Polymers for Advanced Technologies最新文献

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Room Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber/Quaternized Chitosan–Betaine Hydrochloride Composite","authors":"Jiang Wang, Mingzhu Chen, Tengfei Shao, Weijun Zhen","doi":"10.1002/pat.70444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70444","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To develop highly efficient antibacterial silicone rubber, this study employed a two‐step grafting method to graft glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) and betaine hydrochloride (BHC) onto chitosan (CS), synthesizing a novel antibacterial agent, quaternized chitosan–betaine hydrochloride (HTCC‐BHC). This dual grafting process significantly enhanced the cationic degree of CS by introducing a higher density of N + (CH 3 ) 3 groups. Subsequently, HTCC‐BHC was incorporated into room temperature–vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV) via a solution blending approach, yielding HTCC‐BHC/RTV composites (HB‐RTV). To investigate its structure and properties, the composites were characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, 13 C NMR, DSC, rotational rheological analysis, and mechanical testing. The results indicated that increasing HTCC‐BHC content significantly improved the surface roughness, amorphous characteristics, crosslinking density, and mechanical properties of HB‐RTV. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and mean square displacement (MSD) calculations confirmed strong intermolecular interactions between HTCC‐BHC and RTV, reducing polymer chain mobility. Antibacterial assays revealed that HB‐RTV exhibited an inhibition rate of up to 99.99% against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), with superior efficacy against E. coli . This was attributed to strong electrostatic interactions between the N + (CH 3 ) 3 groups in HTCC‐BHC and bacterial cell wall components, such as lipopolysaccharides and peptidoglycans. SEM and molecular docking further revealed that HB‐RTV exerted its bactericidal effect by disrupting bacterial cell membrane integrity and inducing cytoplasmic leakage. Thereby, the enhanced antibacterial efficacy contributes to improved preservation of fresh meat. This study provides a novel strategy for developing non‐toxic, highly antibacterial silicone rubber, establishing a theoretical and practical foundation for its applications in biomedical and packaging fields.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pat.70444","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Flame‐Retardant Cellulose Aerogels Modified With In Situ Synthesized Borax and Zinc Borate","authors":"Yujie Min, Xiangkun Guo, Wei Xiao, Yicheng Sun, Aokang Qiao, Yinchao Xu","doi":"10.1002/pat.70438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70438","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As a natural polymer, cellulose offers advantages such as abundant raw material availability, natural degradability, and good biocompatibility. Cellulose‐based aerogel has outstanding thermal insulation properties, but the flammability of cellulose limits its application. Therefore, it is of great significance to give cellulose aerogel flame retardancy. This study presents a simplified and efficient method for preparing flame‐retardant cellulose aerogels through the dissolution of cellulose in a NaOH, ZnO, and urea solution, followed by freeze‐drying and in situ modification with boric acid. The resulting aerogels were extensively characterized to evaluate their morphology, mechanical performance, and flame‐retardant properties. The incorporation of urea and boric acid significantly enhanced flame retardancy, achieving Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) values exceeding 80% and V‐0 ratings in the UL‐94 vertical burning test. Additionally, the modified aerogels demonstrated superior self‐extinguishing capabilities and improved mechanical strength. Thermal degradation analysis using TG‐FTIR revealed that the formation of a protective glassy layer of borax, along with the release of CO 2 and NH 3 gases, effectively suppressed combustion and delayed cellulose pyrolysis. Overall, this study demonstrates that the in situ formation of flame retardants in cellulose aerogels can markedly enhance fire resistance while preserving structural integrity, offering a promising approach for developing high‐performance materials.