Procedia CIRP最新文献_第9页

Localized defect frequencies for Laser Metal Deposition processes 激光金属沉积工艺的局部缺陷频率

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.128

Julian Ulrich Weber , Claus Emmelmann

{"title":"Localized defect frequencies for Laser Metal Deposition processes","authors":"Julian Ulrich Weber , Claus Emmelmann","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) uses laser energy and powder material to create structures on existing components. It is capable of producing cost-effective multi-material compositions, such as reinforcing metals with ceramic particles for improved wear resistance. However, the use of dissimilar materials often leads to defects, particularly delamination. Previous studies have found a connection between these defects and specific airborne acoustic emissions (AE).</p><p>To mitigate the impact of defects, extensive optimization of process parameters and real-time process monitoring are recommended. For AE, precise localization of defects is crucial besides to time- and frequency-resolved information, especially while producing multiple components on a substrate material.</p><p>This study evaluates multi-sensor arrays for the localization of delamination defects. The research investigates the influence of localization algorithms and array patterns on the accuracy and reliability of defect localization. Experiments were conducted on a test platform with simulated acoustical events to determine the most suitable localization setup.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages 331-334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827124004827/pdf?md5=97d382e9e8e7d8625dc9b321451c87d2&pid=1-s2.0-S2212827124004827-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative analysis of spatter formation in Laser Powder Bed Fusion: unraveling the impact of beam shaping and multi-beam processing 激光粉末床融合中飞溅物形成的定量分析：揭示光束整形和多光束加工的影响

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.136

Marvin Kippels , Tim Lantzsch , Constatin Leon Häfner

引用次数: 0

Optical strain measurements during pulsed laser beam welding to improve the understanding of hot crack formation of EN AW-6082 aluminum alloy 脉冲激光束焊接过程中的光学应变测量，以加深对 EN AW-6082 铝合金热裂纹形成的理解

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.151

Marc Seibold , Jannik Bender , Klaus Schricker , Jean Pierre Bergmann

{"title":"Optical strain measurements during pulsed laser beam welding to improve the understanding of hot crack formation of EN AW-6082 aluminum alloy","authors":"Marc Seibold , Jannik Bender , Klaus Schricker , Jean Pierre Bergmann","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>E-mobility turned in the last years to be an emerging market and one solution to fossil fuel free mobility for the future. E-mobility requires, compared to fossil-fueled mobility concepts, a huge amount of welding tasks, which have to guarantee different functionality, as for example high strength, ductility, but also low resistivity and tightness. Last is especially for housing or cases of aluminum in automotive challenging, as pores and cracks can occur. Pulsed laser welding presents, due to the adaptable heat input and the temporal modification of stress state and solidification conditions advantages for this type of applications. EN AW-6xxx group of aluminum alloys is mainly used for such components due to their favorable mechanical properties. However, these alloys are susceptible to hot cracking during solidification from the molten phase. This article aims to present a methodology for demonstrating the resulting strain during pulsed laser beam welding of hot crack susceptible aluminum alloys. It will highlight the influence of factors such as pulse shape, shielding gas, and flow rate on strain and strain rate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages 448-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827124005055/pdf?md5=6d96b790c667ab1dfa01211dca2ac042&pid=1-s2.0-S2212827124005055-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation on the surface and volume homogeneity of additive manufactured fused silica components in the Laser Glass Deposition process 激光玻璃沉积工艺中添加剂制造的熔融石英部件的表面和体积均匀性实验研究

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.116

Khodor Sleiman , Katharina Rettschlag , Peter Jäschke , Stefan Kaierle

{"title":"Experimental investigation on the surface and volume homogeneity of additive manufactured fused silica components in the Laser Glass Deposition process","authors":"Khodor Sleiman , Katharina Rettschlag , Peter Jäschke , Stefan Kaierle","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser Glass Deposition is an additive manufacturing method to produce individualized structural components out of glass. A CO<sub>2</sub> laser is utilized as a heat source to melt fused silica filaments and transform them into a formable viscous state. The fiber filament is fed laterally under a defined angle into the process zone. The viscous filament is deposited layer-by-layer using a 3-axis linear system with an integrated rotational axis. To investigate the surface and volume quality of the additively manufactured fused silica components, fully dense test specimens are analyzed in this paper. Quality characteristics such as surface roughness, formation of boundary layers and optical transparency constitute the focus of the investigations. Consequently, fully dense glass components with homogeneous volume structures without pores and boundary layers and a surface roughness of less than 30 nm were printed successfully.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages 275-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827124004700/pdf?md5=3d76233a7c7b8d046490a8779a369736&pid=1-s2.0-S2212827124004700-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CuNiSiCr alloy parametrization for defect-free DED-LB coating with conventional fibre laser 利用传统光纤激光器实现无缺陷 DED-LB 涂层的铜镍硅铬合金参数化

