{"title":"Legumes from the Paleocene sediments of India and their ecological significance","authors":"Harshita Bhatia , Gaurav Srivastava , R.C. Mehrotra","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the early Paleogene, greenhouse gases created warm global climates. These warm climates redistributed the habitat of marine and terrestrial biota globally. Understanding the ecology of biotas under extremely warm climates is important to decipher their behavior in future climate warming. Here we report two new legume fossils (<em>Leguminocarpum meghalayensis</em> Bhatia, Srivastava et Mehrotra sp. nov., and <em>Parvileguminophyllum damalgiriensis</em> Bhatia, Srivastava et Mehrotra sp. nov.) from the late Paleocene sediments of Tura Formation of Meghalaya, northeast India. Globally, the Paleocene legume fossil records indicate that legumes most likely immigrated to India from Africa via the Ladakh-Kohistan Arc during the early Paleogene. Moreover, previously reconstructed climate data from the Tura Formation indicate that legumes were well adapted to a warm seasonal climate with monsoon rains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 2","pages":"Pages 199-210"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/89/main.PMC10105134.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9970998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant DiversityPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.002
Lin Zhang, Xiaoming Lu, Hua-Zhong Zhu, Shan Gao, Jian Sun, Hai-Feng Zhu, Jiang-Ping Fang, J. Camarero, E. Liang
{"title":"A rapid transition from spruce-fir to pine-broadleaf forests in response to disturbances and climate warming on the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Lin Zhang, Xiaoming Lu, Hua-Zhong Zhu, Shan Gao, Jian Sun, Hai-Feng Zhu, Jiang-Ping Fang, J. Camarero, E. Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73534871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant DiversityPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.05.001
Bin Yang , Jin-Yue Li , Rui-Jie Yang , Hong-Bo Ding , Min Deng , Chun-Fen Xiao , Yun-Juan Zuo , Yun-Hong Tan
{"title":"Two new species of Polyalthiopsis (Annonaceae) based on morphological characters and phylogenetic evidence, with a supplementary description of P. chinensis from China","authors":"Bin Yang , Jin-Yue Li , Rui-Jie Yang , Hong-Bo Ding , Min Deng , Chun-Fen Xiao , Yun-Juan Zuo , Yun-Hong Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2022.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two new species of <em>Polyalthiopsis</em> (Annonaceae), <em>P. nigra</em> Y.H. Tan & Bin Yang from Guangxi and Yunnan Provinces and <em>P. xui</em> Y.H. Tan & Bin Yang from Yunnan Province, are described and illustrated. <em>P. nigra</em> is morphologically similar to <em>P. chinensis</em> in having narrowly elliptic-oblong, lemon to yellowish green petals, but differs by having obovoid monocarps, a higher number of leaf secondary veins, leaf blades usually widest above the middle, and a lower ratio of leaf blade length to width. <em>P. xui</em> is morphologically similar to <em>P. floribunda</em> in having axillary inflorescences, 1–3(–4) flowers, elliptic leaves, and elliptic-ovate petals, but differs in the numbers of carpels per flower and ovules per carpel. The molecular phylogenetic analysis using five plastid markers confirm that the two new species belong to the genus <em>Polyalthiopsis</em> and show clear interspecific divergences between <em>P. nigra</em> and <em>P. xui</em> and between them and other species in the genus. Detailed descriptions, colored photographs, and habitat and distribution data for the two new species are provided. In addition, the fruit morphology of <em>P. chinensis</em> is described for the first time, based on living collections. Geographical distributions and a diagnostic key for all <em>Polyalthiopsis</em> species are also presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 2","pages":"Pages 185-198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49795506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant DiversityPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.08.005
Irina A. Kirillova, Yuriy A. Dubrovskiy, Svetlana V. Degteva, Alexander B. Novakovskiy
{"title":"Ecological and habitat ranges of orchids in the northernmost regions of their distribution areas: A case study from Ural Mountains, Russia","authors":"Irina A. Kirillova, Yuriy A. Dubrovskiy, Svetlana V. Degteva, Alexander B. Novakovskiy","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Orchidaceae, which is one of the most interesting families of angiosperms, contains a large number of rare species. Despite their acknowledged importance, little attention has been paid to the study of orchids distributed in northern territories. In this study, we determined the syntaxonomical diversity and ecological parameters of orchid habitats in two of Europe's largest protected areas, the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve and the Yugyd Va National Park (northeastern European Russia), and then compared our findings to those in other parts of orchid distribution ranges. For this purpose, we studied 345 descriptions of plant communities (releves) containing species from Orchidaceae and defined habitat parameters using Ellenberg indicator values with the community weight mean approach, nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS), and relative niche width. We found that orchids were distributed in eight habitat types and 97 plant associations. The largest number of orchid species is found in forest communities. Half of the orchid species under study occur in the mires and rock habitats with open vegetation. Several orchids consistently occur in areas disturbed by human activity. In addition, our study indicates that the main drivers of orchid distribution across the vegetation types are light and soil nitrogen. Our analysis of the ecological parameters of orchid habitats indicates that some orchid species can be classified as habitat specialists that are confined to a relatively narrow ecological niche in the Urals (e.g., <em>Goodyera repens, Cypripedium guttatum</em> and <em>Dactylorhiza maculata</em>). Several other species (e.g. <em>Neottia cordata</em> and <em>Dactylorhiza fuchsia</em>) grow under diverse ecological parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 2","pages":"Pages 211-218"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10105133/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9379540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant DiversityPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.04.002