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superhydrophobic Aramid Composite Materials for Stab‐Resistant Vests: Integration of Fluorinated <scp>SiC</scp> Nanoparticles and <scp>TPU</scp>","authors":"Lu Zhang, Jiajing Dong, Qingchen Zhang, Hongli Liu, Xinrong Li, Ching‐Wen Lou, Chen‐Hung Huang, Ting‐Ting Li","doi":"10.1002/pat.70425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70425","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has found extensive applications in textiles, furniture coatings, etc., and this is attributed to its outstanding chemical resistance and hydrophobicity. However, its susceptibility to friction‐induced wear, which disrupts the surface nano‐microstructures and erodes hydrophobicity, severely curtails its practical utility. Silicon carbide (SiC) has been recognized for its ability to enhance polymer abrasion resistance and acid–alkali corrosion resistance. In this study, a novel approach was adopted to synthesize hydrophobic SiC by grafting perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (PFOTS) onto nano‐SiC via chemical grafting. The resulting modified SiC was then integrated with TPU to formulate an F‐SiC/TPU composite coating, which was applied to aramid fabrics using a knife‐coating technique. The coated fabrics demonstrated remarkable superhydrophobicity, registering a water contact angle of 161°. Notably, the hydrophobicity endured even after rigorous sandpaper abrasion and tape‐peeling tests. Additionally, the coating remained stable following 12‐h immersion in highly corrosive media, such as 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and 40% sodium hydroxide solutions. In terms of anti‐stab performance, the static anti‐stab force of the coated fabrics surged from 42.51 N to 71 N, the anti‐cone stab force escalated from 33.12 N to 215 N, and the bursting strength soared from 205.34 N to 960 N. The composite material demonstrates unique advantages in complex environments with coexisting moisture, chemical corrosion, and physical impact, indicating that the developed F‐SiC/TPU composite‐coated aramid fabric exhibits remarkable potential in protective performance. This study not only provides new insights for the design of high‐performance protective materials but also offers an important reference for researchers in related fields.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Dispersoid Particle Size on the Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber With Island‐Nanomatrix Structure","authors":"Yuanbing Zhou, Gongming Luo, Sujitra Onutai, Kanoktip Boonkerd, Seiichi Kawahara, Shuangquan Liao","doi":"10.1002/pat.70393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70393","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The influence of the dispersoid particle size variation on the morphological characteristics and mechanical properties of natural rubber (NR) with polystyrene island‐nanomatrix structure was investigated in this study. Fresh NR latex was incubated with urea and then processed through a series of centrifugation and redispersion steps at different forces to fractionate it into four low protein NR (LPNR) with average diameters of 238, 492, 721, and 1102 nm. Subsequently, graft copolymerization of styrene onto LPNR particles was carried out in the latex stage to prepare the NR with a polystyrene island‐nanomatrix structure. The relationship among particle size, morphology, and mechanical properties of the graft copolymer was analyzed. Transmission electron microscopy observations confirmed the formation of polystyrene island‐nanomatrix structure in each graft copolymer and revealed that the compactness of nanomatrix network increased as NR particle size decreased. The effect of nanomatrix network compactness on the mechanical properties was investigated through measurements of tensile properties, tear resistance properties, and viscoelastic properties, supported by digital image correlation strain mapping technology. A higher nanomatrix compactness was found to enhance mechanical properties and result in a more homogeneous distribution of strain.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemically Crosslinked Antifreezing Ionic Conductive Hydrogels for Flexible Wearable Strain Sensors","authors":"Kai Wang, Mingjie Li, Jiankang Hu, Anxin Li, Shiqiang Wang","doi":"10.1002/pat.70317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70317","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Conductive hydrogels exhibit great potential for wearable strain sensors. However, traditional conductive hydrogels tend to freeze at low temperatures, drastically reducing both electrical and mechanical performance, thus limiting their cryogenic applications. In this work, poly(acrylic acid)/ethylene glycol/zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate (PAA/EG/Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ) antifreeze conductive hydrogels were prepared via free‐radical polymerization with acrylic acid (AA) as monomer, ethylene glycol (EG) as cryoprotectant, zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate (Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ) as conductive filler, ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator, and N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent. The PAA/EG/Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 (9 wt.