Pituitary最新文献

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Help-we need a psychiatrist! 帮帮我们,我们需要心理医生!
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01771-w
Stephan Petersenn
{"title":"Help-we need a psychiatrist!","authors":"Stephan Petersenn","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01771-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-026-01771-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial discusses the clinical implications of two manuscripts published in the same issue of PITUITARY. Main topics are the prevalence and manifestations of impulse control disorders, and methodological difficulties when investigating them.</p>","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
68Ga-Pentixafor PET/MRI for identifying corticotroph adenomas in Cushing disease: a pilot study. 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/MRI鉴别库欣病皮质性腺瘤的初步研究
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01770-x
Rodrigo Fano, Anton Nosov, Burcin Agridag Ucpinar, Simone Krebs, Serge Lyashchenko, Angeliki Theodorou, Andrew L Lin, Viviane Tabar, Heiko Schoder, Eliza B Geer
{"title":"<sup>68</sup>Ga-Pentixafor PET/MRI for identifying corticotroph adenomas in Cushing disease: a pilot study.","authors":"Rodrigo Fano, Anton Nosov, Burcin Agridag Ucpinar, Simone Krebs, Serge Lyashchenko, Angeliki Theodorou, Andrew L Lin, Viviane Tabar, Heiko Schoder, Eliza B Geer","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01770-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-026-01770-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess whether C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4-targeted <sup>68</sup>Ga-Pentixafor PET/MRI can localize corticotroph adenomas in patients with Cushing disease (CD), particularly when MRI is negative or inconclusive, and explore performance in newly diagnosed versus persistent/recurrent disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center pilot study, 10 patients with newly diagnosed or persistent/recurrent CD, confirmed by inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) and/or surgical pathology, underwent <sup>68</sup>Ga-Pentixafor PET/MRI. Clinical, biochemical, radiologic, surgical, and postoperative data were reviewed. <sup>68</sup>Ga-Pentixafor PET/MRI were classified as positive or negative using visual and quantitative assessment, including maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and target-to-background (SUVmean of the blood pool in the cavernous sinus) ratio (TBR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants had a mean age of 46.7 years; 9 were female. Five had newly diagnosed and 5 had persistent/recurrent CD. Two scans showed focal pituitary <sup>68</sup>Ga-Pentixafor uptake compared to background pituitary tissue. One was confirmed by an MRI-visible lesion, positive pathology, and postoperative remission. The second occurred with an inconclusive MRI, negative pathology, and persistent postoperative disease; however, IPSS centralized. Three patients with negative scans underwent surgery and achieved remission, indicating false-negative imaging. Among 5 patients with negative scans who did not undergo subsequent surgery, 4 had persistent/recurrent CD and 1 had newly diagnosed CD treated medically.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this pilot cohort, <sup>68</sup>Ga-Pentixafor PET/MRI showed limited and variable performance for corticotroph adenoma localization. Although it may provide complementary information in selected patients with MRI-visible or equivocal lesions, further study is needed before it can be incorporated into diagnostic algorithms or considered an alternative to IPSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Serial dilution rather than a fixed dilution protocol for excluding the prolactin hook effect. 连续稀释,而不是固定稀释方案,以排除催乳素钩效应。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01775-6
Shaun S Tan
{"title":"Serial dilution rather than a fixed dilution protocol for excluding the prolactin hook effect.","authors":"Shaun S Tan","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01775-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-026-01775-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine dysregulation in the saliva of patients with acromegaly: a cross-sectional study. 肢端肥大症患者唾液中促炎性和抗炎性细胞因子失调:一项横断面研究。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01767-6
Renata Carvalho Campelo, Mila Roselaine Lima de Assunção, Jessilene Ribeiro Rocha, Luís Gustavo Souza Santos, Erika Sales Lopes, Sabrina da Silva Pereira Damianse, Rossana Santiago de Sousa Azulay, Manuel Dos Santos Faria, Gilvan Cortês Nascimento, Vandilson Pinheiro Rodrigues
{"title":"Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine dysregulation in the saliva of patients with acromegaly: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Renata Carvalho Campelo, Mila Roselaine Lima de Assunção, Jessilene Ribeiro Rocha, Luís Gustavo Souza Santos, Erika Sales Lopes, Sabrina da Silva Pereira Damianse, Rossana Santiago de Sousa Azulay, Manuel Dos Santos Faria, Gilvan Cortês Nascimento, Vandilson Pinheiro Rodrigues","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01767-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11102-026-01767-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is evidence to suggest that hormonal dysregulation induced by acromegaly may affect serum cytokine levels. However, to our knowledge, no previous studies have examined the salivary cytokine profile in adults with acromegaly. The aim of this study was to identify the salivary profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines associated with acromegaly in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 25 patients with acromegaly and age-, 25 age- and sex-matched controls. Demographic and general health data were collected. Saliva samples were obtained to quantify the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-22, TGF-α, and TNF-α. