Polymer Journal最新文献

{"title":"Sustainable valorization of organic solid wastes: macromolecular humic acid-stabilized cinnamon essential oil emulsions with enhanced antibacterial properties","authors":"Zhimin Duan, Liu Yang, Z M WANG, Zhanming Liang, Lanlan Wang, Qiqi Huang, Song Wang, Xiaodong Ye, Zeng Lh, Liangzhi Hong","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01231-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41428-026-01231-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148672195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PJ ZEON Award for outstanding papers in Polymer Journal 2025","authors":"Keiji Tanaka Editor-in-Chief","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01163-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41428-026-01163-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"58 6","pages":"605-607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41428-026-01163-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148153266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and functions of π-conjugated poly(acetylene)s and poly(aryleneethynylene)s with controlled higher-order structures","authors":"Fumio Sanda","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01190-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41428-026-01190-5","url":null,"abstract":"π-Conjugated polymers constitute an important class of materials for photoelectronic applications. Among them, systems in which higher-order structures are deliberately controlled have attracted increasing attention; as such, structural regulation often leads to refined morphologies and enhanced photoelectronic and chiroptical functions. Poly(acetylene)s bearing optically active substituents are representative examples, as they commonly adopt helical conformations with a predominantly one-handed screw sense, driven by cooperative intramolecular interactions at the side chains. In a related manner, poly(aryleneethynylene)s can form helical architectures by adjusting the hydrophobic–hydrophilic balance between the main chain and side chains, with these conformations being stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interactions, and other noncovalent forces. In some systems, such structural regulation further promotes the formation of well-defined aggregated states. Moreover, poly(aryleneethynylene)s incorporating platinum complex moieties represent a distinctive subclass in which higher-order structures can be modulated through coordination chemistry. In these materials, the effective conjugation length and the resulting optical properties, including absorption and emission characteristics, are governed not only by the polymer backbone but also by the nature of the coordinating ligands, highlighting the versatility of π-conjugated polymers as platforms for structure–function engineering. π-Conjugated polymers are key materials for photoelectronic applications, particularly when their higher-order structures are precisely controlled to achieve improved morphologies and functions. Optically active poly(acetylene)s typically form one-handed helical conformations through cooperative side-chain interactions, while poly(aryleneethynylene)s adopt helices regulated by hydrophobic–hydrophilic balance and stabilized by noncovalent forces. Incorporation of platinum complexes further enables structural modulation via coordination chemistry, allowing control over conjugation length and optical properties. These features highlight π-conjugated polymers as versatile platforms for advanced structure–function engineering.","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"827-852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41428-026-01190-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and functions of π-conjugated poly(acetylene)s and poly(aryleneethynylene)s with controlled higher-order structures","authors":"Fumio Sanda","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01190-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41428-026-01190-5","url":null,"abstract":"π-Conjugated polymers constitute an important class of materials for photoelectronic applications. Among them, systems in which higher-order structures are deliberately controlled have attracted increasing attention; as such, structural regulation often leads to refined morphologies and enhanced photoelectronic and chiroptical functions. Poly(acetylene)s bearing optically active substituents are representative examples, as they commonly adopt helical conformations with a predominantly one-handed screw sense, driven by cooperative intramolecular interactions at the side chains. In a related manner, poly(aryleneethynylene)s can form helical architectures by adjusting the hydrophobic–hydrophilic balance between the main chain and side chains, with these conformations being stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interactions, and other noncovalent forces. In some systems, such structural regulation further promotes the formation of well-defined aggregated states. Moreover, poly(aryleneethynylene)s incorporating platinum complex moieties represent a distinctive subclass in which higher-order structures can be modulated through coordination chemistry. In these materials, the effective conjugation length and the resulting optical properties, including absorption and emission characteristics, are governed not only by the polymer