%) hydrogel demonstrates excellent antifreezing and electrical conductivity, retaining conductivity after 24‐h freezing at −23°C. Concomitantly, this hydrogel demonstrates superb mechanical properties, exceptional fatigue tolerance, sustained moisture retention, autonomous self‐repair function, tissue adhesion efficacy, and tissue biocompatibility. At 500% tensile strain, the PAA/EG/Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 hydrogel (9 wt.%) exhibits a high gauge factor (GF = 6.82), negligible hysteresis, and ultrafast response/recovery times. When assembled into a wearable strain sensor, it can precisely monitor both large‐scale joint movements and subtle physiological motions such as frowning and swallowing. This antifreezing conductive hydrogel exhibits significant potential for flexible wearable electronics.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperbranched Epoxy Resin With Flexible Siloxane Skeleton for Improving the Comprehensive Performance of Epoxy Thermosets","authors":"Caifang Hu, Jinwei Jiang, Xianfei Hu, Wei Wei, Jingcheng Liu, Xiaojie Li","doi":"10.1002/pat.70306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70306","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hyperbranched epoxy resins are efficient toughening modifiers for epoxy thermosets. However, enhancing the mechanical/thermomechanical properties while improving the toughness of the epoxy thermosets remains a challenge. Herein, a new hyperbranched epoxy resin containing a flexible siloxane skeleton (HBPSER) was synthesized for improving the comprehensive performance of epoxy thermosets. Specifically, the phenolic hydroxyl‐terminated hyperbranched precursor (HBPS) was first synthesized using 1,3‐bis(chloromethyl)‐1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane (A 2 ‐type monomer) and 3,5‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (CB 2 ‐type monomer), followed by the surface modification with epichlorohydrin to afford the HBPSER. The HBPSER was then utilized for modification of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)/methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MeHHPA) thermosets. Compared to the neat DGEBA thermoset, the 8 wt% HBPSER‐modified epoxy thermoset showed a 139.6%, 99.6%, 88%, 268.2%, 22.8%, and 2.8% increase in impact strength, elongation at break, critical stress intensity factor ( K IC ), critical crack propagation energy release rate ( G IC ), tensile strength, and glass transition temperature ( T g ), respectively. In addition, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss were reduced by 41.3% and 51.6%, respectively. Moreover, the flame retardancy of the epoxy thermosets was also improved with the addition of HBPSER. This comprehensive modification performance was caused by the synergistic effects of intramolecular cavities, rigid phenyl units, and flexible siloxane segments in HBPSER.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Enhancement of the Flame Retardancy of Silicone Rubber via Vinyl‐Functionalized Modified Expandable Graphite and <scp>SiC</scp>/<scp>ZrO₂</scp>","authors":"Xu Lou, Chongguang Zang, Hongwei Pan, Xueyong Guo","doi":"10.1002/pat.70278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70278","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Through molecular structure design, divinyltetramethyldisilazane (DVTMDZ) was hydrolyzed to produce vinyl(dimethyl)silanol, which subsequently underwent a dehydration condensation reaction with hydroxyl groups on the expandable graphite (EG) surface. This process enabled the chemical grafting of vinyl functional groups onto EG, yielding vinyl‐functionalized expandable graphite (Vi‐EG). The introduced vinyl groups served as crosslinking sites, allowing Vi‐EG to chemically bond with silicone rubber (SR) via block copolymerization, thereby enhancing interfacial adhesion and dispersion within the SR matrix. The successful grafting modification was confirmed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS). Vi‐EG was then physically blended with silicon carbide (SiC) and zirconia (ZrO 2 ) as flame‐retardant additives into a room‐temperature vulcanized (RTV) SR matrix to construct an efficient multiphase flame‐retardant system. SiC and ZrO 2 , as high‐melting‐point ceramic fillers, synergistically worked with Vi‐EG to promote the formation of thermally stable and compact char layers, which effectively suppressed heat transfer and oxygen ingress. In addition, SiC contributed to the mechanical reinforcement of the composite due to its inherent rigidity and good compatibility with the SR matrix. Meanwhile, ZrO 2 also played a positive role in improving the thermal stability of the composite system. The optimized formulation (SR: Vi‐EG: SiC: ZrO 2 = 100:8:3:2.5) exhibited a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 37.1 vol.%, representing a 67.11% increase compared to pristine SR, and achieved a UL‐94 V‐0 rating. The composite demonstrated excellent thermal stability, with a char yield of 59.53 wt.