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.124

Oihane Murua , Sebastian Hartmann , Heinz-Ingo Schneider , Daniel Kormann , Jon Iñaki Arrizubieta , Aitzol Lamikiz

{"title":"CuNiSiCr alloy parametrization for defect-free DED-LB coating with conventional fibre laser","authors":"Oihane Murua , Sebastian Hartmann , Heinz-Ingo Schneider , Daniel Kormann , Jon Iñaki Arrizubieta , Aitzol Lamikiz","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copper alloys´ high thermal conductivity combined with the freeform capabilities of the additive manufacturing technologies, offer new opportunities in the design of aerospace components, such as thrust nozzles. However, the high reflectivity of copper alloys at the 1.076 µm wavelength range makes their manufacturing with conventional fibre lasers difficult. Therefore, an effective methodology for manufacturing CuNiSiCr-alloys with conventional fibre lasers is required.</p><p>For this purpose, the laser-based Directed Energy Deposition (DED-LB) process for depositing a CuNiSiCr-alloy is parametrized to ensure a defect-free operation of the final part. Through a design of experiments process, the optimum parameters are obtained and they are validated through the manufacturing of single clads and more complex geometries. During the tests, the melt-pool temperature and dimensions are monitored to increase the control over the manufacturing process and ensure process stability. Results show a high metallurgical integrity, which justifies the viability of fibre lasers to manufacture CuNiSiCr-alloys.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages 309-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827124004785/pdf?md5=11ce1b593a1b99ff974d34fccdec2434&pid=1-s2.0-S2212827124004785-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of laser defocusing on duplex stainless steels for higher scan speeds in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) 在激光粉末床熔融（PBF-LB/M）中提高扫描速度时激光散焦对双相不锈钢的影响

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.095

Florian Nahr , Dominic Bartels , Moritz Schäfle , Eckhard Kirchner , Michael Schmidt

{"title":"Effect of laser defocusing on duplex stainless steels for higher scan speeds in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M)","authors":"Florian Nahr , Dominic Bartels , Moritz Schäfle , Eckhard Kirchner , Michael Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Duplex stainless steels (DSS) employ a bi-modal microstructure consisting of equal parts ferrite and austenite. However, when processed via laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) the high cooling rates lead to a dominantly ferritic microstructure, thus making a post-process heat treatment necessary. This sparks the interest in accelerating the manufacturing time by increasing scan speeds. Defocusing of the laser beam offers the possibility to alter the melt pool morphology and thereby the melting mode. Therefore, this study presents the influence of the defocusing distance for PBF-LB/M manufactured DSS parts. The melt pool becomes shallower and wider as the defocus distance increases, but also has a more uniform shape at high scan speeds compared to the focused beam. Furthermore, defocusing of the laser beam results in denser parts at scan speeds of up to 1800 mm/s, potentially facilitating higher build rates. The duplex microstructure could be restored by a post process heat-treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages 182-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827124004499/pdf?md5=fdaeca3d47c816d1ee31602f75538bbc&pid=1-s2.0-S2212827124004499-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Melt flow complexity in multi-spot laser welding of asymmetric T-joints 不对称 T 形接头多点激光焊接中的熔体流动复杂性

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.102

Dorsa Motalebi, Alexander F.H. Kaplan

引用次数: 0

The effect of in-source spatial beam shaping on the laser welding of e-mobility metals and alloys 源内空间光束整形对电动汽车金属和合金激光焊接的影响

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.063

Francesco Galbusera , Giulio Borzoni , Simone D’Arcangelo , Leonardo Caprio , Barbara Previtali , Ali Gökhan Demir

