Plant Cell Reports最新文献

{"title":"Protein persulfidation in plants: a central regulator of multiple signaling pathways.","authors":"Di Yang, Dengjing Huang, Xinfang Chen, Ailing Li, Huan Chen, Weibiao Liao","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03954-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03954-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein persulfidation, a redox-based post-translational modification mediated by hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) on cysteine thiols, plays a central regulatory role in plant growth, development, and stress adaptation. Elucidating its biological functions and molecular mechanisms depends on accurate detection, identification, and quantification. Over the past decade, various optimized methods for persulfidation detection have been developed, which can be categorized into modified biotin switch assays, mass spectrometry-based high-throughput analysis, antibody-dependent western blotting, electrophilic trapping strategies, fluorescent probing, and alkylating compound-based approaches. Critically, persulfidation acts as a versatile modulator that fine-tunes multiple phytohormone signaling pathways-including those of ethylene, abscisic acid, auxin, and melatonin-by targeting key enzymes, receptors, and transcription factors. This regulation governs essential processes, such as fruit ripening, stomatal movement, root development, and osmotic stress adaptation. Beyond hormonal regulation, persulfidation is essential for maintaining cellular ion homeostasis. It enhances salt and drought tolerance by activating the plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase and the SOS1 Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter to drive Na⁺ extrusion, while concurrently inhibiting K⁺ efflux channels to retain cellular K⁺, executing a coordinated 'activate efflux, inhibit leak' strategy. In summary, persulfidation emerges as a fundamental regulatory mechanism that integrates H₂S signaling with phytohormone actions and ion transport to coordinate plant development and stress resilience. This synthesis provides a comprehensive framework for understanding its multifaceted roles and highlights its potential as a target for improving crop adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic transcriptional repression systems in plants.","authors":"Lindsey A Clark, Alexander C Pfotenhauer, Scott C Lenaghan, C Neal Stewart","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03949-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03949-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcriptional repression is a fundamental regulatory mechanism that enables precise control of gene expression in response to developmental signals and environmental stimuli. Synthetic biology can leverage this process within plants to engineer programmable transgene repression systems. This review examines strategies for harnessing prokaryotic repressors in eukaryotic systems to develop synthetic repression systems in plants. These systems utilize modular promoter and repressor architectures that can be tuned through operator placement and repression-domain fusion, respectively, to adjust transcriptional regulation. Chemically dependent inducibility can also be introduced either through use of native derepression mechanisms of the prokaryotic repressors or the incorporation of ligand-binding domains. Finally, this review explores key challenges in designing synthetic repression systems, including kinetics constraints, balancing ON and OFF states, and differences between transient and transgenic expression contexts. Overall, this review highlights modular design frameworks for tunable transgene expression in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flooding stress resilience and crop improvement.","authors":"Afsana Praveen, Shilpy Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03941-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03941-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Promoting the long-term viability of agriculture in the face of climate change has spurred a rise in alternative approaches to enhance crop resilience. Universally, the significant risk of crop yield reduction in cereal crops due to flooding has become a prominent concern, and this threat is anticipated to intensify in various regions worldwide due to future climatic anomalies. Flooding stress induces oxygen (O₂) deficiency within the plant system, serving as a major restriction for plant growth during submerged and waterlogged environments. Plants experience fluctuating levels of O₂ contents, including normoxia, hypoxia, and anoxia, which can vary across both time and space. Gaining insight into how plants adapt to unexpected flooding is essential for the generation of novel crop cultivars having enhanced resilience to such conditions. Although several research studies on the flooding toxicity impact on plants are available, as well as different adaptive strategies to reduce these detrimental effects. However, many of them focussed on two adaptive mechanisms of the plants, or types of flooding and their toxicities in plants, or