlling for the effect of global cognitive functioning, motor efficiency, and cognitive reserve were generally more preserved in males than in females. Overall, these findings suggest that cognitive reserve is a compensatory resource that contributes significantly to the enhancement of health-related quality of life in the last decades of life.","PeriodicalId":20658,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":"617-632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10467707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0