Physiologia Bohemoslovaca最新文献_第4页

Volume-dependent regulation of cation transport and polyphosphoinositide metabolism in human and rat erythrocytes: features revealed in primary hypertension. 人和大鼠红细胞中阳离子转运和多磷酸肌醇代谢的体积依赖性调节:原发性高血压的特征。

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca Pub Date : 1990-01-01

S N Orlov, N I Pokudin, P V Gulak, Postnov YuV

{"title":"Volume-dependent regulation of cation transport and polyphosphoinositide metabolism in human and rat erythrocytes: features revealed in primary hypertension.","authors":"S N Orlov, N I Pokudin, P V Gulak, Postnov YuV","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The rate of delta mu H+ --induced erythrocyte Na+/H+ exchange is increased in both patients with essential hypertension (EH) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The increase of Na+,K(+)-cotransport was revealed in erythrocytes of SHR only. This alteration as well as a decrease of mean cell volume were observed in both young and old erythrocytes of SHR. The moderate shrinkage of rat (but not human) erythrocytes results in an increase of the rate of Na+,K(+)-cotransport. The more pronounced shrinkage of rat (but not human) erythrocytes induces the Na+/H+ exchange. These reactions are accompanied by phosphoinositide response. Activator of protein kinase C (TPA) increases delta mu H+ --induced Na+/H+ exchange both in human and rat erythrocytes but it does not modify phosphoinositide metabolism. No differences were observed in the rate of Na+/H+ exchange between TPA-treated erythrocytes of SHR and WKY. We assume that the activation of protein kinase C increases Na+/H+ exchange in primary hypertension. Increased Na+/H(+)-cotransport revealed in an experimental model of primary hypertension is probably due to the decrease of erythrocyte volume.","PeriodicalId":20547,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia Bohemoslovaca","volume":"39 1","pages":"15-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13318528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proportion of individual fatty acids in the non-esterified (free) fatty acid (FFA) fraction in the serum of laboratory rats of different ages. 不同年龄实验室大鼠血清非酯化(游离)脂肪酸(FFA)部分中单个脂肪酸的比例。

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca Pub Date : 1990-01-01

L Smídová, J Base, J Mourek, I Cechová

{"title":"Proportion of individual fatty acids in the non-esterified (free) fatty acid (FFA) fraction in the serum of laboratory rats of different ages.","authors":"L Smídová, J Base, J Mourek, I Cechová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In experiments on Wistar strain rats of both sexes, aged 5, 10 and 14 days and adult (90-120 days), of their own breed, the authors determined the quantitative proportion of individual fatty acids in the serum free non-esterified fatty acid (FFA) fraction, using mixed blood (obtained by decapitation) and the titration method of Trout et al. (1960). The proportion of the individual fatty acids was then determined in this fraction by gas chromatography (Base 1978) and their concentration (in mumol.1-1) was determined by simple calculation from the relative chromatogram data. Animals in the first three age groups were killed in the morning, directly from the nest; in adult rats the FFA fraction was measured after a 20 h fast. It was demonstrated that the increase in the proportion of monoenoic acids was highly statistically significant (about fivefold) during ontogenesis and that there was also a marked increase in the quantitative expression of polyenic acids, especially in group (n-6). The n-6/n-3 acid index in the FFA fraction altered during maturation (despite some fluctuation it basically rose from 4.3 in 5-day-old young to 10.0 in adult rats). It was further demonstrated that the concentration of fatty acids with a very short chain fell significantly during development, so that C 8:0, for example, could be detected only in the first two age groups, but not in 14-day-old and adult rats. The concentration of the saturated fatty acids C 15:0 to C 18:0 in the serum FFA fraction showed a statistically significant increase, while the index expressing the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids displayed a downward trend during development.","PeriodicalId":20547,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia Bohemoslovaca","volume":"39 2","pages":"125-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13298303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anticonvulsant effects of clonazepam on chemically induced convulsions. 氯硝西泮对化学诱发惊厥的抗惊厥作用。

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca Pub Date : 1990-01-01

H Kubová, T Bohuslav, P Mares

{"title":"Anticonvulsant effects of clonazepam on chemically induced convulsions.","authors":"H Kubová, T Bohuslav, P Mares","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The anticonvulsant effects of two doses of clonazepam (CZP, Rivotril Roche, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg i.p.) were studied on model motor seizures induced by strychnine, bicuculline, 3-mercaptopropionic acid and metrazol in male laboratory rats (Wistar strain). In the first part the effects of different doses of the convulsants were investigated and for interaction with CZP doses were chosen after which more than 70% of the animals displayed generalized tonic-clonic convulsions (a grand mal seizure). Strychnine induced this type of seizure only: two doses (2 and 3 mg/kg s.c.) were used. CZP reduced the incidence of convulsions only after the larger dose, but plain solvent (propylene glycol, ethanol, water) was equally effective. The other substances first induced a seizure of minimal (mainly clonic) convulsions and only later a grand mal seizure. CZP was highly effective against bicuculline (3 mg/kg s.c.) and metrazol (100 mg/kg s.c.), but was less so against 3-mercaptopropionic acid. The effect on grand mal seizures was more pronounced in every case than on minimal seizures. The decisive role in the anticonvulsant effect of CZP is played by the mechanisms by which the convulsants induce epileptic manifestations. CZP is most effective against substances acting on the supramolecular complex GABA receptor (benzodiazepine receptor) chloride ionophore (bicuculline and probably metrazol).","PeriodicalId":20547,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia Bohemoslovaca","volume":"39 5","pages":"459-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13304857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanical and electrical manifestations of the papillary muscles of verapamil-treated adult guinea-pigs under steady state conditions and after a pause. 维拉帕米处理的成年豚鼠乳头肌在稳态条件下和暂停后的机械和电表现。

