Production and Operations Management最新文献

{"title":"EXPRESS: Intertemporal Price Competition in the Two-Sided Market: Reexamining the Seesaw Principle for Startup Platforms","authors":"Yifan Dou, Xiaoyang Zhang, D.J. Wu","doi":"10.1177/10591478241245143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241245143","url":null,"abstract":"Pricing represents a crucial element in the platform business model search, particularly for startups that face the “cold-start” problem in launching a two-sided marketplace. In a static setting, literature recommends the “seesaw principle” (i.e., charging a relatively low price, even subsidizing, on one side and a high price on the other) as the solution. However, little is known about whether the seesaw principle still works in a dynamic setting and how it is influenced by intertemporal factors like retention capabilities and early-period financial pressure. This paper develops a game-theoretic model to examine optimal pricing strategies in a multi-period setting. We first show that, in the symmetric scenario, the adjustment to the seesaw principle (i.e., the difference between the single- and multi-period price gaps) increases with the platforms’ retention rate. This insight holds true in the asymmetric case where a startup platform faces greater early-period financial pressure than an established competitor. Interestingly, the startup platform should charge a higher price to the less profitable side to differentiate itself and avoid a price war. We also explore the robustness of these insights by considering an endogenous, price-sensitive retention rate.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Leveraging Digital Technology to Improve Monitoring and Planning in Public Sector Supply Chains: Evidence from India’s Food Security Program","authors":"Maya Ganesh, Sarang Deo, Sripad K. Devalkar","doi":"10.1177/10591478241242119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241242119","url":null,"abstract":"Governments across the developing world are adopting digital technologies to improve performance of public sector supply chains. However, empirical evidence regarding the impact of these technologies on performance is mixed. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of using Biometric Authentication (BA) devices on the performance of India’s food security program. The program aims to deliver subsidized food grains to nearly 160 million low-income households through approximately 500,000 Fair Price Shops (FPSs). Nearly half of those grains do not reach the beneficiaries and are diverted to the open market for private benefit. We estimate the impact of installing BA devices on reducing diversion in more than 3,300 FPSs in the Indian state of Karnataka between 2013 and 2015 using a difference-in-differences approach. We find that BA devices reduce up to 4% of the current diversion at the last mile. We argue that this relatively low impact is due to the presence of a workaround mechanism which results in imperfect monitoring and validate the decrease in diversion mechanism by estimating differential impact of BA devices. We complement the empirical analysis with a simulation exercise to estimate additional value that can be unlocked by using the BA devices. We find that the value of better replenishment planning using sales and inventory information captured by BA devices can be significant. The value of better planning can be as high as six times the value from reduction in diversion, depending on the pre-intervention levels of demand from genuine beneficiaries and diversion at the FPSs.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Swimming with the Shark: the Effects of Platform Price Promotion and In-Platform Advertising on Third-Party Retailer Performance in Hybrid Online Retailing","authors":"Haoyan Sun, Eric (Er) Fang, Beibei Dong, Xiaoling Li","doi":"10.1177/10591478241243385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241243385","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid retailing is an emerging business model that melds traditional reselling with the newer platform approach. A platform owner resells directly to consumers (the reselling model) and also allows third-party retailers (TPRs) to sell on the platform for a commission (the platform model). Given the integral role of TPRs in the hybrid retailing ecosystem, research is imperative to understand how the strategic actions of the platform owner could affect the performance and activities of TPRs. Using a longitudinal dataset of an online platform that adopts a hybrid-retailing structure, the research proposes that the platform owner’s strategies, specifically price promotion and in-platform advertising, can affect TPR sales performance directly (through positive spillover effects and negative crowding-out effects) and indirectly (by prompting TPRs to respond with their price promotion and in-platform advertising). Further, such direct and indirect effects depend on TPR size. The findings indicate significant direct effects: the platform owner’s price promotion has a positive spillover effect on TPR sales, and more so for larger TPRs; the platform owner’s in-platform advertising has a negative crowding-out effect on TPR sales and more so for smaller TPRs. The paper also reports indirect effects: TPRs tend to use price promotion to respond to both strategies of the platform owner, and TPR’s price promotion also has positive consequences for TPR sales, and the effects are stronger for larger TPRs. Given the unique coopetition relationship between the platform owner and TPRs in the hybrid retailing context, this research provides firsthand empirical evidence that the platform owner’s strategies can significantly affect TPR performance through direct and indirect effects, shows larger TPRs benefit the most from the platform owner’s price promotion, while smaller TPRs suffer the most from the platform owner’s in-platform advertising, and TPRs favor price promotion regardless what strategies the platform owner uses. These results indicate that both platform owners and policymakers should consider the differential implications for TPRs of different sizes in terms of the social welfare of the platform ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140227212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Predictably Unpredictable? How