{"title":"The effect of in-source spatial beam shaping on the laser welding of e-mobility metals and alloys","authors":"Francesco Galbusera , Giulio Borzoni , Simone D’Arcangelo , Leonardo Caprio , Barbara Previtali , Ali Gökhan Demir","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electromobility applications require several welded connections using demanding materials often in dissimilar combinations. Copper, aluminium, or steel alloys are laser welded for energy storage and traction related components. On the one hand, high power fiber laser sources provide in-source beam shaping solutions able to modify the irradiance profile towards ring-shaped beams. On the other hand, research focused on the effect of the beam shapes on the melting mechanisms and process quality is still in progress. This work studies the effect of different beam profiles on AISI301LN, AA6082 and pure Cu with a 5 kW fiber laser. Linear trends of power over penetration depth as a function of speed confirms the validity of employing the lumped heat capacity model for ring-shaped beams. Moreover, the specific melting fluence is observed to exhibit an exponential decaying trend with the proportion of power allocated in the fiber core, irrespective of tested material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages 20-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827124004177/pdf?md5=0c71327b51ca8757ef55836f97e8580f&pid=1-s2.0-S2212827124004177-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Micro-perforation of the porous transport layer for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer cells using ultrashort laser pulses 利用超短激光脉冲对质子交换膜水电解槽的多孔传输层进行微穿孔

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.068

Pawel Garkusha , Christian Geiger , Christian Bernauer , Tony Weiss , Matthias Ernst , Michael F. Zaeh

{"title":"Micro-perforation of the porous transport layer for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer cells using ultrashort laser pulses","authors":"Pawel Garkusha , Christian Geiger , Christian Bernauer , Tony Weiss , Matthias Ernst , Michael F. Zaeh","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The porous transport layers (PTL) are an essential compound of proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells (PEMEC), widely seen as the most promising solution to produce large amounts of hydrogen needed to replace fossil fuels in the near future. To increase the efficiency of the PEMEC, thin titanium sheets with high porosity should be used as the PTL. This study examined the structuring of thin titanium sheets using ultrashort-pulsed laser radiation with an infrared wavelength. Systematic experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of the pulse repetition rate (PRR) on the structure quality. The resulting holes drilled were analyzed using a laser scanning microscope. Preliminary results showed that laser pulses with a duration of 500 femtoseconds allow the production of thin titanium sheets with a porosity of 63 %, which can pave the way toward PEMEC with significantly increased efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages 46-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827124004220/pdf?md5=50dee1e7ea8dedeb908fa6476112ecc4&pid=1-s2.0-S2212827124004220-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Improved PointNet++ Based Method for 3D Point Cloud Geometric Features Segmentation in Mechanical Parts 基于 PointNet++ 的改进型三维点云机械零件几何特征分割方法

Procedia CIRP Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.006

Peng Zhang , Chao Kong , Yuanping Xu , Chaolong Zhang , Jin Jin , Tukun Li , Xiangqian Jiang , Dan Tang

{"title":"An Improved PointNet++ Based Method for 3D Point Cloud Geometric Features Segmentation in Mechanical Parts","authors":"Peng Zhang , Chao Kong , Yuanping Xu , Chaolong Zhang , Jin Jin , Tukun Li , Xiangqian Jiang , Dan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extraction of geometric features such as holes, arcs, and surfaces of mechanical parts is crucial for quality control. The existing methods for geometrical feature segmentations on 3D point clouds still have limitations, especially for simultaneously extracting multiple types of geometric features from comprehensive workpieces. To this end, this study investigates segmentation methods that take 3D point cloud datasets of mechanical parts as inputs, and employs an improved PointNet++ deep learning model to solve this extraction difficulty. Firstly, the Set Abstraction module in PointNet++ was modified by incorporating Self-Attention mechanisms to increase interactivity and global correlation among data points. Then, the local feature extraction Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) from PointNet-Transformer was integrated to enhance the feature extraction accuracy. Due to the inherent class imbalance issue, the Focal Tversky Loss is employed as the loss function to ensure that geometric features with relatively lower proportions can be fully trained. Finally, the Statistical filtering algorithm is utilized to mitigate noise and attenuate subtle irregularities, such that the smoothness of geometric features can be substantially enhanced. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves an accuracy of 86.6% on geometric feature segmentations and a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 0.84. The comparison with the original PointNet++ proves that the proposed method can improve accuracy and mIoU by 3.7% and 0.03 respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"129 ","pages":"Pages 25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0