based on regulatory role of genes network involved in flooding stress, but we have attempted to include all these facts in one platform for better clarification of readers. In this context, we systematically outline the survival strategies employed by plants in response to flooding stress, addressing morphology, physiology, anatomy, and metabolic aspects. These strategies include anaerobic germination (AG), the development of adventitious roots (ARs), the formation of aerenchyma, radial O₂ loss (ROL) fences, photosynthetic activity, and engagement in fermentative metabolism. Furthermore, we delve into the molecular mechanisms that underlie these adaptive strategies, providing a summary of recognised efficient genes or proteins involved in flooding resilience. The regulatory roles of phytohormones, particularly ethylene and its related transcription factors (TFs) from the group VII Ethylene Response Factor (ERF-VII) family, are also discussed. We compile and analyse information on ERF-VIIs in major crops and those associated with plant flooding stress resilience mechanisms. The article also explores the potential contributions of nitric oxide (NO) and hyponasty in the context of flooding exposure. Finally, we highlight and discuss potential future research directions. As we strive to develop flooding-resistant crops with desired agronomical traits for sustainable agriculture in a growing world population, understanding the diverse mechanisms through which plants shield themselves from flooding stress becomes crucial. This article serves as a reference for future studies on plant flooding stress tolerance and the breeding of novel, resilient crop varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tree peony INDETERMINATE DOMAIN transcription factor PrIDD7 inhibits seed oil accumulation.","authors":"Weizong Yang, Weifan Zhang, Qingyu Zhang, Yanlong Zhang, Ziwei Xin","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03958-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03958-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>PrIDD7 acts as a key negative regulator of tree peony seed oil accumulation by downregulating the FA biosynthesis genes PrHAD and PrKASII. Seed oils serve not only as a critical dietary source of nutrients but also as a key raw material for industrial manufacturing. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying seed oil accumulation remain largely unclear. The tree peony (Paeonia rockii) is characterized by high seed oil content and a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are essential for human health. Here, we identified a tree peony INDETERMINATE DOMAIN transcription factor, PrIDD7, that functions as an essential negative regulator of seed oil accumulation. Ectopic overexpression of PrIDD7 in both Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and Arabidopsis thaliana seeds significantly decreased oil content. In contrast, silencing PrIDD7 in tree peony seeds increased oil content, coincident with the upregulation of several genes that promote oil accumulation. Further transcriptional regulatory assays demonstrated that PrIDD7 inhibits seed oil accumulation by downregulating the FA biosynthesis genes HYDROXYACYL-ACP DEHYDRATASE and KETO-ACYL SYNTHASE II. These findings advance our understanding of the molecular basis of seed oil accumulation and provide a valuable target gene for improving oilseed crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CERES forms a complex with RH37 and eIF4E.","authors":"Isabel C Okeke, Alfonso Muñoz, M Mar Castellano","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03888-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03888-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>The translation initiator CERES interacts with the RNA helicase RH37 and bridges the interaction of RH37 with eIF4E.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13518413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide characterization of MADS-box genes and their roles in axillary bud development in tobacco.","authors":"Yuan Ren, Rengang Wang, Mengning Deng, Kailing Yang, Kunhe Jiang, Jiantao Peng, Guoqin Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03946-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03946-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>A total of 118 NtMADS-box genes were identified in tobacco, revealing their potential roles in axillary bud development. Preliminary overexpression analysis indicated that NtMADS91 promotes axillary bud development. MADS-box transcription factors are core regulators of plant development, but their functions in axillary bud development in Nicotiana tabacum L. have not been systematically elucidated. In this study, 118 NtMADS-box genes were identified from the tobacco genome. Phylogenetic analysis classified them into type I (comprising the Mα and Mγ subfamilies) and type II (comprising the MIKC* and MIKC^C clades). Promoter analysis revealed that cis-acting elements were predominantly associated with light and hormone responses. RNA-seq analysis of axillary buds after topping identified 60 differentially expressed NtMADS-box genes, from which 12 