International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Latin American Regionalism in a Multipolar World","authors":"Jorge F. Garzón","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2625599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2625599","url":null,"abstract":"The landscape of Latin American regionalism has experienced profound transformations in a relatively short period of time. Regional organizations have proliferated; the open regionalism of the 1990s has gone into decay; new organizations, often referred to as belonging to a new wave of a more political “posthegemonic regionalism,” took center stage; only to be displaced in the attention of observers by newer trade-oriented organizations such as the Pacific Alliance. These developments have been puzzling scholars and policy makers, who for their most part have tended to converge on the view that a fragmented regional configuration with diverging or even incompatible models of regional integration is on the rise. This article challenges this interpretation by arguing that many of the trends we observe are rather the result of Latin American states’ practical adaptation of their foreign policy strategies to the emergence of a multipolar political economy in the international system. One important consequence of this process of adaptation, I argue, is a “decoupling” of the economic function of regionalism from its other dimensions – a process that I show is facilitating the emergence of a regional architecture characterized by a finer division of labor among organizations.","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123380688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Civil Society Organizations and Regional Integration: The ECOWAS Perspective","authors":"Paul Andrew Gwaza","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2567272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2567272","url":null,"abstract":"The central concern of this paper is to examine the interactions of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and Regional Integration (RI) within the context of the Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS). It will seek to understand the interaction by exploring the traditional characters of CSOs as complementary and supportive agent of the state, and the character of RI as inter-state, intergovernmental, formal and official engagement. The exclusionary nature of regional integration in Africa and West Africa in particular is one of the biggest lacunae in governance and developmental processes over the years. The paper maintains that ECOWAS was conceived and sustained by a civil society arrangement and the construct “new regionalism” is only a restatement of the ideals propagated founders of the Regional Economic Community (REC) and not newness. It also maintains that the wind of democracy blowing across the world and within international institution only lends credence to the foundational philosophy of ECOWAS for equal participation and inclusivity. Indeed, the realms of civil society and regional integration provide policy makers with the opportunity to reevaluate concepts that worked in other climes before their transplantation in addressing local concerns.","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134372443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASEAN and the Limits of Regionalism in Pacific Asia","authors":"David Jones","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2569176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2569176","url":null,"abstract":"After the Asian Financial Crisis (AFC) of 1997-99, a dominant orthodoxy arose both in regional diplomatic circles and the regional scholarship that analysed it, that the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) had established the institutional basis both for South East Asian as well as East Asian political and economic integration. Thus, at the beginning of the new millennium, Peter Katzenstein declared that East Asian regional integration was “an idea whose time has come.” Indeed, it was widely assumed that an expanded ASEAN machinery would “socialize the [East Asian] region with the same norms and values that have proved successful in Southeast Asia.”In view of these large claims about ASEANs apparent centrality to regional security in Southeast Asia, and its procedurally driven transformation of foreign relations across East Asia in the twenty-first century, the uncertainty among its diplomats and its academic admirers in the context of China’s rise and growing regional assertiveness represents something of a puzzle. To unravel this puzzle, we shall argue that ASEAN remains what it essentially was from its inception, namely an association of weak states created to achieve the limited purpose of maintaining regional order. Yet, even in this endeavour the arrangement has proved of limited effectiveness. Mean-while, its attempt to export its norms to the wider region have rendered it vulnerable to the incursion and hegemony of more powerful regional actors. To explore the limitations of Asian regionalism, the paper will focus on 2 areas of ASEAN policy formation since the AFC: the attempt to build an integrated ASEAN economic community and to establish a framework to address overlapping claims to the South China Sea. The dissonance between ASEANs rhetoric and its limited achievements in these areas leaves it increasingly sidelined by the evolution of great power rivalry in the Asia Pacific.","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116126456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employee Perception of Nigerian Content, Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability Issues in the Oil and Gas Equipment and Service Industry in the Niger Delta: 2010 and Beyond","authors":"L. E. Edjenekpo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2552934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2552934","url":null,"abstract":"By determining the understanding of sustainability issues, the practice of corporate social responsibility and Nigerian Content implementation in the Niger Delta oil and gas equipment and service industry, this dissertation investigates