Polymer Engineering and Science最新文献

{"title":"SURFACE TEXTURING TO IMPROVE HYDROPHOBICITY AND MOISTURE RESISTANCE OF POLYMERS.","authors":"Ravi Chandra Madasani, Vinay Reddy Lokasani, Mohammad Motaher Hossain","doi":"10.1002/pen.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pen.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymer degradation due to prolonged exposure to moisture environments is a major concern for applications where long-term durability is needed. This deterioration over time could be delayed by improving the hydrophobic properties of polymers. While many surface modification techniques have been developed over the years, in-depth understanding of the effects of surface modification on hydrophobicity and long-term durability of polymers still awaits significant learning. This study investigates the influence of surface modification, specifically, surface texturing on polymer hydrophobicity by introducing various texture types and geometries on Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) surfaces. Hydrophobicity is evaluated by the contact angle measurements using DI water and bovine serum. The results show that introduction of surface textures significantly increases the contact angle, and, thereby, improving the hydrophobicity. Contact angle of textured HDPE surfaces increases to a maximum of 156.7° in DI water and 160.8° in bovine serum for square protrusions, compared to 104.7° and 108.6° in DI water and bovine serum, for smooth surfaces, respectively. For UHMWPE, textured surfaces achieve a maximum contact angle of 157.3° in DI water and 159.8° in bovine serum for hemispherical protrusions, compared to the smooth surface values of 98.4° in DI water and 104.0° in bovine serum. This improvement in hydrophobicity, achieved by introducing surface textures, significantly improves the resistance to moisture absorption in polymers, specifically in HDPE, with textured surfaces showing a moisture absorption of less than 1.5% compared to the smooth surface moisture absorption of 4.5%, over 90 days of immersion in DI water. A wetted surface fraction ratio is proposed to describe the relationship between surface texture and wetting of the polymer surfaces using transition state modeling approach, as this approach provides more in-depth insights on the relationship compared to the conventional Cassie-Baxter and Wenzel models. The study provides guidelines for enhancing hydrophobicity and moisture resistance, and, therefore, long-term durability of polymers used in biomedical, automotive, aerospace, electronics, and household applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Properties of <scp>ABS</scp>/<scp>PET</scp> Blends for <scp>3D</scp> Printing by Functionalized Janus Nanosheets","authors":"Yujia Liu, Hui He, Cheng Zhang, Hongyu Zhai, Luyun Han, Cheng Yang","doi":"10.1002/pen.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70045","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nanofillers are widely used to enhance the properties of polymeric materials due to their small particle size and high specific surface area. In this study, functionalized silica‐based Janus nanosheets (JNS) grafted with styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) chains on one side and epoxy groups on the opposite side have been synthesized, termed SAN‐Silica‐epoxy JNS, and incorporated as modifiers into the acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer/polyethylene terephthalate (ABS/PET) blends for fused deposition modeling (FDM) applications via melt‐extrusion processing. Compared to the unmodified blends, ABS/PET blends with the addition of only 0.5 phr SAN‐silica‐epoxy JNS exhibited significant property enhancements, where the melt flow rate was increased by 47.9%, layer adhesion was enhanced by 115.7%, and warpage degree was reduced by 48.8%. Furthermore, the mechanical performance of ABS/PET blends was endowed with simultaneous optimization, such as a 74% increase in impact strength and a 13% increase in tensile strength. This work introduces a strategy for developing 3D printing materials that combine excellent 3D printing processability with superior mechanical performance through interfacial compatibility optimization and nanofiller reinforcement.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 10","pages":"5149-5161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Toughness of Epoxy Crossing Network: The Role of Branched Reactive Polyethersulfone Ketone","authors":"X.M. Li, Donghan Li, J.L. Liu, Honghua Wang","doi":"10.1002/pen.