candidate genes with significant expression changes were selected. Tissue-specific qRT-PCR revealed that seven of these genes were preferentially expressed in axillary buds, with members of the SOC1 and SVP subfamilies accounting for the majority. Exogenous application of abscisic acid and the strigolactone analog GR24 significantly suppressed the expression of most candidate genes, including NtMADS91. The preliminary overexpression analysis suggested that NtMADS91 may promote axillary bud growth, increasing both the number and length of axillary buds. This study lays a foundation for future dissection of the regulatory mechanisms of the NtMADS-box gene family in axillary bud development and provides promising candidate genes for research related to tobacco axillary bud development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allelochemical signaling and phytohormone crosstalk in plants: molecular mechanisms and implications for sustainable weed management.","authors":"Nazish Akhtar, Farha Aijaz, Moh Sajid Ansari, Mo Shadab, M B Siddiqui, Heba I Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03942-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03942-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Phytotoxic effects from allelopathy occur due to signaling pathways that induce alterations in hormonal balance within the plants, thereby hindering weed growth. Signaling crosstalk between various hormones and signaling pathways (Ca²⁺, MAPK, ROS) is involved in the molecular response mechanisms found through omics. Utilizing such mechanisms would help develop new environmentally friendly methods for sustainable weed management. Allelopathy serves as an essential component of plant-plant interaction via controlling the secretion of secondary metabolites (allelochemicals), which affect the growth, development, and physiological activity of nearby plants. The latest findings indicate that allelochemicals disturb phytohormone balance and signaling pathways resulting in oxidative stress, metabolism dysfunctions, cellular processes disturbances, and eventually inhibiting the growth of target weed species. Molecular biology progress and omics techniques brought information about the sophisticated regulation processes involved in allelopathic interactions. This review summarizes the information about the molecular mechanism of weed suppression mediated by allelopathy with the emphasis on allelochemical perception, phytohormone signaling, ROS responses, and evidence obtained by the application of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other omics-based studies. In addition, it introduces novel approaches, such as rhizosphere engineering, nanotechnologies, and genome editing, which may improve the effectiveness and reliability of allelopathic weed suppression. Overall, these achievements provide prospects for creating a new generation of weed control technologies that are sustainable, environmentally friendly, and climate-adaptive.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative multi-omics uncover conserved and lineage-specific defense strategies to southern corn rust in temperate and tropical maize.","authors":"Xiuzhen Zhai, Jingjing Zhan, Nan Wang, JiaLong Liu, Songtao Liu, Yinsuo Jia, Mengyun Kou, Yuan Zhong, Qian Yang, Shuohang Lv, Jingxu Zhang, Hao Su, Tianhui Yu, Qing Miao, Ying Liu, Jiahui Suo, Huijun Duan, Xiaocui Yan","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03914-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03914-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Temperate and tropical maize inbred lines achieve high-level resistance to southern corn rust through distinct ETI associated and PTI associated signaling networks, with the peroxidase gene PER1 functioning as a common positive regulator across both resistance types. Southern corn rust (SCR), caused by the fungus Puccinia polysora, is a devastating fungal disease that leads to significant yield losses in maize worldwide. This study employs an integrated multi-omics approach, combining phenotyping, transcriptomics, metabolomics, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and gene silencing, to delineate the molecular mechanisms of SCR resistance in temperate (Temp_R, R241) and tropical (Tr_R, Nei50205) maize inbred lines. Both lines displayed stable, high-level resistance, with Tr_R exhibiting more rapid callose deposition and cell wall fortification. Multi-omics analysis revealed that both resistant lines share activation of jasmonic acid (JA) signaling as a common defense foundation. Temp_R showed a stronger reliance on JA signaling and an intracellular defense cascade mediated by ncRNA-EDR1-RPP13L3. In addition to the common JA foundation, Tr_R also activates pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) associated signatures via LRR-RLK/CRK40 kinases, which further potentiates cell wall reinforcement through phenylpropanoid metabolism. Furthermore, we identified the peroxidase gene PER1 as a common positive regulator of resistance in both lines. Our findings unveil both shared and distinct genetic pathways underlying SCR resistance and underscore the value of tropical