Shi-Yu Lv , Xia-Ying Ye , Zhong-Hu Li , Peng-Fei Ma , De-Zhu Li
{"title":"Testing complete plastomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences for species identification in a taxonomically difficult bamboo genus Fargesia","authors":"Shi-Yu Lv , Xia-Ying Ye , Zhong-Hu Li , Peng-Fei Ma , De-Zhu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2022.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Fargesia</em>, the largest genus within the temperate bamboo tribe Arundinarieae, has more than 90 species mainly distributed in the mountains of Southwest China. The <em>Fargesia</em> bamboos are important components of the subalpine forest ecosystems that provide food and habitat for many endangered animals, including the giant panda. However, species-level identification of <em>Fargesia</em> is difficult. Moreover, the rapid radiation and slow molecular evolutionary rate of <em>Fargesia</em> pose a significant challenge to using DNA barcoding with standard plant barcodes (<em>rbcL</em>, <em>matK</em>, and ITS) in bamboos. With progress in the sequencing technologies, complete plastid genomes (plastomes) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) sequences have been proposed as organelle barcodes for species identification; however, these have not been tested in bamboos. We collected 196 individuals representing 62 species of <em>Fargesia</em> to comprehensively evaluate the discriminatory power of plastomes and nrDNA sequences compared to standard barcodes. Our analysis indicates that complete plastomes have substantially higher discriminatory power (28.6%) than standard barcodes (5.7%), whereas nrDNA sequences show a moderate improvement (65.4%) compared to ITS (47.2%). We also found that nuclear markers performed better than plastid markers, and ITS alone had higher discriminatory power than complete plastomes. The study also demonstrated that plastomes and nrDNA sequences can contribute to intrageneric phylogenetic resolution in <em>Fargesia</em>. However, neither of these sequences were able to discriminate all the sampled species, and therefore, more nuclear markers need to be identified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 2","pages":"Pages 147-155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49795992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant DiversityPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.005
Hong Qian
{"title":"Patterns of phylogenetic relatedness of non-native plants across the introduction–naturalization–invasion continuum in China","authors":"Hong Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human activities have caused the exchange of species among different parts of the world. When introduced species become naturalized and invasive, they may cause great negative impacts on the environment and human societies, and pose significant threats to biodiversity and ecosystem structure. Knowledge on phylogenetic relatedness between native and non-native species and among non-native species at different stages of species invasion may help for better understanding the drivers of species invasion. Here, I analyze a comprehensive data set including both native and non-native angiosperm species in China to determine phylogenetic relatedness of introduced species across a full invasion continuum (from introduction through naturalization to invasion). This study found that (1) introduced plants are a phylogenetically clustered subset of overall (i.e. native plus non-native) angiosperm flora, (2) naturalized plants are a phylogenetically clustered subset of introduced plants, and (3) invasive plants are a phylogenetically clustered subset of naturalized plants. These patterns hold regardless of spatial scales examined (i.e. national versus provincial scale) and whether basal- or tip-weighted metric of phylogenetic relatedness is considered. These findings are consistent with Darwin's preadaptation hypothesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 2","pages":"Pages 169-176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10105130/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9379542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant DiversityPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.04.003
Wu Chen , Hong Wan , Fang Liu , Haiyuan Du , Chengjun Zhang , Weishu Fan , Andan Zhu
{"title":"Rapid evolution of T2/S-RNase genes in Fragaria linked to multiple transitions from self-incompatibility to self-compatibility","authors":"Wu Chen , Hong Wan , Fang Liu , Haiyuan Du , Chengjun Zhang , Weishu Fan , Andan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2022.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The <em>T2/RNase</em> gene family is widespread in eukaryotes, and particular members of this family play critical roles in the gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system in plants. Wild diploid strawberry (<em>Fragaria</em>) species have diversified their sexual systems via self-incompatible and self-compatible traits, yet how these traits evolved in <em>Fragaria</em> remains elusive. By integrating the published and <em>de novo</em> assembled genomes and the newly generated RNA-seq data, members of the <em>RNase T2</em> gene family were systematically identified in six <em>Fragaria</em> species, including three self-incompatible species (<em>Fragaria nipponica</em>, <em>Fragaria nubicola</em>, and <em>Fragaria viridis</em>) and three self-compatible species (<em>Fragaria nilgerrensis</em>, <em>Fragaria vesca</em>, and <em>Fragaria iinumae</em>). In total, 115 <em>RNase T2</em> genes were identified in the six <em>Fragaria</em> genomes and can be classified into three classes (I–III) according to phylogenetic analysis. The identified <em>RNase T2</em> genes could be divided into 22 homologous gene sets according to amino acid sequence similarity and phylogenetic and syntenic relationships. We found that extensive gene loss and