Land Degradation & Development最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Dynamic Local and Tele-Coupling Coordination Mechanism of the Ecosystem Services Supply–Demand and Its Driving Forces: Taking China's Yangtze River Economic Belt as an Example","authors":"Aiyu Xie, Fengtai Zhang, Yuekai Ding, Jing Chen, Peiran Yang, Guochuan Peng","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5559","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystem services supply–demand (ESSD) is a key considering factor in regional ecological security. Based on the background, this study proposed a dynamic local and tele-coupling coordination degree (DLTCCD) model and further analyzed its influencing factors by combining it with a machine learning model. The main conclusions show that: (1) There existed a great imbalance in the ESSD of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) where the upstream area was the main supply area and the downstream area was the main demand area; (2) The DLTCCD in YREB as a whole has been increasing and the DLTCCD model can more objectively reflect the changes in coupling coordination degree (CCD); (3) In the future, the government should prioritize a dual focus on demographic trends and urbanization levels to foster the balance of ESSD in YREB. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of ecological protection projects in the YREB so as to provide a theoretical support for cross-regional ecological compensation and policy planning in this area.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitating the Restoration of Disturbed Meadow Soils Using Modified Organic Materials in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau","authors":"Yifan Shen, Qi Li, Xiangjun Pei, Renjie Wei, Yuhang Li, Bo Jin, Yixia Yang, Weibiao Zhang, Ningfei Lei, Xiaochao Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5554","url":null,"abstract":"As host to among the most fragile ecosystems globally, the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is experiencing considerable ecological degradation. This study investigated the effects of modified organic materials (MOM) on restoring disturbed meadow soils in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. The results showed that soil water content decreased with disturbance and was increased through MOM addition by 10.86%, 5.85%, 15.20%, and 90.58% in non-disturbed, lightly disturbed, moderately disturbed, and severely disturbed soil, respectively. The soil acidity significantly increased with disturbance and significantly decreased in severely disturbed soil after restoration. Disturbance increased soil organic carbon (SOC) levels, while MOM application decreased SOC content in lightly (47.74%), moderately (30.53%), and severely disturbed soil (78.55%), but increased it in non-disturbed soil (120.86%). Moreover, activities of enzymes related to the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles decreased with disturbance but increased after restoration. In addition, the microbial communities varied with disturbance. The increase in soil water content and pH following MOM addition increased microbial community abundance. Thus, MOM addition promoted plant growth primarily by enhancing soil water content, reducing soil acidity, and promoting SOC decomposition, which further promoted soil nutrient cycling and improved the microbial community structure.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Tenebrionid Beetle and Ant Assembly Influenced by Different-Aged Haloxylon ammodendron Plantations in Northwest China","authors":"Zi-Ting Wang, Ji-Liang Liu, Yong-Zhong Luo, Quan-Lin Ma","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5543","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of <i>Haloxylon ammodendron</i> plantations has been observed to markedly affect vegetation and soil characteristics within desert ecosystems, leading to notable changes in ground arthropods inhabiting these areas. In the study, we sampled tenebrionid beetles and ants through pitfall trapping in areas classified as mobile sand dunes (MSDs), fixed sand dunes (FSDs), and plantations of <i>H. ammodendron</i> aged 5, 10, 20, and 30 years (designated as HA5, HA10, HA20, and HA30, respectively), which were previously natural zones located in the midstream region of the Heihe River basin. We also measured physical and chemical topsoil of properties and vegetation properties. We found that the establishment of <i>H. ammodendron</i> plantations led to a significant increase in shrub cover, soil nutrient content, and electrical conductivity, while resulting in a reduction in soil pH and sand fraction in comparison to MSD and FSD areas. Furthermore, we observed that the establishment of <i>H. ammodendron</i> plantations led to a notable decline in both the abundance and species richness of tenebrionid beetles, while substantially enhancing the abundance and species richness of ants during the later phases of plantation development. Moreover, the establishment of the <i>H. ammodendron</i> plantations resulted in a significant increase in the abundance of <i>Messor desertora</i> during the later phases of restoration, while the abundance of <i>Anatolica</i> spp. and <i>Mantichorula semenowi</i> declined and eventually vanished in the final phase of the process. Shrub cover (SC), herbaceous species richness, soil pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) cumulatively explained 34.9% of the variation in tenebrionid beetles; SC and EC cumulatively explained 25.1% of the variation in ants. In conclusion, the creation of <i>H. ammodendron</i> plantations strongly impacted the diversity of tenebrionid beetles and ants, reshaping the composition and dynamics of the detrital food web within desert ecosystems. This study seeks to address the gap in knowledge concerning the ecological effects of <i>H. ammodendron</i> plantations on the diversity of ground-dwelling arthropods, offering valuable insights for the development of more effective strategies in ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation in desert regions.