germplasm in breeding for durable resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient in-vitro regeneration and transformation for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing of phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene in pea (Pisum sativum L.).","authors":"Hardeep Singh, Pankaj Kumar, Vishal Sharma, Jagtar Singh, Wojciech K Swiecicki, Malgorzata Jedryczka, Magdalena Gawlowska, Siddharth Tiwari","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03945-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03945-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>The present study addresses optimization of in-vitro regeneration via direct organogenesis and Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation, enabling efficient multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing of the phytoene desaturase (PsPDS) gene in pea. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important legume crop valued for food, plant-based protein, vegetable, and green manure. Although genome editing offers a precise and rapid strategy for crop improvement, its application in pea remains challenging due to inherent recalcitrance to in-vitro regeneration and genotype-dependent transformation. The regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation systems were optimized, and the dicotyledonary node (DCN) was identified as the preferred explant for multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing in pea. Among three explant types (embryonic axis, DCN and nodal segment), DCN showed the highest regeneration efficiency, producing 100% shoot bud induction and 39.70 shoots per explant on MS medium augmented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 6.00 mg/L) and kinetin (1.00 mg/L). Shoot elongation and rooting efficiencies were improved using GA3 (1.00 mg/L), BAP (1.00 mg/L), IAA (0.10 mg/L), and NAA (0.5 mg/L), respectively. Manipulating explant type, Agrobacterium optical density, vacuum infiltration, acetosyringone concentration, infection time, and co-cultivation duration improved the transient transformation efficiency. We noted efficiency from 23.33% to 90.00% in DCN and from 6.66% to 93.33% in embryonic axis explants across 10 pea cultivars. Stable transformed lines generated from the DCN of cultivar Kashi Samridhi were confirmed by GUS staining and PCR. The optimized regeneration and transformation system facilitated targeted editing of phytoene desaturase (PsPDS) in pea, achieving ICE-estimated mutation frequencies of upto 97% in independent lines. The study provides a robust platform for functional genomics and accelerates the deployment of genome-editing technologies for pea improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13503450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide characterization of BraABCB transporters reveals their potential roles in hormone responses in Brassica rapa var. parachinensis.","authors":"Yanyan Li, Haobo Yang, Manna Guo, Xinyi Peng, Linning Li, Jiahui Weng, Ying Li, Hongyong Shi","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03937-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03937-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Thirty-six BraABCB genes were identified in Brassica rapa var. parachinensis; expression and interaction analyses suggest BraABCB27 and BraABCB28 as hormone-responsive candidates associated with BRI1-related proteins. ABCB transporters are ATP-dependent membrane proteins that mediate the transport of diverse substrates, including phytohormones, and play important roles in plant development and environmental adaptation. Previous studies in Arabidopsis have shown that several ABCB proteins participate in phytohormone transport, including auxin and brassinosteroid transport, whereas the functions of their homologs in Brassica rapa var. parachinensis remain poorly understood. In this study, 36 BraABCB genes were identified and classified into four phylogenetic groups. Conserved domain analysis showed that BraABCB proteins contain typical nucleotide-binding domains and transmembrane domains. Chromosomal distribution, collinearity, and Ka/Ks analyses suggested that the BraABCB family is evolutionarily conserved and mainly subject to purifying constraints. Promoter analysis and RT-qPCR assays of selected Group IV BraABCB genes revealed diverse expression patterns and responses to drought, high temperature, brassinolide, and indole-3-acetic acid treatments. Subcellular localization assays showed that selected Group IV BraABCB proteins exhibited predominant plasma membrane localization. Notably, BraABCB27 and BraABCB28, two close AtABCB1/AtABCB19-related homologs, showed detectable physical associations with BRI1-related proteins in BiFC and split-ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid assays. Together, these results provide a genome-wide characterization of the BraABCB gene family and identify BraABCB27 and BraABCB28 as candidate genes for future studies of their possible associations with BR-related membrane processes and hormone-regulated growth responses in B. rapa var. parachinensis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}