pseudogenization coupled with small-scale duplications mainly accounted for variations in the <em>RNase T2</em> gene numbers in <em>Fragaria</em>. Multiple copies of homologous genes were mainly generated from tandem and segmental duplication events. Furthermore, we newly identified five <em>S-RNase</em> genes in three self-incompatible <em>Fragaria</em> genomes, including two in <em>F. nipponica</em>, two in <em>F. viridis</em>, and one in <em>F. nubicola</em>, which fit for typical features of a pistil determinant, including highly pistil-specific expression, highly polymorphic proteins and alkaline isoelectric point (pI), while no <em>S-RNase</em> genes were found in all three self-compatible <em>Fragaria</em> species. Surprisingly, these <em>T2</em>/<em>S-RNase</em> genes contain at least one large intron (>10 kb). This study revealed that the rapid evolution of <em>T2</em>/<em>S-RNase</em> genes within the <em>Fragaria</em> genus could be associated with its sexual mode, and repeated evolution of the self-compatible traits in <em>Fragaria</em> was convergent via losses of <em>S-RNase</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 2","pages":"Pages 219-228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49795991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant DiversityPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.11.001
Li-Dan Tao , Wei-Bang Sun
{"title":"Applying image clustering to phylogenetic analysis: A trial","authors":"Li-Dan Tao , Wei-Bang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 2","pages":"Pages 234-237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10105131/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9379543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant DiversityPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.07.001
Jing-Xia Liu , Zu-Chang Xu , Yu-Xiao Zhang , Meng-Yuan Zhou , De-Zhu Li
{"title":"The identity of Dinochloa species and enumeration of Melocalamus (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) in China","authors":"Jing-Xia Liu , Zu-Chang Xu , Yu-Xiao Zhang , Meng-Yuan Zhou , De-Zhu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2022.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three woody bamboo species collected in Hainan, China in 1940 have been described as <em>Dinochloa</em> based on vegetative specimens. However, the identity of these species has long been in doubt, largely because the vegetative phase in species of <em>Dinochloa</em> is morphologically similar to that in species of <em>Melocalamus</em>, a climbing or scrambling bamboo genus of the paleotropical woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) that consists of about 15 species and one variety. To determine the phylogenetic affinity of the three <em>Dinochloa</em> species from Hainan, we sampled almost all recognized Chinese species of <em>Melocalamus</em> and representative species of <em>Dinochloa</em> as well as other closely related genera, performed molecular phylogenetic analysis, and compared their morphology based on herbarium and fieldwork investigation. Our ddRAD data indicate that the three species from Hainan are closely related to <em>Melocalamus</em>, not <em>Dinochloa</em>. Morphological analysis showed that these three species have a climbing habit but do not grow spirally, their culm leaves have smooth bases, and there is a ring of powder and/or tomenta above and below the nodes. Taken together our findings indicate that the three species from Hainan originally published in <em>Dinochloa</em> should be transferred to <em>Melocalamus</em>, i.e., <em>Melocalamus orenudus</em> (McClure) D.Z. Li & J.X. Liu, <em>Melocalamus puberulus</em> (McClure) D.Z. Li & J.X. Liu, and <em>Melocalamus utilis</em> (McClure) D.Z. Li & J.X. Liu, respectively. This study concludes with an enumeration of Chinese species of <em>Melocalamus</em>, with a key to nine recognized species and one variety, and a lectotypification for <em>M. compatiflorus</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 2","pages":"Pages 133-146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49796003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant DiversityPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.006
Ya-Dong Zhou , Hong Qian , Yi Jin , Ke-Yan Xiao , Xue Yan , Qing-Feng Wang
{"title":"Geographic patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity of aquatic angiosperms in China","authors":"Ya-Dong Zhou , Hong Qian , Yi Jin , Ke-Yan Xiao , Xue Yan , Qing-Feng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>China covers a vast territory harbouring a large number of aquatic plants. Although there are many studies on the β-diversity of total, herbaceous or woody plants in China and elsewhere, few studies have focused on aquatic plants. Here, we analyse a comprehensive data set of 889 aquatic angiosperm species in China, and explore the geographic patterns and climatic correlates of total taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity as well as their turnover and nestedness components. Our results show that geographic patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity are highly congruent for aquatic angiosperms, and taxonomic β-diversity is consistently higher than phylogenetic β-diversity. The ratio between the nestedness component and total β-diversity is high in northwestern China and low in southeastern China. The geographic patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity of aquatic angiosperms in China are obviously affected by geographic and climatic distances, respectively. In conclusion, the geographic patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity of aquatic angiosperms are consistent across China. Climatic and geographic distances jointly affect the geographic patterns of β-diversity of aquatic angiosperms. Overall, our work provides insight into understanding the large-scale patterns of aquatic angiosperm β-diversity, and is a critical addition to previous studies on the macroecological patterns of terrestrial organisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 2","pages":"Pages 177-184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10105238/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9324488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}