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70043","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Thermoplastic toughening agents represent a prevalent category of epoxy resin modifiers. In practical applications, these agents can significantly enhance the mechanical properties of epoxy resins. However, due to the inherent phase separation characteristic of epoxy resins, the toughening effect is somewhat constrained. Recently, branched polymers have gained recognition for their effectiveness in toughening epoxy resins. Their low viscosity and abundant reactive groups facilitate superior toughening outcomes. This study leverages both the structural attributes of branched polymers and high‐performance polyethersulfone ketone (PESK). Through nucleophilic polycondensation reactions involving bisphenol monomers such as dihydroxydiphenylsulfone (BDS), difluorophenyl ketone (DFDBK), and trifunctional monomer 1,1,1‐tri(4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethane (THPE), we synthesized a series of long‐chain polyaryletherketones (LCBPESK) with varying degrees of branching. The fundamental properties of these materials were characterized, and they were employed for toughening modification within the epoxy resin/methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (E51/MTHPA) system. Characterization tests revealed that long‐chain branched polyethersulfone ketones possessing both branched structures and reactive end groups effectively mitigate phase separation between the toughening agent and the epoxy resin while significantly enhancing its toughness. Notably, when LCBPESK‐30 is incorporated at a loading level of 15 phr, there is a remarkable increase in impact strength by 133% in the epoxy system. In addition, we investigated the toughening mechanism of LCBPESK in E51. For polyaryl ether resins, a certain degree of branching and the presence of active end groups significantly influence their toughening effect in epoxy resins, which holds considerable industrial value and promising application prospects.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 10","pages":"5124-5137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pen.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147895398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multifunctional Polyurethane Containing <scp>UPy</scp> and <scp>PPG</scp> Side Chains Achieves Synergistic Reinforcement of Epoxy Adhesives Through an Interpenetrating Network","authors":"Hanxiao Rui, Wendong Lin, Zhibin Wang","doi":"10.1002/pen.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70046","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Conventional epoxy adhesives suffer from excessive brittleness and poor toughness due to their high crosslinking density, which severely limits their engineering applications. To address this, this study proposes a “dual‐network synergistic crosslinking” strategy. A functionalized polyurethane prepolymer terminated with UPy (dynamic hydrogen‐bonding units) and epoxy groups was designed and incorporated into a bisphenol‐A epoxy resin/anhydride curing system. The resulting composite adhesive achieves simultaneous enhancement in strength and toughness. After optimization, the material exhibits a shear strength of 27.73 MPa, tensile strength of 32.67 MPa, and impact strength of 31.4 kJ/m 2 , representing improvements of 118%, 106%, and 243%, respectively, compared to the pure epoxy system. The dynamic hydrogen‐bonding network (UPy‐epoxy interfacial interactions) and flexible PPG segments synergistically enhance toughness through energy dissipation and stress relaxation, while the stoichiometrically controlled dual‐network crosslinking structure ensures a balance between strength and toughness. This work provides an innovative solution to overcome the longstanding “strength‐toughness trade‐off” dilemma in epoxy adhesives.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 10","pages":"5162-5170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147897482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coaxial Electrospun <scp>SMPU</scp> @ <scp>PEG</scp> Composites for Enhanced Thermal Regulation on Curved Surfaces","authors":"Xiaoyu Guan, Qian Cheng, Anqi Li, Hongyang Wang, Chunyan Lou, Wangyang Lü, Heng Zhang, Rui Wang","doi":"10.1002/pen.27265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.27265","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Phase change materials (PCMs) hold promise for advanced thermal management, yet their rigid behavior often restricts effective contact with curved or irregular surfaces—leading to inefficient heat transfer. To address this gap, we report a coaxially electrospun fiber composite integrating shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The rationale behind this study lies in the need to overcome air gaps that arise when conventional PCMs fail to conform to nonplanar substrates, compromising the latent heat exchange crucial for thermoregulation. Leveraging coaxial electrospinning, we tuned fiber alignment and PEG content to fabricate composites capable of both shape fixation and phase‐change–assisted temperature control. Mechanical and shape memory tests confirmed performance, with final shape fixation and recovery rates exceeding 80% and 90%, respectively. Crucially, pre‐deforming the SMPU@PEG membrane to match complex substrates reduced interfacial air layers and increased the temperature difference by up to 6.77°C and 3.67°C compared with a non‐pre‐deformed sample. This improved thermal regulation underscores the synergistic advantage of shape memory functionality and phase‐change latent heat in optimizing conformal contact and heat transfer. Our study both enhances comprehension of merging shape memory features with PCMs and has real‐world uses for wearable tech reliant on efficient curved—surface thermoregulation.