Physiological reviews最新文献

Corrigendum for Lutsenko et al., volume 105, 2025, p. 441-491. Lutsenko等人的勘误表，第105卷，2025年，第441-491页。

IF 33.6 1区医学

Physiological reviews Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00011.2024_cor

引用次数: 0

The human placenta and its role in reproductive outcomes revisited. 人类胎盘及其在生殖结果中的作用重新审视。

IF 28.7 1区医学

Physiological reviews Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2024

Irving L M H Aye, Stephen Tong, D Stephen Charnock-Jones, Gordon C S Smith

{"title":"The human placenta and its role in reproductive outcomes revisited.","authors":"Irving L M H Aye, Stephen Tong, D Stephen Charnock-Jones, Gordon C S Smith","doi":"10.1152/physrev.00039.2024","DOIUrl":"10.1152/physrev.00039.2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The placenta performs many key tasks that are essential for the healthy growth and development of the human fetus. Placental dysfunction has multiple manifestations, but they share the common property of lacking a mechanistic understanding of etiology. The clinical consequences of placental dysfunction are a major determinant of the global burden of disease. Currently, the primary clinical method for assessing placental function is ultrasonic Doppler flow velocimetry of the umbilical and uterine arteries. More recently, some biomarkers have emerged that can predict or diagnose placentally related complications of pregnancy. However, methods for identifying and characterizing placental dysfunction have developed relatively little over the last 20 years and perform poorly, and there remains an absence of disease-modifying therapies targeted at the placenta. Understanding disease mechanisms is made more difficult due to the profound differences in pregnancy and placentation comparing humans and the most commonly used laboratory animals, limiting the utility of animal models. The use of omics methods in human samples may yield progress: omics analyses of maternal blood show promise in identifying better predictors of disease, and single-cell analyses, including spatial omics of healthy and abnormal placentas, could identify therapeutic targets. Limitations in cellular models of the placenta have been significantly overcome in the last 5 to 10 years by the development of human cell models, including human trophoblast stem cells and organoids, and the use of these model systems may allow hypothesis testing experiments in a more clinically relevant context than animal models or immortalized cell lines.</p>","PeriodicalId":20193,"journal":{"name":"Physiological reviews","volume":" ","pages":"2305-2376"},"PeriodicalIF":28.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7617900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The SLC-ome of membrane transport: From molecular discovery to physiology and clinical applications. 膜转运的SLC-ome：从分子发现到生理学和临床应用。

IF 33.6 1区医学

Physiological reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00001.2024

Gergely Gyimesi,Susan Tweedie,Elspeth Bruford,Matthias A Hediger

{"title":"The SLC-ome of membrane transport: From molecular discovery to physiology and clinical applications.","authors":"Gergely Gyimesi,Susan Tweedie,Elspeth Bruford,Matthias A Hediger","doi":"10.1152/physrev.00001.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00001.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane transporters are essential for human health, mediating the movement of nutrients, electrolytes, metabolites and other molecules across cellular and organellar membranes. Genes encoding these proteins account for approximately 5.2% of the human protein coding genome. Nearly half of these belong to the solute carriers (SLC) supergroup, the largest class of membrane transport proteins, collectively termed the \"SLC-ome.\" The current SLC-ome comprises 464 SLCs organized into 76 SLC families, of which 24% (111 SLCs) remain orphan transporters with unknown or incompletely characterized function. An additional 52 SLC-like proteins bring the total to 516 membrane transport proteins. SLCs function as molecular gatekeepers, and their dysfunction contributes to a wide spectrum of human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and immunological, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. Pathological consequences of SLC defects include hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, nutritional deficiencies, metal ion imbalance, oxidative stress, and dysfunction of mitochondria, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. In addition, genetic defects in SLCs are the cause of many rare diseases. Several SLCs require additional subunits to form functional heteromeric complexes, while others exhibit additional or alternative roles, such as acting as transceptors. In this review, we provide updated physiological, structural, mechanistic, and pharmacological insights for each of the 516 human SLC and SLC-like proteins. We also summarize their classification, structural architecture, transport mechanisms and pharmaceutical relevance, and present the most recent SLC gene nomenclature assignments approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC).","PeriodicalId":20193,"journal":{"name":"Physiological reviews","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gravity, Microgravity and Artificial Gravity: Physiological Effects, Implementation and Applications 重力、微重力和人工重力：生理效应、实现和应用

IF 33.6 1区医学

Physiological reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00055.2024

Nandu Goswami, Andrew Philip Blaber, Giovanna Valenti, Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay, Joyce Evans, Damian Miles Bailey, Joan Vernikos, Alexander Choukér, David Andrew Green, Olivier White, Jack J. W. A. van Loon, Victor A. Convertino

引用次数: 0

Forward and reverse cardio-oncology 正向和反向心脏肿瘤学

IF 33.6 1区医学

Physiological reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2024

Wouter C. Meijers, Joseph Pierre Aboumsallem, Alexander R. Lyon, Javid Moslehi, Rudolf A. de Boer

引用次数: 0

Immunological and regenerative properties of lung stem cells 肺干细胞的免疫和再生特性

IF 33.6 1区医学

Physiological reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00056.2024

De Hao, Yimeng Liu, Li Li, Barry R. Stripp, Huaiyong Chen

引用次数: 0

The Evolving Pathophysiology of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia 支气管肺发育不良的病理生理学演变