backbone but also by the nature of the coordinating ligands, highlighting the versatility of π-conjugated polymers as platforms for structure–function engineering. π-Conjugated polymers are key materials for photoelectronic applications, particularly when their higher-order structures are precisely controlled to achieve improved morphologies and functions. Optically active poly(acetylene)s typically form one-handed helical conformations through cooperative side-chain interactions, while poly(aryleneethynylene)s adopt helices regulated by hydrophobic–hydrophilic balance and stabilized by noncovalent forces. Incorporation of platinum complexes further enables structural modulation via coordination chemistry, allowing control over conjugation length and optical properties. These features highlight π-conjugated polymers as versatile platforms for advanced structure–function engineering.","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"827-852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41428-026-01190-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noncovalently polymer-grafted carbon nanotube-enhanced PEDOT: PSS composite films: electrical properties and electrically driven actuation","authors":"Zhu Mingze, Eisuke Honda, Norio Tsubokawa, Takeshi Yamauchi","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01184-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41428-026-01184-3","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, pyrene-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was synthesized and noncovalently grafted onto the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (mwCNTs) via π–π stacking interactions between the pyrene groups and the mwCNTs. The grafted CNTs exhibited excellent water dispersibility and could be stably incorporated into the aqueous dispersion of the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS), enabling the fabrication of uniform composite conductive films. These films exhibit rapid actuation in response to temperature changes induced by an applied electric field, and are characterized by volumetric contraction. The results indicated that the incorporation of grafted CNTs significantly improved the electrical conductivity, decreased the mechanical shrinkage stress, and improved the applied voltage/temperature response performance of the composite films. In addition, considering the potential applications in low-voltage-driven electrochemical actuators and capacitive energy storage, the energy storage capability and interfacial charge transfer behavior of the composite film electrodes were investigated via electrochemical characterization. On the basis of the aforementioned properties, flexible polyethylene substrates with electrically driven physical actuators and composite film origami design actuators were fabricated, which demonstrated a fast response. Pyrene-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was noncovalently grafted onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes (mwCNTs) via π–π stacking interactions, enabling stable aqueous dispersion with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) and fabrication of uniform conductive composite films. The films exhibited enhanced electrical conductivity, reduced mechanical shrinkage stress, and rapid electrothermal actuation, showing reversible bending deformation of flexible actuators under applied voltage (ON/OFF). Electrochemical characterization further demonstrated energy storage capability and interfacial charge transfer behavior, highlighting potential applications in low-voltage-driven flexible electrochemical actuators.","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"975-985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noncovalently polymer-grafted carbon nanotube-enhanced PEDOT: PSS composite films: electrical properties and electrically driven actuation","authors":"Zhu Mingze, Eisuke Honda, Norio Tsubokawa, Takeshi Yamauchi","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01184-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41428-026-01184-3","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, pyrene-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was synthesized and noncovalently grafted onto the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (mwCNTs) via π–π stacking interactions between the pyrene groups and the mwCNTs. The grafted CNTs exhibited excellent water dispersibility and could be stably incorporated into the aqueous dispersion of the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS), enabling the fabrication of uniform composite conductive films. These films exhibit rapid actuation in response to temperature changes induced by an applied electric field, and are characterized by volumetric contraction. The results indicated that the incorporation of grafted CNTs significantly improved the electrical conductivity, decreased the mechanical shrinkage stress, and improved the applied voltage/temperature response performance of the composite films. In addition, considering the potential applications in low-voltage-driven electrochemical actuators and capacitive energy storage, the energy storage capability and interfacial charge transfer behavior of the composite film electrodes were investigated via electrochemical characterization. On the basis of the aforementioned properties, flexible polyethylene substrates with electrically