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 9","pages":"4546-4557"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Strong Association and Synergistic Temperature and Salt Resistance Mechanism of Differential Charge Surfactants and Ionic Polymer Systems","authors":"Chengwei Zuo, Pingli Liu, Pengfei Chen, Gang Xiong, Xiaojiang Li, Zhenfu Jia","doi":"10.1002/pen.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70022","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The amphiphilic hydrophobic associative polyacrylamide (HAPAM) was synthesized via free radical copolymerization using hexadecyl allyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (C16DMAAC), acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM), and 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) as raw materials. Additionally, the oil amide sulfobetaine (OSB) amphoteric surfactant was synthesized from oil amide dimethyl tertiary amine, sodium sulfite (NaHSO 3 ), and epichlorohydrin. The impact of various charged surfactants (SDS, DTAB, OSB, and AEO) on the binding properties of HAPAM in NaCl solution was investigated through measurements of apparen t viscosity, dynamic light scattering, cryogenic scanning electron microscopy, and rheological analysis. The results indicated that the viscosity of HAPAM in NaCl solution exhibited a parabolic relationship, first rising and then falling, with increasing concentrations of SDS and OSB. Upon the addition of OSB, the temperature and shear resistance of the polymer system were significantly enhanced. Compared to the system before surfactant addition, the maximum viscosity increased by approximately 10 mPa (70%) after shearing at 120°C. At different concentrations of OSB and SDS, the viscosity increased by 133%–157%, the hydration radius of HAPAM expanded by 2.28 to 6.22 times, and the absolute value of the zeta potential increased by 27.66 mV. Microscopic morphological observations revealed that the polymer system formed a three‐dimensional network structure of intermolecular association with the addition of surfactants, ultimately creating a dense spatial structure. However, this phenomenon was not as pronounced for cationic and nonionic surfactants. These findings, corroborated by molecular dynamics simulations, confirmed that an appropriate amount of anionic surfactants can enhance hydrophobic binding, expand electrostatic repulsion between anions, and significantly improve the resistance and electrostatic shielding effect of HAPAM against salt solution compression bilayer. This study provides valuable insights into the effects of surfactants on the cross‐linking structure and binding properties of HAPAM in NaCl solution, offering guidance for improving the recovery rate in binary composite flooding applications.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 9","pages":"4810-4821"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pen.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study on the Transport Characteristics and Electrolyte Resistance of Brominated Butyl Rubber‐ and Natural Rubber‐Based Rubber Films Using the Mass Uptake Measurement","authors":"Zhenxing Liu, Min Zhang, Xiaolin Zhao, Song Gao, Guangyong Liu","doi":"10.1002/pen.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70025","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study evaluates brominated butyl rubber (BIIR) and natural rubber (NR) as sealing materials for lithium‐ion batteries by investigating their electrolyte resistance. BIIR, synthesized through bromination of butyl rubber (IIR), demonstrates enhanced chemical stability and aging resistance due to its polar CBr bonds and dense molecular architecture. NR, composed primarily of cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene, offers superior elasticity and processability. Vulcanized samples of BIIR and NR are immersed in pure and mixed solutions of ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) at 45°C, 60°C, and 80°C, respectively. Swelling behavior and transport properties are analyzed by calculating diffusion ( D ), solubility ( S ), and permeability ( P ) coefficients. Results reveal that BIIR exhibits 42%–58% lower swelling ratios than NR under high‐temperature (80°C) and polar electrolyte (EC‐rich) conditions due to its compact molecular structure. NR displays selective adsorption behavior, with transient mass increases of 15%–20% during initial solvent exposure. Temperature elevation accelerates transport rates, reducing equilibrium swelling time by 65%–72% for BIIR compared to NR. These findings establish BIIR as a promising candidate for high‐temperature battery sealing applications, while the cost‐effectiveness and resilience of NR, on the other hand, remain advantageous under moderate conditions.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 9","pages":"4843-4853"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pen.