Judgmental and Machine Learning Forecasts Complement Each Other","authors":"Devadrita Nair, Arnd Huchzermeier","doi":"10.1177/10591478241245138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241245138","url":null,"abstract":"Demand forecasting for seasonal products becomes especially challenging in the case of fast innovations, where the product portfolio is upgraded every season. In addition to the problem of forecasting demand without any historical data, companies also have to deal with frequent stockouts, which bias past sales and provide an unreliable anchor for making new forecasts. We show how one can use machine learning models to leverage information on comparable products from the past together with experts' forecasts to improve forecasting accuracy. A machine learning forecast using only statistical features results in a forecast error reduction of 24%, measured by WMAPE, compared to a purely judgmental prediction on data from Canyon Bicycles. Better yet, an integrated human-machine forecast leads to a further 14% reduction in forecast error, indicating that experts' predictions remain essential for forecasting demand for rapidly innovating seasonal products. The combination of the experts' knowledge of the future and the machine learning algorithms' ability to leverage historical information works best in this setting.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140224495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: No Country for Young Refugees: Barriers and Opportunities for Inclusive Refugee Education Practices","authors":"Sebnem Manolya Demir, F. Sahinyazan, B. Kara, Elfe Buluc","doi":"10.1177/10591478241243382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241243382","url":null,"abstract":"The recent refugee crises in Ukraine (2022) and Syria (2011) have created millions of refugees, 40% of whom are children. The education systems of countries hosting refugees struggle to integrate such large populations. In addition, language barriers and the stigma associated with refugees hamper inclusive and equitable education opportunities for these children. There is thus a risk of “lost generations” distanced from education, who may eventually depend on social security systems and monetary aid in the long term. This study considers the following research question: How can a host country improve the inclusion of refugee children in the education system without overburdening its infrastructure? First, we document the availability and accessibility challenges and opportunities that refugee children face during the Syrian refugee crisis. We then develop an inclusive planning strategy aligned with existing capacity and resources and formulate two adaptations of the Maximum Covering Problem (MCP): Cooperative Capacitated MCP with Heterogeneity Constraints (CCMCP-HC) to improve the current schooling access in Türkiye and Modular CCMCP-HC to guide early planning in the case of a future crisis. Our computational analyses illustrate that the proposed approach yields higher schooling rates and capacity utilization than existing approaches. Our results emphasize the importance of having a planning strategy in the initial phases of a crisis that considers future integration possibilities. This study analyzes Türkiye’s experience and lessons learned to provide a road map for other ongoing and future refugee crises.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140226198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Hiding behind Complexity: Supply Chain, Oversight, Race, and the Opioid Crisis","authors":"Iman Attari, Jonathan E. Helm, Jorge Mejia","doi":"10.1177/10591478241242126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241242126","url":null,"abstract":"The opioid crisis has ravaged the United States, taking 69,000 lives in 2020, with prescription opioids accounting for 98% of opioid abuse. Although this epidemic is often considered a White public health crisis nationally, overdose deaths among people of color doubled from 2017–2019. As research has shown that the crisis was fueled by excessive supply from the pharmaceutical industry, several individual firms have received significant public criticism. However, we find evidence that the scope of the blame transcends individual actors to indict the very structure of complex supply chains, which may have exacerbated the crisis by dispensing significantly more opioids. In specific, we posit that supply chain complexity allowed mass quantities of opioids to escape detection by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). Further, we find new evidence showing the greater impact of complexity on opioid dispensing in non-White communities, which underscores their exclusion from the public discourse and governmental response surrounding the crisis and suggests possible racial bias in the DEA’s regulatory policies. Our analysis was made possible by the 2019 release of the DEA’s ARCOS database, which logged every shipment in the US opioid supply chain from 2006–2014. Using a fixed effects model, we find that a one-unit increase across three dimensions of supply chain complexity is associated with a 16% increase in opioid dispensing. This effect is intensified in non-White communities, where a 10% increase in the non-White population is associated with a 3.39% (1.33%) increase in opioid dispensing by pharmacies that have supply chains with high (average) complexity. To verify that high-complexity pharmacies’ excess dispensing supplied non-medical/recreational demand, we exploit the reformulation of OxyContin (designed to prevent recreational use) as an exogenous shock to the market. In a novel approach, we leverage the fact that different pharmacies received their first shipment of reformulated OxyContin at different times and use a difference-in-differences model to estimate the heterogeneous effect of the shock on dispensing. As the reformulated OxyContin stifled demand, high-complexity pharmacies experienced a 15.31% greater reduction in dispensing compared to lower-complexity pharmacies, suggesting that their excess dispensing was indeed satisfying non-medical/recreational demand.