% at 900°C (R 900 ), an 18.32% improvement over pristine SR. Cone calorimetry results revealed a peak heat release rate (PHRR) of 138.3 kW/m 2 , total heat release (THR) of 13.0 MJ/m 2 , and total smoke production (TSP) of 3.2 m 2 , all significantly reduced compared to the pristine matrix. Importantly, while maintaining high flame retardancy, the composite retained favorable mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 1.863 MPa, an elongation at break of 349.4%, a tear strength of 8.917 kN/m, and a compressive modulus of 6.158 MPa under 50% compressive strain. Therefore, this study focuses on constructing a multiphase synergistic flame‐retardant SR system incorporating Vi‐EG, SiC, and ZrO 2 to identify an optimized formulation through systematic evaluation of thermal, mechanical, and flame‐retardant properties.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self‐Matting Waterborne Polyurethane Coatings With Ultra‐Low Gloss and Enhanced Corrosion Resistance via Molecular Design and <scp>ZnO</scp> Integration","authors":"Qi Jin, Xiaoyi Sun, Haikuan Chen, Qiuxia Luo, Mengting Mo, Cuiping Wen, Linfeng Huang, Zhenpin Lu, Ning Qing, Liuyan Tang","doi":"10.1002/pat.70268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70268","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Self‐matting waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) are increasingly demanded in the automotive, architectural, and furniture industries for their ability to reduce visual fatigue and deliver refined aesthetics. However, their limited corrosion resistance restricts applications in harsh environments. This study addresses this challenge through a dual strategy: (1) molecular optimization to achieve ultra‐low gloss via self‐wrinkling morphology and (2) incorporation of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles to enhance corrosion resistance. By systematically adjusting the polytetrahydrofuran (PTMG) to polyethylene glycol (PEG) mass ratio (mPTMG: mPEG = 164.4:10), dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) content (1.8%), and NCO/OH ratio (2.1), a self‐matting WPU coating with a 60° gloss of 1.0 GU and an 85° gloss of 7.3 was developed. FTIR, SEM, and 3D profilometry confirmed microphase‐separated structures and surface roughness were critical for light scattering and highly affected the gloss of the WPU films. The WPU films also displayed excellent mechanical properties. Furthermore, introducing ZnO nanoparticles (0–5 wt%) significantly improved corrosion resistance, as evidenced by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and salt immersion tests. Optimized ZnO‐composited WPU exhibited a ninefold increase in impedance modulus compared to pristine WPU, demonstrating effective barrier properties against corrosive agents. By bridging the gap between low‐VOC matting performance and corrosion resistance, this work expands the applicability of WPUs in industries requiring sustainable and high‐performance coatings for harsh environments.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Aniline and Ammonium Persulfate Concentration on the Structural and Electrical Properties of Polyaniline‐Decorated Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites","authors":"Refat El‐Sayed, Yeit Haan Teow, Swee Pin Yeap, Jing Yao Sum, Yi‐Chen Ethan Li","doi":"10.1002/pat.70254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70254","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Polyaniline‐decorated graphene oxide (PGO) nanocomposites exhibit enhanced electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties, making them suitable for energy storage, sensors, and flexible electronics. This study explores the impact of aniline and ammonium persulfate as key reagents on PGO's structural, chemical, and functional properties, hypothesizing that polyaniline (PANI) incorporation enhances conductivity and stability. PANI was synthesized onto graphene oxide (GO) via in situ polymerization, and the samples were characterized using FTIR, FT‐NMR, XRD, electrical conductivity measurements, and DLS. Results indicated significant physicochemical modifications, including increased crystallinity (XRD) and a visible color shift to dark greenish. FTIR and FT‐NMR confirmed successful functionalization. Electrical conductivity was notably improved, with sample S3 achieving up to . Increasing PANI loadings enhanced electron transport pathways, though optimal levels were required to prevent aggregation and maximize conductivity. These findings highlight the potential of PANI‐decorated GO for advanced applications in energy, electronics, and coatings, while addressing challenges in achieving uniform decoration and synthesis scalability.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Antibacterial Magneto‐Conductive Multifunctional Hydrogel From Biocompatible Materials","authors":"Muzammal Hussain, Zaheer Ahmad, Sajid Khan, Weizhe Li, Mulenga Kalulu, Karim Ullah, Onome Ejeromedoghene, Guodong Fu","doi":"10.1002/pat.70207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"36 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}