driven physical actuators and composite film origami design actuators were fabricated, which demonstrated a fast response. Pyrene-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was noncovalently grafted onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes (mwCNTs) via π–π stacking interactions, enabling stable aqueous dispersion with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) and fabrication of uniform conductive composite films. The films exhibited enhanced electrical conductivity, reduced mechanical shrinkage stress, and rapid electrothermal actuation, showing reversible bending deformation of flexible actuators under applied voltage (ON/OFF). Electrochemical characterization further demonstrated energy storage capability and interfacial charge transfer behavior, highlighting potential applications in low-voltage-driven flexible electrochemical actuators.","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"975-985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of intrinsically stretchable naphthalene–diimide-based multiblock semiconducting copolymers with systematically tuned polyisobutene segments","authors":"Megumi Matsuda, Naoki Matsuda, Yudai Hemmi, Rin Kobayashi, Teruma Mikata, Taichi Takahashi, He Sun, Tomoyuki Koganezawa, Hiroyuki Matsui, Tomoya Higashihara","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01173-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41428-026-01173-6","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the design of n-type (AB)n multiblock copolymers composed of a naphthalene–diimide (NDI)-based semiconducting polymer and polyisobutene (PIB) segments to elucidate how the PIB segment length and content affect thermal, mechanical, and charge-transport properties. All the copolymers exhibited high thermal stability, with 5% weight loss temperatures above 386 °C. Thin films containing 18–23 wt% PIB exhibited outstanding crack resistance and remained intact under strains up to 100%. At lower PIB contents (≤10 wt%), compared with those with longer PIB chains, copolymers with shorter PIB segments achieved significantly improved stretchability, indicating more efficient stress dissipation via uniform PIB dispersion. Grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering confirmed that the crystalline organization of semiconducting domains was largely retained after PIB incorporation. Under uniaxial strain, the lamellar spacing changed nonmonotonically, suggesting that stress is initially absorbed by PIB but subsequently transferred to the semiconducting matrix. Organic field-effect transistor measurements revealed only a minimal decrease in mobility (~13%) from 4 to 10 wt% PIB, whereas 18 wt% PIB caused a greater reduction (~50%); however, the electron mobility remained on the order of 10−3 cm2V−1s−1. An optimal design window of low-molecular-weight PIB (~10 wt%) in a multiblock copolymer balances stretchability and electronic performance. n-Type (AB)n multiblock copolymers combining an NDI-based semiconducting polymer and polyisobutene segments were successfully synthesized to clarify how PIB length and content influence thermal, mechanical, and charge-transport properties. All copolymers were thermally stable (Td5% > 386 °C). The studied polymer films with 18–23 wt% PIB showed excellent crack resistance up to 100% strain. The OFET mobility based on the thin films decreased slightly (~13%) at 4–10 wt% PIB and remained the order of 10−3 cm2V−1s−1.","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"901-909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41428-026-01173-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of intrinsically stretchable naphthalene–diimide-based multiblock semiconducting copolymers with systematically tuned polyisobutene segments","authors":"Megumi Matsuda, Naoki Matsuda, Yudai Hemmi, Rin Kobayashi, Teruma Mikata, Taichi Takahashi, He Sun, Tomoyuki Koganezawa, Hiroyuki Matsui, Tomoya Higashihara","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01173-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41428-026-01173-6","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the design of n-type (AB)n multiblock copolymers composed of a naphthalene–diimide (NDI)-based semiconducting polymer and polyisobutene (PIB) segments to elucidate how the PIB segment length and content affect thermal, mechanical, and charge-transport properties. All the copolymers exhibited high thermal stability, with 5% weight loss temperatures above 386 °C. Thin films containing 18–23 wt% PIB exhibited outstanding crack resistance and remained intact under strains up to 100%. At lower PIB contents (≤10 wt%), compared with those with longer PIB chains, copolymers with shorter PIB segments achieved significantly improved stretchability, indicating more efficient stress dissipation via uniform PIB dispersion. Grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering confirmed that the crystalline organization of semiconducting domains was largely retained after PIB incorporation. Under uniaxial strain, the lamellar spacing changed nonmonotonically, suggesting that stress is initially absorbed by PIB but subsequently transferred to the semiconducting matrix. Organic field-effect transistor measurements revealed only a minimal decrease in mobility (~13%) from 4 to 10 wt% PIB, whereas 18 wt% PIB caused a greater reduction (~50%); however, the electron mobility