Pollution Research最新文献

{"title":"GREEN APPROACH FOR THE TREATMENT OF TEXTILE WASTEWATER USING MICROBIAL FUEL CELL AND BIOELECTRICITY PRODUCTION","authors":"Ashima Srivastava, S. Gupta, Pratibha Singh, Asha Upadyay, N. Srivastava, V. Sharma, Shiney Singh","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.046","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a green and promising alternative for saving the depleting nonrenewableresources. In the present research, MFC technology is utilized to bring aboutdetoxification of textile wastewater with simultaneous production of electricity. Textile wastewaterhas a high pH value, high concentrations of dyes, organic pollutants, suspended solids, chlorides,nitrates, heavy metals (high BOD and COD values). The high organic load in the wastewatermakes it function as the useful substrate for microorganisms in MFC. Experimental results showedthat MFC using textile wastewater gave excellent electrical output of 546 mV after 60 h of operationIt has been found under the operating conditions of the experiments, there was 90–95% reductionin colour, TDS, BOD and COD of the textile wastewater.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41867415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CARBON CREDITS FROM WINDROW COMPOSTING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE TO COMBAT CLIMATE CHANGE: A CASE STUDY OF CHANDIGARH, INDIA","authors":"Vishal Sharma","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.027","url":null,"abstract":"High greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission is mainly due to landfilling, thus solid waste compostingsector creates significant opportunities for carbon mitigation which could eventually becometradable carbon credits. The paradigm of ‘waste to energy, mitigation of carbon and itssequestration is relegated to a secondary level which conversely results in India discarding 68.8million tonnes in landfills and comes third after China and US in total GHGs emissions. Food, Fruit,and Green waste constitute a copious and ubiquitous waste stream of municipal solid wasteglobally in escalating population and erratic urbanisation. The present study is a case studyinitiated in Chandigarh to high light the concept of carbon credit opportunities and to discuss theadept schemes for successful co-composting of green waste and kitchen waste with a mechanismto mitigate carbon leakage in the developing countries. The study credited with 346 carbon creditsand 564 quintals organic compost worth 8.71 and 16 lakhs respectively.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43162708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISOLATION AND SCREENING FOR CITRIC ACID PRODUCTION BY ASPERGILLUS NIGER USING SUCROSE AS A CARBON SOURCE","authors":"M. Mbah, O. G., MR. Okpalla, J. O., M. Okoye, P. O., MR. Osuala, O. J., MR. Alagbu","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.015","url":null,"abstract":"The numerous applications of citric acid have increased its demand. It is of great importance toproduce citric acid using adequate monosaccharides and dissacharides as they have proven to beeasily catabolyzed and decomposed by Fungi when compared to polysaccharides. The superiorityof sucrose to other sugars is a result of strong extracellular mycelium-bound invertase of A. nigerwhich rapidly hydrolyses sucrose at low pH. This project was undertaken to isolate, screen andproduce citric acid in a submerged fermentation by four different strains of Aspergillus niger usingsucrose. Aspergillus niger was isolated and characterized from garden soil. Citric acid productionfrom Aspergillus niger in a submerged basal medium was quantitatively determined usingtitrimetric method. Aspergillus niger strain HUS1 (ASHUS1), Aspergillus niger strain HUS7(ASHUS7), Aspergillus niger strain HG49 (ASHG49) and Aspergillus niger strain AN8 (ASAN8)showed significant accumulation of citric acid from the submerged basal medium, of whichASHUS 1 significantly (?<0.05) recorded the most yield from the production after 9 days ofincubation.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43199217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF REMEDIATION ABILITY OF PONGAMIA PINNATA (L.) PIERRE UNDER HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM STRESS SOIL CONDITIONS","authors":"P. Das, Bikashbindu Das, B. Das, Patitapaban Dash","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.033","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in demands for industrial and mining products alters the conventional ecosystemapproach and attainment of sustainable development. Production of industrial products,processing of metals and protection of environment are intimately connected with one another andmake a challenge for sustainable growth and development of human-beings. In the industrial andmining environment, the release of heavy metals like hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in solid,liquid or gaseous states influence the soil health of the region. Its concentration exceeding thethreshold limits is highly toxic and expresses in the form of manifold health problems. The healthof crop plants and animal husbandry are not spared from its toxic effects. The Cr (VI) is a highlytoxic, mobile, inter-convertible form of chemical element mostly used in industrial applications forits tensile strength and