Polimery w medycynie最新文献

{"title":"Alteration of zeta potential and cell viability in rat-derived L6 skeletal muscle cells and H9c2 cardiomyocytes: A study with submicron polystyrene particles.","authors":"Joanna Kotyńska, Marcin Zając, Agnieszka Mikłosz, Adrian Chabowski, Monika Naumowicz","doi":"10.17219/pim/177127","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/177127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microand nanoplastics pollution can cause substantial damage to ecosystems. Since scientists have focused mainly on their impact on aquatic environments, less attention has been paid to the accumulation of polymer particles in terrestrial organisms.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We checked if submicron (<5 mm) polystyrene (PS) particles, which can accumulate in living organisms, lead to changes in the physicochemical properties of mammalian cell membranes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The influence of submicron PS particles on the properties of rat-derived L6 myocytes and H9c2 cardiomyocytes was analyzed. Non-functionalized and amine-functionalized PS particles of 100 nm and 200 nm in diameter were used. The MTT assay was performed to evaluate the viability of the polymers-treated cells. The effect of short (6 h) and prolonged (48 h) incubation with different concentrations of PS particles on the cell's zeta (ζ) potential was examined with the electrophoretic light scattering technique (ELS). Polystyrene particles' physicochemical characteristics (size and stability) were performed using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electrophoretic light scattering methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that submicron PS particles affect cell viability and cause changes in the physiochemical parameters of rat cell membranes. Differences were observed depending on the origin of the cells. We observed doseand time-dependent alterations in the studied parameters after submicron PS particle incubation in L6 myotubes and H9c2 cardiomyocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The size and modification of PS particle surfaces determine the extent to which they affect the analyzed properties of rat cardiomyocytes and myocytes membranes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139478964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on fluoride varnishes currently recommended in dental prophylaxis.","authors":"Dagmara Piesiak-Pańczyszyn, Wojciech Zakrzewski, Aleksandra Piszko, Paweł J Piszko, Maciej Dobrzyński","doi":"10.17219/pim/174016","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/174016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In dentistry, fluoride compounds play a very important role in the development of teeth hard tissue. They have been modifying the development of the carious process for many years in accordance with the principles of minimally invasive therapy. Studies have confirmed their effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of carious lesions and erosion of deciduous and permanent teeth, as well as in the dentin hypersensitivity treatment. Typically, each varnish consists of 3 basic components, i.e., a resin usually in the form of mastic, shellac and/or rosin, an alcohol-based organic solvent (usually ethanol) and active agents. In the first-generation varnishes, the active agent is fluorine compounds, most often in the form of 5% NaF, while in second-generation varnishes, the composition is further enriched with calcium and phosphorus compounds in the form of CPP-ACP/CPP-ACPF, ACP, TCP, fTCP, CSPS, TMP, CXP, or CaGP. This influences the bioavailability of fluoride in the oral environment by increasing both its release from the product and its subsequent accumulation in enamel and plaque, promotes more efficient closure of dentinal tubules, and facilitates pH buffering in the oral cavity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"141-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138445904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug delivery applications and future prospects of microbial exopolysaccharides.","authors":"Tioluwani Ibukun Adegbolagun, Olubusola Ayoola Odeniyi, Michael Ayodele Odeniyi","doi":"10.17219/pim/176590","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/176590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the years, exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have been utilized in various areas of research, including health, industry, environment, and agriculture, due to their flexible physical, chemical and structural properties that can be readily modified to suit desired purposes. Current research trends have shown that EPS production is dependent on numerous factors which can be combined to varying extent to optimize production yields. Although the majority of research is directed towards their industrial and medicinal uses, these chemical substances possess peculiar characteristics which are also exploited for biomedical research, where they are being used as drug delivery systems, some of which include their abundance in nature, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and ability to efficiently encapsulate sensitive bioactive agents. However, despite the numerous beneficial prospects of microbial EPSs in drug delivery, there are limitations to the commercial production and industrial applications of these biopolymers. These limitations have inspired revolutionary research into the cost-effective production of safe EPSs polymers. In this review, we classify EPSs and discuss their methods of extraction and characterization. We also summarized current drug delivery applications and discussed limitations to extensive industrial commercialization of EPSs, while highlighting prospects for the utilization of microbial EPSs and implications for research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"117-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma levels of soluble RAGE, AGEs and AOPPs at the early stage of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A preliminary study.","authors":"Judyta Juranek, Adam Osowski, Joanna Wojtkiewicz, Marta Banach","doi":"10.17219/pim/175544","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/175544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder with largely unknown pathogenesis and no effective cure. It is believed that several, not mutually exclusive mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of this disease, including, among others, elevated oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, increased neuroinflammation, and protein aggregation. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a part of immunoglobulin superfamily; it is believed to participate in ALS pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our previous studies on ALS demonstrated that RAGE is likely one of the key players in ALS, acting on its own and in tandem with its oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory ligands, such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs) or advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs). In this study, based on our previous results, we aimed to establish blood levels of soluble RAGE, AGE and AOPP in ALS patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Forty-six coded and anonymized surplus plasma samples from ALS patients and non-neurological control were used in the study. The plasma levels of RAGE, AGE and AOPP were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) commercially available kits. Statistical evaluation of data was performed using one-way non-parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Kruskal-Wallis post hoc test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results revealed a decline in soluble RAGE level, concurrent with an increase in the levels of AGEs and AOPPs in blood samples from ALS patients, signifying a loss of neuroprotective form of RAGE and a simultaneous increase in AGE and AOPP production and uptake at the early stage of the disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results obtained from our study indicate that further longitudinal study of RAGE, AGE and AOPP levels would be beneficial, outlining the dynamics between RAGE and its ligand levels as the disease progresses, and making them valuable diagnostic tools and potential therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"105-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of subinhibitory doses of rifaximin on in vitro Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence and biofilm formation to biotic and abiotic surface models.","authors":"Lubna Ali Abd Al-Mutalib, Ayaid Khadem Zgair","doi":"10.17219/pim/166584","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/166584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to biotic and abiotic surfaces is responsible for the persistence and development of bacterial infection.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To fill the gap in the knowledge regarding the relationship between rifaximin susceptibility and biofilm formation, and to investigate the effect of subinhibitory doses of rifaximin on the adhesion and biofilm formation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 10 isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from 110 urine samples of urinary tract infection (UTI) patients. Biofilm formation on polystyrene microtiter plates, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of rifaximin against the 10 isolates of P. aeruginosa (Pa1-Pa10), the effect of sub-MICs of rifaximin (0.5 × MIC, 0.25 × MIC, 0.125 × MIC, and 0.06 × MIC) on biofilm formation by the Pa4 isolate to polystyrene microtiter plates, and the adhesion to human epithelial cells (HECs) in vitro were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MICs of rifaximin against 10 isolates ranged from 62.5 μg/mL to 1000 μg/mL. The Pa4 isolate produced the highest level of biofilm formation, while the MIC of Pa4 was 125 μg/mL. There was no correlation between bacterial susceptibility to rifaximin and biofilm formation (r: -0.016; p > 0.05). Sub-MIC doses of rifaximin significantly reduced the biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces, while only 0.5 × MIC, 0.25 × MIC and 0.12 × MIC of rifaximin reduced the adhesion to HECs significantly (p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pioneering study demonstrated the negative effect of sub-MIC doses of rifaximin on biofilm formation and adhesion to abiotic and biotic surfaces in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"97-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9840863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Properties of scaffolds as carriers of mesenchymal stem cells for use in bone engineering.","authors":"Piotr Grzegorz Grelewski, Monika Kwaśnicka, Julia Krystyna Bar","doi":"10.17219/pim/166471","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/166471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue engineering has become one of the most studied medical fields and appears to be promising for the regeneration of injured bone tissues. Even though the bone has self-remodeling properties, bone regeneration may be required in some cases. Current research concerns materials employed to develop biological scaffolds with improved features as well as complex preparation techniques. Several attempts have been made to achieve compatible and osteoconductive materials with good mechanical strength in order to provide structural support. The application of biomaterials and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising prospect for bone regeneration. Recently, various cells have been utilized alone or in combination with biomaterials to accelerate bone repair in vivo. However, the question of what cell source is the best for use in bone engineering remains open. This review focuses on studies that evaluated bone regeneration using biomaterials with MSCs. Different types of biomaterials for scaffold processing, ranging from natural and synthetic polymers to hybrid composites, are presented. These constructs demonstrated an enhanced ability to regenerate the bone in vivo using animal models. Additionally, future perspectives in tissue engineering, such as the MSC secretome, that is the conditioned medium (CM), and the extracellular vesicles (EVs), are also described in this review. This new approach has already shown promising results for bone tissue regeneration in experimental models.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"129-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10071554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of selected polymers on the surface tension of solutions developed for the preparation of eye drops.","authors":"Monika Gasztych, Katarzyna Burdzy, Arleta Dołowacka-Jóźwiak, Witold Musiał","doi":"10.17219/pim/175643","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/175643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many substances are used to increase the viscosity of eye drops and reduce their surface tension. Their function is to prolong the persistence of the product on the surface of the eyeball and to increase the bioavailability of the pharmacologically active ingredient.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the surface tension of substances added to the eye drops, with the main aim of modulating properties of the preparation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Five substances contained in solutions proposed for the development of eye drops were studied: sodium hyaluronate macromolecular (H-Na W), sodium hyaluronate ultramolecular (H-Na UM), hyaluronic acid 4% (K-H), methylcellulose (MC), and polyacrylic acid (PA). The main method was to study the surface tension using the du Noüy ring tensiometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The research presented in this paper shows the various effects of different eye drop ingredients on the surface tension of the solutions. The surface tension values of PA solutions are in the range of 48.89-56.03 mN/m, of MC in the range of 68.94-89.32 mN/m, of K-H 54.54-65.66 mN/m, of H-Na UM 67.18-70.97 mN/m, and of H-Na W 67.09-71.73 mN/m.