the perception of employees. To elicit the perception, structured questionnaires and interviews with employees in the equipment and service sector were administered. The analysis, largely statistical, revealed a high level of agreement in perception and understanding of the notions of corporate social responsibility, Nigerian content, sustainable development, corporate responsibility and the emerging trend, corporate sustainability.Information on actual practices in the oil and gas equipment and service industry in the Niger Delta of Nigeria provides an opportunity that must be harnessed if the much needed development both in human capital and infrastructural sphere is to be achieved. To this end, oil and gas equipment and service companies should demonstrate active encouragement and support for employee involvement in CSR/NC/CS activities, provide generic CSR/NC/CS training targeted at the employees, implement employee suggestion scheme and include local knowledge in developing CSR/NC/CS strategy as it offers the best value to establish ownership and accountability for effective implementation which would result in sustainable benefits to the organization, the employee and the society.","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125873609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Law and Development à l'Africaine: Evidence from the OHADA's Harmonisation Process","authors":"Regis Yann Simo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2524339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2524339","url":null,"abstract":"Until recently, doing business in developing countries, and in Sub-Saharan Africa in particular, was associated with high risk. Although each investment decision is associated with some risk, there are always obligations incumbent on host States in that regard. However, when domestic law is too obsolete to match the requirements of an evolving investment and commercial environment which it is supposed to regulate, and when its effects are unpredictable, one of the fundamental conditions for attracting investment goes missing. This eventually underscores the need for a legal reform. The phenomenon of 'globalisation' on the one hand, and the need for (developing) countries to integrate their economies into the global market, on the other hand, considerably accentuated the postulate of development through law. Against this background, some African countries, at the dawn of the 1990s, felt a need to 'modernise' their legal systems for the major part inherited from colonialism. In this vein, they entrusted a supranational organ, the OHADA, to perform that legal reform. This paper is an attempt to test the OHADA against the discourse of law as a development engine. Furthermore, this is an assessment of the extent to which OHADA, as a legal tool, could be useful in serving the purpose of regional integration and economic growth in Africa.","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114297117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Концептуальные Основы Эффективного Использования Интеграционного Потенциала Стран-Членов Снг (Conceptual Bases of Effective Use of the Integration Potential of the CIS)","authors":"S. Ulyukaev, K I Sheryay","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2599542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2599542","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Согласно текущей Концепции внешней политики России «задача формирования Евразийского экономического союза, призванного не только максимально задействовать взаимовыгодные хозяйственные связи на пространстве СНГ, но и стать определяющей будущее стран Содружества моделью объединения» является приоритетной для России.Отражением указанной роли региональной экономической интеграции являются наблюдаемые в последние годы многочисленные попытки России укрепить сотрудничество между странами СНГ и, прежде всего, с наиболее открытыми этим попыткам странами, такими как Белоруссия и Казахстан. Результатом указанных действий стало создание Таможенного союза и Единого экономического пространства России, Казахстана и Белоруссии. Россия активно пытается вовлечь в данные процессы и Украину, для чего имеются объективные экономические обоснования (например, Украина является главным получателем российских прямых инвестиций в СНГ).Долгосрочные эффекты от реализации интеграционного потенциала стран «четверки» (Россия, Белоруссия, Казахстан и Украина) в перспективе до 2030 г. выражаются в ежегодной средней прибавке к темпам прироста ВВП стран-партнеров от 2% (Россия) до 14% (Белоруссия). При этом может быть достигнут качественный скачок в изменении структуры ВВП. В целом по всем странам ожидается снижение доли добывающих секторов промышленности в структуре ВВП и повышение доли стоимости, добавленной обработкой. Рост конкурентоспособности за счет реализации накопленного потенциала и межгосударственной технологической кооперации возможен, в первую очередь, в следующих отраслях: энергетическое машиностроение, производство обычных вооружений, ракетно-космическая отрасль, самолетостроение и вертолетостроение, черная металлургия, энергетика, атомная промышленность, транспортная инфраструктура и сети, связь.Будущее экономическое развитие России, других стран ЕЭП и Украины невозможно без технического перевооружения существующих и запуска новых наукоемких отраслей промышленности. В этой связи на первый план выходит технологическая кооперация на основе советских взаимосвязей, но на новых рыночных принципах.B рамках планируемого на базе ЕЭП Евразийского экономического союза (EAC) должна быть, в том числе, создана единая банковская система и единая евразийская валюта. В то время как переход на единую региональную валюту является вопросом отдаленного будущего, требующим значительной проработки, важной задачей сегодняшнего дня является финансовая интеграция «четверки» стран, в том числе за счет создания крупных региональных финансовых компаний, банков, валютных и фондовых бирж.