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney test, Spearman's correlation, and ROC curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with acromegaly exhibited significantly higher salivary levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-α, and TNF-α (p<0.001), as well as IL-17A (p=0.029). No significant differences were observed for isolated IL-1β and IL-22. Comparative analysis showed significantly lower IL-22/IL-4 (p<0.001), IL-1β/IL-10 (p=0.023), and IL-22/IL-10 (p=0.003) ratios in patients with acromegaly compared with controls. Given that IL-1β and IL-22 did not differ significantly between groups, whereas IL-4 and IL-10 were increased in acromegaly, these lower ratios appear to primarily reflect higher levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines. In multivariate analysis, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-22, and TNF-α remained statistically associated with acromegaly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings suggest that patients with acromegaly exhibit a significant imbalance in the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in saliva, with emphasis on IL-4, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-22, and TNF-α.</p>","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Higher ARNT expression is associated with the sparsely granulated phenotype in somatotroph pituitary adenomas: An immunohistochemical study. 高ARNT表达与生长发育型垂体腺瘤的稀疏颗粒表型相关:免疫组织化学研究。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01776-5
Cristiana Călin, Iulia Florentina Burcea, Ramona Dobre, Roxana-Ioana Dumitriu Stan, Mihai Alin Publik, Dana Cristina Terzea, Mihail-Constantin Ceaușu, Cătălina Poiană
{"title":"Higher ARNT expression is associated with the sparsely granulated phenotype in somatotroph pituitary adenomas: An immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Cristiana Călin, Iulia Florentina Burcea, Ramona Dobre, Roxana-Ioana Dumitriu Stan, Mihai Alin Publik, Dana Cristina Terzea, Mihail-Constantin Ceaușu, Cătălina Poiană","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01776-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11102-026-01776-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Somatotroph pituitary adenomas are a heterogeneous group comprising distinct histopathological subtypes, including the well-defined densely granulated (DG) and sparsely granulated (SG) phenotypes. While the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) pathway has been implicated in pituitary tumorigenesis, the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) in somatotroph tumors remains poorly characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 71 surgically treated somatotroph pituitary adenomas, clinically managed in a tertiary endocrinology center between 2020 and 2025. Immunohistochemical expression of AIP, AHR and ARNT was evaluated and correlated with clinicopathological characteristics, including cytokeratin pattern, hormonal expression and Ki-67 index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moderate/strong ARNT expression was more frequent in SG than in DG adenomas (60% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.002). Patients with moderate/strong ARNT expression were younger than those with absent/weak expression (median 39 vs. 46 years, p = 0.044). In multivariable analysis, ARNT expression remained associated with the SG phenotype after adjustment for age and sex (adjusted OR 6.84, 95% CI 2.05-22.84; p = 0.002). No significant associations were observed between ARNT expression and Ki-67 index, baseline GH or IGF1 levels, AIP/AHR immunoexpression or the evaluated clinical outcomes, including biochemical control during first-generation somatostatin receptor ligand therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased ARNT expression is associated with the sparsely granulated phenotype in somatotroph pituitary adenomas, suggesting that ARNT expression may reflect tumor differentiation rather than proliferative activity. However, the present findings do not demonstrate additional prognostic or therapeutic utility beyond granulation pattern. Further molecular and transcriptomic studies are warranted to clarify the biological role of ARNT.</p>","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pediatric sellar and parasellar lesions: a population-based cohort study of presentation, management, and endocrine outcomes. 儿童鞍区和鞍旁病变:一项以人群为基础的临床表现、治疗和内分泌结果的队列研究。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01765-8
Rayane El Mouallem, Kaitlin Leopold, Leslie Saba, Alaa Al Nofal, Aida Lteif