remained on the order of 10−3 cm2V−1s−1. An optimal design window of low-molecular-weight PIB (~10 wt%) in a multiblock copolymer balances stretchability and electronic performance. n-Type (AB)n multiblock copolymers combining an NDI-based semiconducting polymer and polyisobutene segments were successfully synthesized to clarify how PIB length and content influence thermal, mechanical, and charge-transport properties. All copolymers were thermally stable (Td5% > 386 °C). The studied polymer films with 18–23 wt% PIB showed excellent crack resistance up to 100% strain. The OFET mobility based on the thin films decreased slightly (~13%) at 4–10 wt% PIB and remained the order of 10−3 cm2V−1s−1.","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"901-909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41428-026-01173-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasible analytical protocol for residual polymers in culture medium after biodegradation testing","authors":"Yuta Sawanaka, Junko Torii, Yuya Tachibana, Ken-ichi Kasuya","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01187-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41428-026-01187-0","url":null,"abstract":"The development of biodegradable polymers and their certification require an analytical method that is both reliable and practical. Although biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) testing remains a robust method for confirming polymer metabolism, it does not provide precise information about the residual compounds present during and after biodegradation. Moreover, direct analysis of these residues is challenging, particularly when seawater interferes with the analysis. In this study, we propose an extraction/chemical-structure–analysis/molecular-mass–analysis protocol as an enhanced analytical approach for investigating culture medium after BOD biodegradation testing in seawater. We conducted BOD biodegradation tests of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(ε-caprolactone), and poly(butylene succinate) in seawater. After testing, 1H NMR analysis of the extracts revealed the chemical structures of the residual polymers and enabled the assessment of NMR degradability, which aligned well with the BOD biodegradability trend. Additionally, molecular mass analysis revealed changes in the molecular mass, supporting the evaluation of the polymer chain scission. This study advances analytical methods in the field of biodegradable polymers. An integrated extraction–NMR–SEC protocol is proposed for analyzing residual polymers (PHBV, PCL, and PBSu) after BOD biodegradation testing in seawater. 1H NMR analysis assesses “NMR degradability,” which correlates strongly with BOD results, while SEC analysis identifies polymer chain scission through molecular mass changes. This practical and reliable approach enables a comprehensive understanding of biodegradation mechanisms in complex environments where direct analysis is challenging","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"955-962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41428-026-01187-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasible analytical protocol for residual polymers in culture medium after biodegradation testing","authors":"Yuta Sawanaka, Junko Torii, Yuya Tachibana, Ken-ichi Kasuya","doi":"10.1038/s41428-026-01187-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41428-026-01187-0","url":null,"abstract":"The development of biodegradable polymers and their certification require an analytical method that is both reliable and practical. Although biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) testing remains a robust method for confirming polymer metabolism, it does not provide precise information about the residual compounds present during and after biodegradation. Moreover, direct analysis of these residues is challenging, particularly when seawater interferes with the analysis. In this study, we propose an extraction/chemical-structure–analysis/molecular-mass–analysis protocol as an enhanced analytical approach for investigating culture medium after BOD biodegradation testing in seawater. We conducted BOD biodegradation tests of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(ε-caprolactone), and poly(butylene succinate) in seawater. After testing, 1H NMR analysis of the extracts revealed the chemical structures of the residual polymers and enabled the assessment of NMR degradability, which aligned well with the BOD biodegradability trend. Additionally, molecular mass analysis revealed changes in the molecular mass, supporting the evaluation of the polymer chain scission. This study advances analytical methods in the field of biodegradable polymers. An integrated extraction–NMR–SEC protocol is proposed for analyzing residual polymers (PHBV, PCL, and PBSu) after BOD biodegradation testing in seawater. 1H NMR analysis assesses “NMR degradability,” which correlates strongly with BOD results, while SEC analysis identifies polymer chain scission through molecular mass changes. This practical and reliable approach enables a comprehensive understanding of biodegradation mechanisms in complex environments where direct analysis is challenging","PeriodicalId":20302,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"955-962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41428-026-01187-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}