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal and Spatial Carbon Stock Changes and Driving Mechanisms Based on Land Use Multi-Scenario Modeling: An Assessment of SDGs15.3—A Case Study of the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration, China","authors":"Guoping Chen, Longjiang Zhang, Dandan Zhang, Junsan Zhao","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5548","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon stock is a key element of land-based ecosystems and serves as one of the key indicators for assessing SDG 15.3, which undergoes direct or indirect effects due to changes in land use. Utilizing the central Yunnan urban agglomeration (CYUA) as the study region, we constructed the Markov-Multi-Objective-patch-generating land use simulation (Markov-MOP-PLUS) coupled model to model changes in land use across four distinct scenarios: the sustainable development scenario (SDS), economic development scenario (EDS), ecological protection scenario (EPS), and natural development scenario (NDS) for the year 2030. The Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) model was employed for assessing the land carbon stock and spatially identifying and comparatively analyzing the changes over time and across different areas in land carbon reserves in the study region between 2000 and 2030. We used the optimal parameter geographic detector (OPGD) model for exploring the driving factors of spatial differentiation in carbon stocks and quantitatively assessing SDG 15.3. The study revealed that according to the four scenarios modeled, the study region's future land use is expected to show expanded watershed and construction zones. Water areas expanded most rapidly in the EPS, with NDS and SDS behind; the highest growth rate of built-up land areas was in the EDS, followed by NDS. The estimated carbon reserves for the study region in 2030, under four scenarios, are ranked as follows: EPS (2.581 × 10⁹ tons) &gt; NDS (2.571 × 10⁹ tons) &gt; SDS (2.570 × 10⁹ tons) &gt; EDS (2.567 × 10⁹ tons), suggesting that ecological protection measures can promote the recovery of regional ecosystems' carbon stocks. The spatiotemporal variation in carbon stocks is influenced by multiple factors, with slope being the dominant factor driving the spatial differentiation of carbon stocks in the region. Furthermore, the interactions among these factors are not independent in their impact on carbon stocks. The SDG 15.3.1 indices for the four scenarios in 2030 all show a decreasing trend, and although the situation of land degradation has improved, none have met the SDG 15.3 target. This research offers valuable guidance for policymakers working on SDG targets and land use planning.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of ESV Topographic Gradient to LULC in Mountain-River-Sea Transitional Space Based on Markov-PLUS Modeling: A Case Study of the Southwest Guangxi Karst-Beibu Gulf, China","authors":"Lili Zhang, Baoqing Hu, Weiyan Hu","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5555","url":null,"abstract":"The Guangxi Southwest Karst-Beibu Gulf (GSK-BG) is a complex mountain-river-sea transitional space made up of a special combination of karst mountains, river basins and coastal zones, presenting a slope zone tilted from northwest to southeast. At present, there is still a gap in identifying the characteristics of the topographic gradient response of past-present-future ecosystem service value (ESV) changes to land use and land cover (LULC) changes in the transitional space of mountains, rivers and seas. To that end, this study employed the Markov-PLUS model, land use transfer matrix and land use mapping to portray the characteristics of the changes in LULC and ESV from 2000 to 2030, as well as to analyze the analyze the LULC change towards the ESV response. Then the role of LULC transformation on ESV under different terrain gradient topographic factors was further explored to fill the current research gap. The results show: (1) The highest ESV was 479,332 million yuan in 2010 and the lowest was 473,424 million yuan in the urban development scenario (UDS). The distribution of ESV in space is shown as “high in the northwest and low in the central and southeastern part of the country”, which shows a trend of increasing and then decreasing in time. (2) Forest land (FL) is the main contributor to total ESV. The improvement in ESV in the study area was mainly due to the transfer of other land uses to FL and water body (WB), and the decrease in ESV was mainly due to the conversion of FL and WB to other land uses. (3) The topographic gradient response of ESV changes to LULC changes is more pronounced for the 2030 natural development scenario (NDS), ecological protection scenario (EPS), and UDS. The types of land transfers that predominate mainly on steep slopes at lower elevations as well as in areas with steep slopes at higher elevations include grassland (GL) and FL to unutilized land, with terrain distribution index (TDI) of 5.27 and 4.02, and bare land (BL) and FL to GL, with TDI of 4.75 and 3.53. Therefore, the topographic gradient characteristics of the region should be taken into account in the development and utilization of land resources and improvement of ESV in the mountain-river-sea transitional complex geospatial space.