{"title":"Pediatric sellar and parasellar lesions: a population-based cohort study of presentation, management, and endocrine outcomes.","authors":"Rayane El Mouallem, Kaitlin Leopold, Leslie Saba, Alaa Al Nofal, Aida Lteif","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01765-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11102-026-01765-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Population-based studies describing the full clinical spectrum of pediatric sellar and parasellar lesions are scarce. Most available data derive from referral-based surgical or diagnosis-specific cohorts. We aimed to characterize presentation, lesion pathology, management, and long-term endocrine outcomes in a population-based cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study of patients aged 18 years or younger diagnosed with sellar or parasellar lesions between 1976 and 2021 in a multicounty region. Clinical presentation, lesion characteristics, management, and endocrine outcomes were abstracted from medical records. Associations were evaluated by lesion type, lesion size (< 10 mm vs. ≥10 mm), and management approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 104 patients, endocrine abnormalities at diagnosis differed by lesion type (p = 0.0004) and were most frequent among patients with pituitary adenomas. Endocrine dysfunction at presentation was more common with lesions ≥ 10 mm than with lesions < 10 mm (74.2% vs. 49.2%; p = 0.0217). Post-treatment endocrine abnormalities were also more common with lesions ≥ 10 mm (64.5% vs. 13.1%; p < 0.0001). Associations with treatment modality were descriptive and subject to confounding by indication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This population-based cohort captured a broad spectrum of pediatric sellar and parasellar disease, including uncommon lesions and conservatively managed cases. Endocrine morbidity was associated with lesion type and size, but clinically relevant abnormalities also occurred in smaller lesions, supporting endocrine evaluation based on clinical context and longitudinal surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cabergoline for non-functioning pituitary adenomas: an update on an old clinical controversy. 卡麦角林治疗无功能垂体腺瘤:一个旧的临床争论的最新进展。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01769-4
Omer Denizhan Tatar, Melia Karakose
{"title":"Cabergoline for non-functioning pituitary adenomas: an update on an old clinical controversy.","authors":"Omer Denizhan Tatar, Melia Karakose","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01769-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-026-01769-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cabergoline has been used off-label for non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) for decades, yet its place in management remains controversial. We reappraised the evidence, emphasizing studies from the last 3-5 years and how contemporary natural-history data influence interpretation of radiological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a focused PubMed/MEDLINE search from database inception through 27 September 2026, prioritizing comparative studies, recent cohorts, systematic reviews, natural-history studies, translational research, and clinically relevant safety data. Evidence was synthesized narratively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Earlier studies suggested radiological activity, but the only randomized open-label trial showed primarily a radiological signal, with less growth and more shrinkage, rather than established patient-centered clinical benefit. A 2022 meta-analysis estimated at least 20% shrinkage in 19% and an outcome classified as prevention of progression in 50%. Recent data remain inconsistent: a 2022 multicenter comparison found no clear radiological advantage over observation, a 2024 surgery-naive cohort reported shrinkage/stability/growth in 20%/48%/32%, and 2026 real-world and radiotherapy cohorts have not resolved comparative efficacy. Contemporary natural-history studies show that untreated NFPAs may remain stable, regress, or grow unpredictably. No validated molecular or pathological predictor of cabergoline response has emerged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recent evidence adds context but does not resolve this long-standing controversy or support routine cabergoline therapy for NFPAs. Cabergoline remains off-label and has no established routine role; it should not displace established surveillance, neurosurgical, or radiotherapy strategies. Prospective controlled studies using standardized volumetric imaging and patient-centered outcomes are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Should radiotherapy be repositioned in the contemporary management of acromegaly? 放射治疗在当代肢端肥大症的治疗中是否应该重新定位?
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01766-7
Luigi di Filippo, Umberto Terenzi
{"title":"Should radiotherapy be repositioned in the contemporary management of acromegaly?","authors":"Luigi di Filippo, Umberto Terenzi","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01766-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-026-01766-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
GATA3-positive silent corticotroph adenomas are characterized by large size and massive infrasellar invasion. gata3阳性的无症状皮质性腺瘤以体积大、大量鞍下浸润为特征。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01764-9
Elisa Lamback, Rangel de Sousa Costa, Luiz Eduardo Wildemberg, Mônica R Gadelha
{"title":"GATA3-positive silent corticotroph adenomas are characterized by large size and massive infrasellar invasion.","authors":"Elisa Lamback, Rangel de Sousa Costa, Luiz Eduardo Wildemberg, Mônica R Gadelha","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01764-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11102-026-01764-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>A subgroup of GATA3-positive silent corticotroph adenomas (SCA) was identified by transcriptomics. We aimed to compare clinical, radiological and surgical outcomes of SCA with and without GATA3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tumor volume calculated using Di Chiro-Nelson formula; microcystic appearance defined as small areas of marked hyperintensity on T2W. Cavernous sinus invasion was assessed with Knosp (grades 3-4 considered invasive), and sellar floor invasion by