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140224665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Strategy Typology and Cost Structure: a Textual Analysis Approach","authors":"R. Banker, Rong Huang, Xiaorong Li, Yan Yan","doi":"10.1177/10591478241245144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241245144","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of firms’ strategic positioning on cost structure. Using textual analysis based on 10-K filings, we capture business strategy along three dimensions: product leadership, customer intimacy, and operational excellence. Firms pursuing the product leadership strategy emphasize innovation and confront high congestion risk caused by rapid growth. We find that these firms display a more rigid cost structure by incurring higher strategic fixed investments in R&D and choosing higher committed capacity to reduce congestion risk. We also document that firms following the other two strategies on average exhibit a less rigid cost structure. This is possibly because customer-intimate firms tend to invest in specialized resources in small chunks and take on-demand inputs to tailor offerings, while operational-excellence firms may adopt real options and flexible models to achieve production efficiency and mitigate default risk. Our results are robust to using a difference-in-difference approach based on a quasi-natural shock caused by the Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine adoption and a change analysis based on firms’ internal strategic shifts. Our findings suggest that organizational strategy has a significant impact on firms’ resource commitments and capacity choices.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140225406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Persuading Skeptics and Fans in the Presence of Additional Information","authors":"Tamer Boyacı, Soudipta Chakraborty, Huseyin Gurkan","doi":"10.1177/10591478241239931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241239931","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the information design problem of a demand-maximizing firm launching a product of unknown quality to a market consisting of customers who have heterogeneous prior beliefs about quality. The firm publicly discloses information about quality to all customers. These customers can subsequently opt to acquire additional information about the product at a cost from sources beyond the firm's control. Our study is motivated by the common practice of firms conducting public pilot tests or soliciting reviews from opinion leaders before launching a new product to inform potential customers about its quality. To analyze this problem, we construct a game-theoretic model of Bayesian persuasion between the firm and its customers. We characterize the firm's optimal information policy and show that it can range from fully disclosing quality to exaggerating or downplaying quality to not disclosing quality at all depending on market characteristics. We delineate the impact of market heterogeneity and access to additional information on the optimal information disclosure policy of the firm. Our analysis provides managerial guidance for firms in designing information provision strategies and operationalizing them for different market characteristics.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: The State of Supplier Diversity Initiatives for Large Corporations: the New Sustainable Supply Chain?","authors":"Gemma Berenguer, Natalia Costas Lorenzo, Anna Sáez de Tejada Cuenca","doi":"10.1177/10591478241240123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241240123","url":null,"abstract":"We describe the state of supplier diversity efforts by large corporations from an international perspective. We examine data for the companies in the 2020 and 2022 Fortune Global 500 and find that corporate definitions of diversity are dynamic and vary across regions. Further, while supplier diversity efforts are not yet widespread, these initiatives are increasingly common, especially in the form of references to diversity in companies’ supplier codes of conduct. Companies in North America and in certain economic sectors, such as the financial and healthcare sectors, are more likely to have such efforts in place. Based on our data, companies that report on their internal diversity and companies that have other forms of supplier sustainability initiatives are also more likely to have supplier diversity initiatives. We argue further that supplier diversity efforts will follow a trajectory similar to other supplier sustainability efforts. Finally, we suggest possible avenues for future research on supplier diversity.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Retail Platform Analytics: Practice, Literature, and Future Research","authors":"Meng Li, Taoying Li, Lili Yu","doi":"10.1177/10591478241238972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10591478241238972","url":null,"abstract":"The explosive growth of retail platforms over the past decade has resulted in a significant amount of customer and seller data that can be leveraged for advanced business analytics. As a result, the management of retail platforms with business analytics capabilities has garnered increased attention in the field of operations management. Despite the recognition of the importance of business analytics techniques for retail platforms, a systematic study of their operations is lacking in the literature. Based on our observations of the industrial practice and understanding of the academic literature, we attempt to address this gap by proposing a framework that broadly categorizes retail platform management into three key themes: demand-side management, supply-side management, and matching. For each theme, we identify critical topics, discuss the current practices of platforms, and review relevant literature. We also propose future research questions with directions for the initial modeling and solution strategy, together with applicable data sources and potential insights. At last, to facilitate future research, we provide a roadmap and datasets for further exploration of business analytics applications of retail platforms. Overall, this paper lays a strong foundation for researchers to delve deeper into the exciting and constantly evolving field of retail platform analytics.","PeriodicalId":20623,"journal":{"name":"Production and Operations Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140263678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}