Важной составляющей финансовой интеграции также является согласованная денежно-кредитная и бюджетная политики. Соглашение о согласованной макроэкономической политике ЕЭП предусматривает введение странами-участницами количественных макроэкономических параметров, в том числе предельное значение годового дефицита государственного бюджета не выше 3% ВВП, государственного долга не выше 50% ВВП и уро","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126590639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Армения, Молдова и Таджикистан: Возможно Ли Взаимодействие С Таможенным Союзом и Единым Экономическим Пространством Без Вступления в Них? (Armenia, Moldova, and Tajikistan: Is it Possible to Interact with the Customs Union and Common Economic Space Without Joining Them?)","authors":"Mikhail Poyker, Marina Baeva","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2599548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2599548","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Данная статья посвящена разработке возможных форм тесного взаимодействия экономик соседних стран с Таможенным союзом Белоруссии, Казахстана и России (ТС) и Единым экономическим пространством данных стран (ЕЭП) без вступления в эти объединения, применительно к Армении, Молдове и Таджикистану. На основании анализа как общих особенностей и направлений возможного сотрудничества и инструментов взаимодействия, так и специфики каждой страны в отдельности, с учетом мирового опыта сотрудничества крупных экономических объединений с другими странами авторы предлагают анализ экономических эффектов применения тех или иных форм сотрудничества между странами.English Abstract: This article is devoted to development of possible forms of close collaborative relationship between the economies of neighboring countries of the Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia (CU) and the common economic space of these countries (CES) without joining of these associations, in relation to Armenia, Moldova, and Tajikistan. On the basis of the analysis of both the common features and areas of possible cooperation and collaboration tools, as well as the specifics of each country, taking into account the world experience major economic cooperation alliances with other countries authors provide the analysis of the economic effects of the certain forms of collaboration between the countries.","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121744722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Strategies to Mitigate Unemployment in the Wake of Crises: Comparing the EU in Greece and Mercosur in Paraguay","authors":"S. Kingah","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2483817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2483817","url":null,"abstract":"In the wake of the financial and economic crises the ripple effects of which are still felt, the European Commission made efforts to develop novel schemes to address the problem of unemployment attributed to the lack of ample competitiveness within the Single Market. This paper compares the impact of the unemployment mitigation strategies adopted by the European Union (the EU) and the Common Market of the South (Mercosur) between 2008 and 2013. In doing so, it focuses on the respective impact of these policies on Greece (for the EU) and Paraguay (for Mercosur). Some of the ideologically driven responses to the crises in certain countries helped to aggravate unemployment. Also from a comparative perspective and due to its institutional depth the approaches adopted in the EU to address the effects of the crises have been more visible.","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123794345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eurasian Regionalisms and Russian Foreign Policy","authors":"M. Molchanov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2735260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2735260","url":null,"abstract":"The paper looks at regional integration projects in the postcommunist Eurasia, defined as the former Soviet space plus China, from the point of view of Russia’s foreign policy design and implementation. The foreign policy is the main vehicle to project the country’s perceptions of itself internationally. When foreign policy acquires a regionalist dimension, it signifies important changes to the country’s international orientations, but also reveals something important about the country itself. Russia’s critics perceive its efforts at creation of the Common Economic Space and the Customs Union with Kazakhstan, Belarus and Ukraine as neo-hegemonic and perhaps, neoimperialist in nature. I disagree with this assessment. I address Eurasian regionalist projects as a subset of the new regionalism (NR) developments that had emerged in response to neoliberal globalization and represent an adaptive reaction to it. The foreign policy emphasis in a study of evolving regionalisms endeavors to refocus the attention on regionalizing agency and its role in shaping regional institutions and structures. Such a refocusing allows building a bridge from a study of new regionalism to a study of domestic determinants of foreign policy.","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127148665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Democracia E O Parlamento Do Mercosul: Rumos Da Integração Sul-Americana (Democracy and the Mercosur Parliament: Directions of the South American integration)","authors":"E. Gomes","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2701216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2701216","url":null,"abstract":"Portuguese Abstract: 1. Introducao. 2. Mercosul: antecedentes historicos e a falta de legitimidade democratica em relacao as politicas adotadas pelos Estados. 3. Parlamento do Mercosul e o vies democratico da integracao. 3.1. A experiencia europeia. 3.2. Rumos e desafios do Mercosul. 4. Consideracoes finais.English Abstract: 1. Introduction. 2. MERCOSUR : historical background and the lack of democratic legitimacy in relation to the policies adopted by the states . 3. Mercosur Parliament and the democratic bias of integration. 3.1. The European experience . 3.2. Directions and challenges of Mercosur. 4. Final considerations","PeriodicalId":201864,"journal":{"name":"International Institutions: Regional Governance eJournal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127176218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}