SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"How Will Energy Demand Develop in the Developing World?","authors":"Catherine Wolfram, Orie Shelef, P. Gertler","doi":"10.1257/JEP.26.1.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/JEP.26.1.119","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the medium-run growth in energy demand is forecast to come from the developing world, which consumed more total units of energy than the developed world in 2007. We argue that the main driver of the growth is likely to be increased incomes among the poor and near-poor. We document that as households come out of poverty and join the middle class, they acquire appliances, such as refrigerators, and vehicles for the first time. These new goods require energy to use and energy to manufacture. The current forecasts for energy demand in the developing world may be understated because they do not accurately capture the dramatic increase in demand associated with poverty reduction.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114234040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facing the Climate Change Challenge in a Global Economy","authors":"L. Branstetter, W. Pizer","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1988479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1988479","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, the international community has struggled to deal constructively with the problem of mitigating climate change. This is considered by many to be the preeminent public policy challenge of our time, but actual policy responses have been relatively modest. This essay provides an abbreviated narrative history of international policy in this domain, with a special emphasis on aspects of the problem, proposed solutions, and unresolved issues that are of interest to international economists and informed observers of the global economic system. We also discuss the potential conflict that could emerge between free trade principles on the one hand and environmental policy objectives on the other.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116004981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change and Its Impacts on Tourism in the Alps - The Pilot Area of Auronzo Di Cadore (Belluno)","authors":"S. Balbi, C. Giupponi, L. Bonzanigo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2076036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2076036","url":null,"abstract":"The mountain area of the Veneto Region covers a third of its entire surface. Here the importance of tourism, and especially winter tourism, has grown constantly in time, making it a primary source of alpine wealth and a driver for the regional economy. However, in the last decade, different studies have highlighted a phase of stagnation for what concerns tourist fluxes, partly due to a lower attractiveness of the mountain tourism offer. This might depend on different social and economic factors, but also on the impacts of climate change, whose occurrence makes it difficult to secure a sufficient snow cover throughout the entire winter season, particularly at lower elevations. In this context, the project ClimAlpTour (Climate change and its impacts on tourism in the Alps), funded by the European Union as part of the Alpine Space Programme 2007–2013 and led by the Veneto Region, analysed one of today’s most burning issues: the impacts of climate change on tourism in the Alpine arc with particular focus on the economic, social and environmental factors related to both summer and winter activities. The Alpine arc is characterised by both a highly heterogeneous landscape and very dissimilar climatic conditions, which shape the region’s overall richness in terms of ecosystems and habitats. Thus, climate change does not affect this territory homogeneously. The partnership of the ClimAlpTour project, in its attempt to cover this diversity, lists representatives of the entire Alpine region including institutions from Italy (Veneto, Piedmont, Aosta Valley, Lombardy, Autonomous Province of Bolzano), Austria (Vienna and Tirol), France (Rhone Alpes), Germany (Bavaria), Slovenia, and Switzerland. Such comprehensiveness and the involvement of several local institutions through whose collaboration partners were able to analyse issues and peculiarities of tourism in these areas. The project revolved around the analysis of several pilot sites, which alpine were considered by experts to possess particularly significant and representative tourist and environmental conditions. The initial surveyed data included climatic data, market data, and other economic and social parameters. One of the main objectives of ClimAlpTour was to establish and offer to the local administrations a decision support system for differentiating tourism supply while adapting to possible future changes in alpine weather conditions due to climate change. The Veneto Region selected the pilot area of Auronzo di Cadore and Misurina because it presented great opportunities – in many instances still not fully exploited – for further developments of tourist seasons. This destination, which traditionally has been alpine well positioned in terms of summer tourism, is now attempting to improve the winter season supply, taking into consideration strong neighbouring competitors and environmental sustainability. The study reported herein describes the project’s experience within the Municipality of Auronz","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"615 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131779261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"California Industry Impacts of a Statewide Carbon Pricing Policy with Output-Based Rebates","authors":"R. Morgenstern, Eric M. Moore","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1769908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1769908","url":null,"abstract":"This study estimates the impacts on a disaggregated set of California industries of introducing a carbon pricing policy within the state.. Two time horizons are considered, the “very short run” and the “short run”. To limit adverse impacts on the state’s energy-intensive and trade-exposed (EITE) industries, we develop illustrative policy options involving free allowance allocations of emissions permits to particular industries and limited border adjustments on coal, natural gas, crude oil, and refined petroleum product imports, as well as on electricity. Overall, we find relatively small impacts on energy-intensive industries with the rebates in place. The average reduction in EITE output is 0.4 percent. There is, however, considerable variation in impacts among the EITE industries. We also find that the ability to pass on costs, as assumed in the short run case, dramatically reduces adverse profit impacts to less than 1.5 percent in most cases, regardless of the rebate scenario. Based on national-level modeling done outside of this study, we estimate that over the long term, the average EITE output losses with the rebates in place would be expected to be somewhat smaller than the results reported here.