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca Pub Date : 1990-01-01

P Fiala, P Pucelík, P Králícek, M Holická, R Hrdlicka

{"title":"Mechanical and electrical manifestations of the papillary muscles of verapamil-treated adult guinea-pigs under steady state conditions and after a pause.","authors":"P Fiala, P Pucelík, P Králícek, M Holická, R Hrdlicka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The authors studied the effect of verapamil in 10(-7) to 10(-4) mol.l-1 concentration on the duration of action potentials (AP) and the corresponding isometric contractions (MG) from the right ventricular papillary muscles of adult guinea-pigs. In the steady state, using stimulation frequencies of 0.1, 1 and 2 Hz, verapamil caused dose- and use-dependent shortening of the AP plateau phase (D0) in 10(-5) and 10(-4) mol.l-1 concentration; lower concentrations did not affect the D0. With all the given concentrations, the MG fell in relation to the dose and the stimulation frequency. The pause regimen was defined by the induction of a steady state at 1 Hz frequency, followed by the interpolation of a pause lasting 5 s to 600 s and its effect was studied on the first and second AP after the pause and on the corresponding MG, without any pharmacological treatment and in the presence of verapamil (10(-5) mol.l-1). In the absence of the drug, slight lengthening of the D0 and weakening of the MG, proportional to the length of the pause, occurred after the pause. In the presence of verapamil, the first post-rest contraction after a 10 s pause attained five-fold the value in the steady state, while the second post-rest contraction was much weaker than the first. The possibility that verapamil acts on intracellular links in calcium metabolism, and of disproportion of its effect on the D0 and on contractility when it is administered in low concentrations, is discussed. The most likely mechanism of this effect is the presence of a negative feedback between calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and membrane electrogenesis.","PeriodicalId":20547,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia Bohemoslovaca","volume":"39 4","pages":"315-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13305071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protein kinase C activity in erythrocytes in primary hypertension: regulation of cell shape and cation transport. 原发性高血压患者红细胞中的蛋白激酶C活性:细胞形状和阳离子运输的调节。

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca Pub Date : 1990-01-01

G M Kravtsov, N O Dulin, Postnov IYu, S N Orlov, N I Pokudin, Kotelevtsev YuV, Postnov YuV

引用次数: 0

Opioids and opioid receptors mediating antinociception at various levels of the neuraxis. 阿片和阿片受体在神经轴的不同水平上介导抗感觉。

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca Pub Date : 1990-01-01

A Herz, M J Millan

{"title":"Opioids and opioid receptors mediating antinociception at various levels of the neuraxis.","authors":"A Herz, M J Millan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"One of the central issues in present experimental pain research is to establish the identity, location, and mechanism of action of various opioids (opioid peptides and alkaloids) and multiple opioid receptors in the modulation of nociceptive processes. At the cerebral level, studies employing several experimental approaches point to an essential role of beta-endorphin in analgesia, induced by electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal grey of the midbrain. Tolerance and cross-tolerance studies suggest that mu-opioid receptors mediate this effect. The significance of delta- and, in particular, chi-opioid receptors in cerebral pain modulation is less well documented. At the spinal level, nociception is relayed in the dorsal horn, where opioid peptides as well as all types of opioid receptors are abundant. mu-opioid receptor-mediated antinociceptive processes appear to be most important in this region, but delta-opioid receptors may also be involved. In addition, a role of chi-opioid receptors can be demonstrated under certain conditions. Recent experiments indicate that opioids may also modulate nociception in the periphery, in particular in inflamed tissue. The identification of opioid receptors and their endogenous ligands, the opioid peptides, marked the beginning of a new era in pain research. The differentiation of several types of opioid receptors and the subsequent characterization of a series of opioid peptides illustrate the striking complexity of opioid systems. The implications of this multiplicity for neurobiology in general and for the understanding of pain mechanisms in particular are presently not fully understood. In this presentation some aspects of opioidergic pain control at various levels of the neuraxis will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":20547,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia Bohemoslovaca","volume":"39 5","pages":"395-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13123642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of essential fatty acids deficiency in milk diets on the development of germ-free and conventional rats. 乳日粮中必需脂肪酸缺乏对无菌和常规大鼠发育的影响。

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca Pub Date : 1990-01-01

R Stĕpánková, B Dvorák, J Sterzl, I Trebichavský

引用次数: 0

Effect of subcutaneous application of a single cadmium dose on oocyte maturation in vitro. 皮下注射单剂量镉对体外卵母细胞成熟的影响。

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca Pub Date : 1990-01-01

J Písa, J Cibulka, M Ptácek

引用次数: 0

Preferential accumulation of radioactivity in rat kidneys after the administration of 125I-labelled Fab antidigitalis antibodies. 125i标记的Fab抗洋地黄抗体在大鼠肾脏中的放射性优先积累。

Physiologia Bohemoslovaca Pub Date : 1990-01-01

V Schreiber, J Stëpán, J Srámková