anti-corrosion ability. The soil pollution due to high Cr(VI) load is anegative attribute of mining and industrial developmental activities. Restoration of soil quality inthese mining and industrial areas is highly essential for sustainable development and healthyliving. Confinement of this toxic element in the closed biological system is a move towardsreducing its load in the soil profile. In the present approach Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre isexperimented as a renewable closed biological system for improving the soil health of Cr(VI) richmining and industrial sites. In this experimental set up the assessment of Cr(VI) content in selectedparts of this experimental plant species and the rhizospheric soil of their growth was performedusing the standard methodologies of APHA (1998). The positive aspect of this approach is thesurvival of this species under high soil Cr(VI) concentration and differential accumulation of thistoxic element in this biotic system. The targeted plant species was able to accumulateapproximately 50 % of the soil Cr(VI) within a period of 135 days from the initiation of treatment.The order of accumulation of Cr(VI) was found to be root > leaf > stem. Compared to thelimitations of physical, chemical and microbiological techniques, this process is sustainable in thelong run, cheaper and has least negative interference with other components of the environment.Further work in this area has the possibility to improve the efficiency of Cr(VI) intake by thisliving system.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47321394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WATER QUALITY INDEX AS A TOOL TO ASSESS WATER QUALITY OF SASTHAMKOTTA FRESHWATER WETLAND, A RAMSAR SITE IN INDIA","authors":"K. Shibu, S. Ayoob","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.024","url":null,"abstract":"Lakes are versatile ecosystems thatperform valuable functions such as recycling nutrients,attenuating floods, recharging groundwater and also serve the water needs of the human populace.Nowadaysthe quality of surface water is getting deteriorating at a rapid pace due to excess waterwithdrawal and various anthropogenic activities. In this study, the water quality status ofSasthamkotta lake, a fresh water wetland in the south western part of India which is also a Ramsarsite is determined in terms of Central Pollution Control Board National Sanitation FoundationWater Quality Index. The study was carried out from the month of October 2018 to the month ofSeptember 2019 and parameters namely dissolved oxygen, faecal coliform, pH and biochemicaloxygen demand were analysed to determine the water quality status of the lake and the same wasmapped using Geographical Information System. It was found that major part of the lake comesunder the category good (Central Pollution Control Board National Sanitation Foundation WaterQuality index [CPCB-NSFWQI] ranging from 78 to 80). Localised moderately good water quality(CPCB-NSFWQI ranging from 76 to 78) was observed at sampling stations namely Bharanikkavuand Anjalimooduand very good water quality(CPCB-NSFWQI ranging from 80 to 82) was foundat the sampling stationnamely Kerala Water Authority main pumping station during the postmonsoonand the pre-monsoon season respectively. It was also found that the major portion of thenorth eastern part of lake comes under moderately good water quality during the monsoon season.Densely populated catchment area of the lake, physical setting of the lake characterised by steepslopes on three sides and excess runoff during rainfall could be attributed to the moderately goodwater quality of the lake. Water quality parameters namely faecal coliform exceeded thepermissible limits as per the Bureau of Indian Standards for drinking purpose at all the samplingstations throughout the study period. The designated best use of Sathamkotta lake belongs to thecategory ClassA (non-polluted source) (as per the various classes given by the Central PollutionControl Board based on the CPCB-NSFWQI values obtained during the study period.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45897511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VALORISATION OF WASTE EGGSHELL FOR DEGRADATION OF SELECTED CATIONIC DYES FROM THE AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT","authors":"S. Mukherjee, H. Mukherjee, Soumi Betal","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.026","url":null,"abstract":"Egg production has been remarkably increased worldwide in the last thirty years, thereby itgenerates huge waste eggshell. Chicken waste eggshell is approximately 11% of the total eggweight and it contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and calcium oxide (CaO). In this work, wasteeggshell was modified by urea (UES) and used as a catalyst to degrade cationic dyes. Brilliant greenand Malachite green were efficiently degraded via optimization of initial concentration of dyes, pHof media, time of contact and amount of catalyst. The reaction followed first order kinetics. The LCMSstudy was performed to understand the catalytic degradation pathway of malachite green.Hence, the present study might be helpful for removal of selected organic dyes via valorisation ofwaste eggshell.