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126169098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Abundance, Trade and Industry Location","authors":"R. Gerlagh, N. Mathys","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1756688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1756688","url":null,"abstract":"We study the effect of countries’ energy abundance on trade and sector activity, conditional on sector’s energy intensity, using an unbalanced panel with 14 high-income countries from Europe, America and Asia, 10 broad sectors, and years 1970-1997. We find that (i) countries with large energy endowments have low energy prices, and are thus energy abundant both on micro and macro level. (ii) Energy abundant countries have a high level of energy embodied in exports relative to imports. (iii) Energy intensive sectors export from and (iv) have higher economic activity in energy abundant countries. (v) The trade and location effects increase with a sector’s exposure to international trade. In short, energy is a major driver for sector location through specialisation. We show that capital and energy are complements in the production function and use various controls in our analysis. The results give insights into delocalisation effects that may take place among rich countries with heterogeneous energy policy.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125167944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a Clustering Framework to UK Domestic Electricity Data","authors":"Ian Dent, U. Aickelin, T. Rodden","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2829232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2829232","url":null,"abstract":"The UK electricity industry will shortly have available a massively increased amount of data from domestic households and this paper is a step towards deriving useful information from non intrusive household level monitoring of electricity. The paper takes an approach to clustering domestic load profiles that has been successfully used in Portugal and applies it to UK data. It is found that the preferred technique in the Portuguese work (a process combining Self Organised Maps and Kmeans) is not appropriate for the UK data. The work uses data collected in Milton Keynes around 1990 and shows that clusters of households can be identified demonstrating the appropriateness of defining more stereotypical electricity usage patterns than the two load profiles currently published by the electricity industry. The work is part of a wider project to successfully apply demand side management techniques to gain benefits across the whole electricity network.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127769711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Consumption, Income and Price Interactions in Saudi Arabian Economy: A Vector Autoregression Analysis","authors":"M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2359746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2359746","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an empirical analysis of the interactions among energy consumption, real income and energy price in Saudi Arabia using annual data from 1982 to 2007. We analyzed the dynamic interaction by applying widely used time series analysis techniques such as unit root tests, Vector Autoregressive model, Granger causality tests, impulse response functions and the forecast error variance decompositions. Results show that real income and energy consumption are clearly Granger causal for energy price, and there is bidirectional causality between energy consumption and income. On the other hand energy price isn't a Granger causal for either energy consumption or real income. Thus, real income can play an important role in policy that targeting to enhance the energy efficiency to save energy in Saudi Arabia.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117037338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Climate Change and the Resurgence of Tropical Disease: An Economic Approach","authors":"Douglas Gollin, Christian Zimmermann","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1638478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1638478","url":null,"abstract":"We study the impact of global climate change on the prevalence of tropical diseases using a heterogeneous agent dynamic general equilibrium model. In our framework, households can take actions (e.g., purchasing bednets or other goods) that provide partial protection from disease. However, these actions are costly and households face borrowing constraints. Parameterizing the model, we explore the impact of a worldwide temperature increase of 3°C. We find that the impact on disease prevalence and especially output should be modest and can be mitigated by improvements in protection efficacy.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126135412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Capture and Storage Investment and Management in an Environment of Technological and Price Uncertainties","authors":"J. Geske, Johannes Herold","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1599564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1599564","url":null,"abstract":"We have conducted a dynamic stochastic investment analysis of carbon capture, transport and storage (CCTS) retro tting in an environment of CO2 price and technology uncertainty. It includes the option to invest in, and to use or shut down, the CCTS unit. While modeling certificate price uncertainties is standard, stochastic processes including diminishing increments are implemented for thermal efficiency and investment cost improvements. Following a careful quantification of parameters, the optimal investment strategies are derived and used in Monte Carlo simulations to produce results on aggregate investment decision and resulting profits. All simulation data were presented graphically from a low optimal strategy level to an aggregated expected value level. Our results show, that the main determinate for the application of CCTS is the certificate price. However, realized technology learning results in an earlier application of the technology by electricity producers and also acts as an insurance against the low carbon prices which prohibit profitable CCTS operation.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125293714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the Impact of Warming in Climate Change Economics","authors":"R. Pindyck","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1539020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1539020","url":null,"abstract":"Any economic analysis of climate change policy requires some model that describes the impact of warming on future GDP and consumption. Most integrated assessment models (IAMs) relate temperature to the level of real GDP and consumption, but there are theoretical and empirical reasons to expect temperature to affect the growth rate rather than level of GDP. Does this distinction matter in terms of implications for policy? And how does the answer depend on the nature and extent of uncertainty over future temperature change and its impact? I address these questions by estimating the fraction of consumption society would be willing to sacrifice to limit future increases in temperature, using probability distributions for temperature and impact inferred from studies assembled by the IPCC, and comparing estimates based on a direct versus growth rate impact of temperature on GDP.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130269595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}