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of Mechanical Properties and Degradation Behavior of Poly(L‐Lactide‐Co‐ε‐Caprolactone) ( <scp>PLCL</scp> ) by Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticle","authors":"Xiaofeng Wang, Hongyan Jin, Shuya Zhang, Zifan Zou, Tao Zhang, Yuzhen Lv, Zichen Yuan, Wenjuan Han, Quan Li","doi":"10.1002/pen.27279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.27279","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, biodegradable PLCL polymers are highly valued. This is because their mechanical properties can be finely adjusted, and they are compatible with biological tissues. However, precise control over their degradation rate remains a challenge for biomedical applications. In this study, magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were incorporated into PLCL matrices to systematically modulate both mechanical properties and degradation behavior. To determine the microstructure and thermal robustness of the PLCL/MgO composites, a battery of tests was conducted. These tests included scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheometry, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results revealed that MgO nanoparticles significantly enhanced the ultimate tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of PLCL while simultaneously accelerating its hydrolytic degradation. This was attributed to MgO's dual role: (1) stabilizing the local pH by neutralizing acidic degradation byproducts, thereby mitigating autocatalytic degradation of the PLCL matrix, and (2) acting as an alkaline catalyst to facilitate ester bond hydrolysis. Notably, the degradation rate increased in a MgO concentration‐dependent manner, with minimal impact on the polymer's biocompatibility. This study demonstrates that MgO can effectively modulate the degradation process, thereby enabling the creation of bioresorbable PLCL‐based materials with tailored lifespans. This advancement holds great promise for advanced biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 9","pages":"4595-4605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147898364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three‐Armed Polycaprolactone‐Based Polyurethane for High‐Performance Composite Solid‐State Electrolytes","authors":"Zitong Shen, Jiashang Chen, Jiaqi Bian, Xing Xiang, Siwen Bi","doi":"10.1002/pen.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To mitigate the aggregation of inorganic fillers in composite solid electrolytes, we synthesized a three‐armed polyester polyurethane oligomer (TAPU) through a two‐step polymerization. The curing degree of TAPU was quantitatively analyzed based on the infrared absorption of isocyanate groups, and the curing kinetics were investigated and integrated with the crystalline properties of the cured TAPU. TAPU had a strong solvation ability for lithium salt, and the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte reached 1.48 × 10 −4 S cm −1 at room temperature, which is much higher than that of linear polycaprolactone electrolytes. The LLZTO particles modified with TAPU exhibited enhanced dispersion stability in the composite electrolyte system, effectively suppressing nanoparticle aggregation and improving interfacial compatibility between the ceramic fillers and polymer matrix. The Li//5% LLZTO‐TAPU//Li coin cells were prepared by in situ curing and had excellent cycle stability of up to 768 h at 50°C, which was five times higher than that of PCL electrolytes. Compared with linear polymer solid electrolytes, nonlinear topological polymer provided more functional groups for high ion conduction and cycling stability in lithium batteries.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 9","pages":"4707-4716"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Situ Emulsion Polymerization Strategy on Basalt Fibers to Enhance the <scp>3D</scp> Printability and the Mechanical Property of Polypropylene","authors":"Wei Liu, Xian Wu, Wei Qiu, Yang Li, Shikui Jia, Lihua Xiao","doi":"10.1002/pen.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70002","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT 3D printing technology is well‐known for versatile design, effortless part acquisition, limited waste, and fast manufacturing. However, its large‐scale applications have also long been restricted by the high price and the brittleness of commercial filaments. Hence, a novel 3D printing filament of PP modified by basalt fiber with a core‐shell structure synthesized through in situ emulsion polymerization of PMMA was developed to generate numerous nanospheres piled up around fibers. It greatly changed the crystallization behavior of PP, enhancing the 3D printability of PP. The maximum warpage degree decreased by 62.75%, while the volume shrinkage rate decreased by 74.63%, which fitted most requirements of 3D printers. Besides that, the synthesized PMMA@BF could also significantly improve the mechanical properties of 3D printed objects. The tensile strength and the compressive strength increased by 66.81% and 14.40%, respectively. This study explored the use of inexpensive PP as raw material to obtain high‐performance 3D printing filament, expanding the use range of 3D printed objects, and also expected to be used in other similar crystallinity polymers to broaden the raw material sources for 3D printing.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 9","pages":"4682-4694"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147893867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}