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Spatial Relationship Between Carbon Storage and Biodiversity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Baoxiao Liu, Laura Scherer, Peter M. van Bodegom, Zhongxiao Sun, Paul Behrens","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5531","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and biodiversity loss are severe and intertwined global threats. Land-based efforts to address both require an understanding of the spatial relationships between carbon storage and biodiversity. Here, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of the strength of these spatial relationships across the literature. We synthesize the estimated spatial correlations and infer how different factors (spatial scale, metrics, biome, human pressure) impact these strengths using linear mixed-effect models. Our results show that spatial scale is a significant factor, and the combination of metrics used to express carbon storage and biodiversity plays a more important role. While relationships are moderately positive across all conditions, the strength of the relationships decreases significantly from global to local scales. We find large variations in the strength for different metrics, across different biomes, and in the presence or absence of human pressure. We find a stronger relationship in natural rather than human-dominated landscapes for temperate forests, grasslands, and deserts, but the opposite for tropical and subtropical forests. Ecosystem-level biodiversity proxies (habitat quality) show strong relationships to the total carbon pool, while taxonomic metrics (species richness) show a weaker relationship. The largest negative relationship is between total carbon and flora and fauna species richness. Our results suggest different synergies for different dimensions of carbon storage and biodiversity and shed light on where further effort is needed.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Differentiation and Drivers of Functional Transition of Cultivated Ecosystems in China","authors":"Bolin Meng, Shixiang Li, Shanshan Li","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5538","url":null,"abstract":"Impairment of cultivated ecosystem functions (CEFs) is a form of land degradation. However, the mechanisms driving the functional transition of cultivated ecosystems (FTCE) and the interaction between regional differential behavior and FTCE remain unclear. To address this gap, we aimed to develop a theoretical framework and comprehensive analytical method, which combines single-factor simulation and multi-factor regression, based on the theory of agricultural-induced production substitution from the perspective of cultivated land use (CLU). The framework takes into account socioeconomic and regional elements, representing an advancement over extant studies that focus on natural ecological factors. The findings show that the high value of CEFs in China moves from the southwest and northeast to the central and Yangtze River Delta regions from 1990 to 2021. The FTCE occurs at both national and provincial scales with a U-shaped trend from rapid consumption to recovery growth. Further, there are two typical FTCE paths in China at different socioeconomic levels. At the regional scale, the FTCE in the east is mainly due to the decline in nitrogen fertilizer use intensity (NFUI), and in the central and western regions mainly due to the decline in biological disaster intensity (BDI). The mechanism driving FTCE is identified as the alternative choices made by farmers for agricultural production under different CLU goals, which are jointly influenced by cultivated land fragmentation (CLF), cultivated land scale management (CLM), and biological disaster adaptive capacity (BDC). Finally, recommendations to encourage the differentiated FTCE model in all regions of China are made with the aim of mitigating land degradation problems.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Response of Ecosystem Service to Restoration Methods and Restoration Time in Shallow Landslide-Prone Areas","authors":"Zheng Huang, Xia Wang, Meng Han Yuan, Wen Hui Duan, Jie Yi Xia, Jia Li, Yun Fei Zhao","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5550","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation restoration effectively inhibits soil erosion, improves soil structure, increases soil carbon storage, and restores ecosystem service functions in vulnerable areas. Understanding the complex interactions between ecosystem services is essential for scientifically managing ecological restoration. However, systematic research in geohazard-prone areas with fragile ecosystems remains limited. Individual ecosystem services may exhibit varying trade-offs or synergies depending on restoration methods and duration, yet their relationships and optimization strategies are