Hardy-Wilson (grade E as massive invasion). Three to six months after surgery, MRI was repeated to evaluate the extent of the surgical resection, and then annually to assess recurrence or tumor progression, and the need for reoperation or radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 45 SCA, 11 (24.4%) were GATA3-positive. The GATA3 patients were more frequently male (72.7% vs. 29.4%, p = 0.016) and had larger tumor volume [34.8 cm<sup>3</sup> (2.8-130.8) vs. 11.2 cm<sup>3</sup> (3.4-89.8), p = 0.023]. Notably, 81.8% of the GATA3-positive SCA were giant adenomas compared to 24.2% in the other group (p = 0.001), with higher frequency of sphenoid invasion (60% vs. 10.3%, p = 0.004), but with no difference in cavernous sinus invasion (p = 0.299). Gross total resection was less frequent in the GATA3-positive SCA (0% vs. 32.2%, p = 0.041). No difference was seen regarding age, microcystic aspect, granulation pattern, Ki-67, mitoses and post-surgical outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>About one quarter of SCA displayed GATA3-positivity and was seen more frequently in men. GATA3-positive SCA are characterized by large tumor size and massive infrasellar invasion, but not aggressive features as no differences in post-surgical outcomes were detected in our cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
First-in-human evaluation of real-time pixel-level AI-assisted anatomical segmentation in neurosurgery: pituitary surgery as an exemplar. 实时像素级人工智能辅助神经外科解剖分割的首次人体评估:以垂体手术为例。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Pituitary Pub Date : 2026-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01762-x
Danyal Z Khan, Zhehua Mao, Anjana Wijekoon, Adrito Das, Simon C Williams, Ann Blandford, Abhiney Jain, Lauren Harris, Anouk Borg, Neil L Dorward, Matthew J Clarkson, Sophia Bano, Peter McCulloch, Danail Stoyanov, Hani J Marcus
{"title":"First-in-human evaluation of real-time pixel-level AI-assisted anatomical segmentation in neurosurgery: pituitary surgery as an exemplar.","authors":"Danyal Z Khan, Zhehua Mao, Anjana Wijekoon, Adrito Das, Simon C Williams, Ann Blandford, Abhiney Jain, Lauren Harris, Anouk Borg, Neil L Dorward, Matthew J Clarkson, Sophia Bano, Peter McCulloch, Danail Stoyanov, Hani J Marcus","doi":"10.1007/s11102-026-01762-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-026-01762-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Precise anatomical navigation is fundamental to safe endoscopic pituitary surgery, a high-stakes procedure characterised by a challenging learning curve. While traditional navigation systems often rely on workflow-disrupting probes or static preoperative imaging, advancements in computer vision AI (CVAI) now enable dynamic, real-time pixel-level anatomical segmentation directly from live surgical video. Our group has previously conducted a series of preclinical human-computer interaction studies to refine the system's design, alongside digital and high-fidelity physical simulations demonstrating the potential benefit of AI assistance in improving surgical performance, training, and safety. Building on this foundation, the current study represents a first-in-human evaluation of real-time pixel-level CVAI anatomical segmentation in the neurosurgical operating room - assessing feasibility, human factors and clinical outcomes, while iteratively improving the system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Guided by the DECIDE-AI and IDEAL frameworks, this single-centre evaluation comprises an initial proof-of-concept of CVAI anatomical segmentation in endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. The AI model utilised a DINOv3-derived vision transformer architecture, deployed via a high-performance edge computing unit to achieve low-latency real-time inference without reliance on cloud infrastructure. Feasibility and functionality were assessed via structured questionnaire, prospective observation, and blinded retrospective review of the recordings of the endoscopic surgical video feed and wider operating room environment. Continuous multi-stakeholder feedback through validated human factors surveys drove iterative technical refinements between cases. Routine clinical outcomes, aligning with the standard pituitary surgery core outcome set, were collected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Eight patients with pituitary adenomas were enrolled. The CVAI system was successfully deployed in six cases, demonstrating acceptable real-time pixel-level sella segmentation accuracy. Deployment failed pre-operatively in two cases owing to a single platform-level boot-configuration issue. Iterative refinement between cases was driven by our experience and surgical team feedback. This resulted in the integration of additional anatomical structure segmentations (e.g., carotid arteries), enhanced model accuracy via training dataset expansion, and hardware firmware upgrades. Multi-stakeholder surveys demonstrated satisfactory system feasibility, usability, and acceptability among the surgical team. Both prospective observation and retrospective video review confirmed the absence of adverse events, including no significant distraction to the primary surgeon, and there were no AI-related clinical complications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This first-in-human early clinical evaluation (IDEAL Stage 1) of real-time pixel-level AI anatomical se","PeriodicalId":20202,"journal":{"name":"Pituitary","volume":"29 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13634013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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