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43757285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 AND ENVIRONMENT: A REVIEW","authors":"A. Punia, Shweta Maheshwari, M. Prabha, N. S. Chauhan","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.039","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has significant affect on every aspect of human lives. The spread of virus hasbeen controlled by taking certain measures that have slowed down the economic activities alongwith significant effect on the environment. This review intends to explore the various negative andpositive impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on our environment. Various lockdown measures thatwere used to contain the spread of virus has improved the air quality, reduced noise and waterpollution, restoration of ecological systems through reduction of tourist’s activities. But there aresome negative impacts such as an increase in medical waste and municipal waste.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41574580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF SIZE-RESOLVED PARTICLES AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AT TWO ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN HANOI, VIETNAM","authors":"D. Tran, M. Nguyen, N. Dang, TIEN-THANH Pham","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.012","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor and outdoor ultrafine, accumulation mode, and coarse fractions collected at two elementaryschools (S1 and S2) in Hanoi capital, Vietnam were characterized in terms of mass, numberconcentrations, particle morphology, and chemical composition to assess the indoor air quality atthe examined schools. The sampling campaigns were performed simultaneously indoors andoutdoors for three consecutive weeks at each school. Indoor average concentrations of CO2 and COat both schools were below the limit values recommended by the American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (1000 ppm for CO2) and World Health Organization(7 mg/m3 for CO). Indoor mass concentrations of PM10 and CO2 at S1 and S2 were stronglyinfluenced by the presence of children and their activities indoors whereas the numberconcentration of particlesseemed not to be impacted by occupants’ activities. Water-soluble ionscommonly presented unimodal distribution for indoor and outdoor airborne particles at S1 and S2,which accounted for typically a proportion of around 3.5-5% of the total mass of particles. Oxygen(O) was the most abundant element in all fractions, followed by carbon (C) for indoor and outdoorparticles.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43825136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE WATER QUALITY OF ALGERIEN DAMS","authors":"Ahmed Kassoul, Taieb Hadbi","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.020","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to give an overview of the water quality of forty dams located in the west and eastof Algeria. It included a Physico-chemical characterization to highlight many factors that play arole in determining the quality of these waters such as: pH, Dissolved oxygen (O2), Nitrate (NO3),Nitrite (NO2), Phosphates (PO4), Organic matter (OM), Dry residue (DR), Biochemical OxygenDemand (BOD5) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The waters of the western dams have veryhigh dry residues, which could be linked to the terrain crossed and the high erodibility of the soilsin these regions. The highest level of nitrate (10 mg/l) was recorded in the BaniBahdel dam in thewest and similarly high values of BOD5 and COD, which show another indicator of water qualitydeterioration water at the dams in the western region. The application of statistical methods,Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) made it possibleto give a classification to these dams according to the degree of water contamination. The resultsplaced the western dams in the medium to very high pollution category. The eastern dams seemless affected by pollution.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41812945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HEIGHT OF THE CHIMNEY FOR AN INDUSTRIAL BOILER","authors":"Udara S.P.R. ARACHCHIGE, K. Wijenayake","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.003","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of the surface and groundwater significantly change with the ash disposal from theflue gas stack. Atmospheric sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are caused for acidrain produced from fossil fuel combustion. The height of the flue gas stack is always essential tominimize the environmental impact of industrial flue gas emission. The wrong design of the fluegas stack height leads to ground-level air pollution, directly contributing to ecosystem failures andhealth impacts. The stack height depends on the sulphur content of the fuel or sulphur dioxidecontent, fuel firing rate, and the height of the tallest building within the affected area. Therefore,a new equation is developed to calculate the required minimum chimney height when sulphurcontent of the fuel and fuel consumption rate is known. Moreover, the equation is implementedto calculate the diameter of the flue gas stack. The new calculation steps are crucial for industrialapplications such as for industrial boiler to minimize air pollution.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45957699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}