poorly understood. To address this, we investigated shallow landslide-prone areas in China where ecological restoration projects have been ongoing for 14 years. By assessing key ecosystem services-carbon storage, water conservation, and soil retention-under different restoration methods and duration, we found that ecosystem service capacity improved significantly, driven more by restoration modes than time. Artificial restoration had a greater positive impact than natural restoration. Over time, the soil and water conservation-carbon stock trade-off shifted toward continuous positive change. Additionally, the relationship between soil retention and water conservation transitioned from trade-off to synergy, indicating enhanced ecosystem functionality. Our study highlights the benefits of integrating restoration practices across management modes rather than time to develop sustainable ecosystem management strategies. These findings underscore the importance of artificial measures to strengthen ecosystem services in fragile and degraded areas.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species Rarity and Topography Determine the Plant Functional Structure Along the Successional Pathway in Heterogeneous Degraded Karst Forests","authors":"Mingzhen Sui, Longchenxi Meng, Guangqi Zhang, Danmei Chen, Qingfu Liu, Lipeng Zang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5527","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the dynamics of plant functional community structure along the successional pathway is crucial for natural resource conservation and environmental management, especially in those specially degraded ecosystems. This study established forest dynamic plots along the successional pathway in degraded karst forests to measure six plant functional traits: specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf thickness, leaf carbon content, leaf nitrogen content, and leaf phosphorus content. By implementing Grime's CSR strategy and employing a ternary functional diversity diagram framework, the variations in ternary plant ecological strategies and functional diversity were quantified. The results showed that the plants with competitive strategies increased along the succession, while plants with S-strategy decreased. The functional diversity declined from the early- to mid-successional stages, followed by an increase in the late-successional stage, with a corresponding inverse trend in functional redundancy. Furthermore, there was a decrease in species dominance from the early- to mid-successional stage, which contributed to the trade-off between functional diversity and redundancy. The topographic roughness and soil pH value were the main abiotic factors determining the variation in functional diversity among successional stages. Species rarity positively impacted functional diversity but negatively affected functional redundancy, highlighting the role of rare species in maintaining ecosystem functionality and emphasizing the vulnerability of karst ecosystems to environmental changes. This study provides valuable insights into the successional mechanisms in karst forests, thereby facilitating the development of effective conservation and environmental management.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land Degradation and Development Perspective of COP27 in the View of Green Energy, Agriculture, and Water Productivity: Novel Evidence From Emerging Economies","authors":"Haoxuan Chen, Xiangdong Liu, Baoguo Chen, Zhe Wang, Zehua Feng","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5563","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the interplay between land and water productivity and green energy in emerging economies' environmental degradation. Since COP27 and COP28, they have paid more attention to the appropriate land management, food security, and green energy transition to overcome the global food and energy demand and attain sustainable development without harming environmental quality. Therefore, this research tends to contribute to the ongoing research on the climatic changing factors in the group of emerging economies, including India, Mexico, Russia, Pakistan, China, and Brazil. The study deals with the panel data covering the period from 1990 to 2022. Using sophisticated second-generation panel diagnostic approaches, the research found cross-section dependence, slope heterogeneity, and the presence of long-run equilibrium relationships between stationary variables. For the long-run analysis, this research uses Driscoll–Kraay fixed effect and random effect regression models. The research concludes that economic development and agriculture, forest, and fishing, value added (referred to as land degradation) are the significant drivers of carbon emissions, which improves environmental degradation. On the other hand, the results revealed that green energy use and water productivity significantly reduce the emissions level and improve the region's environmental quality. The results are robust and are authenticated by linear regression heteroskedastic panels corrected standard errors. This research recommends further investment in research and development, green energy, and water productivity projects. However, policymakers should revise the existing policies regarding agriculture value added and economic growth norms while replacing traditional practices.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}