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of different polymers affects the surface tension of model solutions proposed for use in ophthalmic preparations. Compounds containing carboxyl groups and anionic polymers have a similar effect on reducing the surface tension of the solution as classical surfactant compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"111-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of co-processed excipients for developing fast disintegrating tablets: A review.","authors":"Sajal Jain,&nbsp;Simrandeep Kaur,&nbsp;Ritu Rathi,&nbsp;Upendra Nagaich,&nbsp;Inderbir Singh","doi":"10.17219/pim/158009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/158009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The introduction of tablet dosage forms has brought a revolution in the pharmaceutical drug delivery system. Different forms of tablets have been developed based on the target site, the onset of action, and therapeutic drug delivery methods. Fast-disintegrating tablets (FDTs) are the most promising pharmaceutical dosage form, especially for pediatric and geriatric patients having difficulty swallowing. The key feature of FDTs is quick drug release soon after their administration through the oral cavity. With innovations in the formulation of FDTs, the demand for excipients with better functionalities, particularly in terms of flow and compression characteristics, has increased. Co-processed excipients are a mixture of 2 or more conventional excipients that provides significant benefits over the individual excipients while minimizing their shortcomings. Such multifunctional co-processed excipients minimize the number of excipients that are to be incorporated into tablets during the manufacturing process. The present review discusses FTDs formulated from co-processed excipients, their manufacturing techniques, and the latest research, patents and commercially available co-processed FDTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"53 1","pages":"59-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9691733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the latest solutions in the use of contact lenses as controlled release systems for ophthalmic drugs.","authors":"Sylwia Stiler-Wyszyńska,&nbsp;Sylwia Golba,&nbsp;Justyna Jurek-Suliga,&nbsp;Sławomir Kuczkowski","doi":"10.17219/pim/156348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/156348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, there has been a great interest in the potential use of contact lenses as eye drug delivery systems. Static (individual layers of the cornea, sclera and retina) as well as dynamic barriers (blood flow) pose a serious challenge to the effective delivery of the drug substance to the eyeball. The current ophthalmic systems are not optimal for patients, especially in the form of eye drops, where almost 95% of the drug contained in them is lost through the process of absorption through the conjunctiva or tear drainage. This article describes in vitro experiments that examined the use of contact lenses in the context of drug treatment in infectious, inflammatory, allergic, and glaucomatous diseases. Various techniques used to modify the materials as well as their impact on drug release kinetics were discussed. It has also been demonstrated that these methods can be used in practice during in vivo research, both in animal models as well as in sick and healthy people. The advantages of using controlled-release drug systems in the form of contact lenses are the drug dosing regimen, bioavailability and the prolonged residence time of drugs in the eyeball.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"53 1","pages":"47-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10050128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Sida cordifolia and Sida rhombifolia extracts in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.","authors":"Mohd Imran,&nbsp;Sahaya Mercy Jaquline Robert,&nbsp;Manju Sharma,&nbsp;Vidhu Aeri","doi":"10.17219/pim/156847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/156847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sida cordifolia and Sida rhombifolia are regarded as useful herbs as they have been shown to be effective, inexpensive and harmless in the prevention of diabetes, and are recognized as valuable therapeutic substances.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of S. cordifolia and S. rhombifolia in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy using a rat model.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Extracts of S. cordifolia and S. rhombifolia were obtained using the Soxhlet method. The hydroalcoholic extract solvent was used in the following proportions: 70:30, 50:50 and 80:20. The 80:20 hydroalcoholic extract was observed to be the most potent. The inhibitory effects of the extract were determined using the α-amylase assay. The most potent extract also underwent total flavonoid, phenolic and free radical scavenging tests, and was incorporated into an animal study. Diabetes was induced in rats by administering nicotinamide (NAD; 230 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. In addition to a standard control of pioglitazone, the rats received extract dosages of 100 mg/kg/day or 200 mg/kg/day. Body weight, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum albumin, serum creatinine, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and oral glucose tolerance were assessed at various time points. The animals also underwent histopathological examination to observe alterations induced by the treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sida cordifolia was the most successful in lowering blood glucose and HbA1c levels. Renal function indices and antioxidant enzyme levels were regained in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, S. cordifolia (200 mg/kg/day) extract, similar to pioglitazone, inhibited the production of advanced glycation byproducts by the kidney.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The effects of various S. cordifolia and S. rhombifolia extracts on rats with diabetic nephropathy were observed. Sida cordifolia may be further explored for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy and, due to its diverse nature, may be utilized for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, as it provided more significant findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"53 1","pages":"7-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9747126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}