New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue最新文献

Unpacking Foreign Fighting: New Zealand’s Legislative Responses to Transnational Combatants 打开外国战斗:新西兰对跨国战斗人员的立法反应

New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.36878/nsj20230329.07

Marnie Lloydd

{"title":"Unpacking Foreign Fighting: New Zealand’s Legislative Responses to Transnational Combatants","authors":"Marnie Lloydd","doi":"10.36878/nsj20230329.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36878/nsj20230329.07","url":null,"abstract":"Is it lawful for New Zealanders to travel overseas to participate in a foreign conflict? Political statements and travel advisories have discouraged the private participation of New Zealanders in the conflicts in Syria and Ukraine. Yet, prohibitions in New Zealand’s law are currently restricted to criminal offences related to the ‘mercenary’ and the ‘foreign terrorist fighter’. Foreign fighting or foreign incursion conceived more broadly are not specifically prohibited. At first glance, the chosen mercenary-terrorist binary appears unreflective, leaving unhelpfully unpacked any broader phenomena of transnational combatants who might not be fighting with designated terrorist entities or for financial gain as mercenaries – such as volunteers fighting in Ukraine or with Kurdish forces in Syria. This article brings together the various areas of law that address these questions, providing a historical account of how the law has evolved over time. It reveals how New Zealand’s discourse in key moments of legislative debate has in fact continually preserved space for certain types of private involvement in transnational armed violence. The article suggests, therefore, that the unpacking still required is not necessarily that of seeking better understanding of transnational participation in war and its policy considerations, but rather further consideration of the values and assumptions underlying the permissive legal positions taken in the first place.","PeriodicalId":201862,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130271846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Restorative Justice, Social Cohesion, and Preventing and Countering Terrorism and Violent Extremism: Time for a New Zealand Praxis? 恢复性司法、社会凝聚力、预防和打击恐怖主义和暴力极端主义:新西兰实践的时机?

New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.36878/nsj20230329.09

Jeremy Simons

{"title":"Restorative Justice, Social Cohesion, and Preventing and Countering Terrorism and Violent Extremism: Time for a New Zealand Praxis?","authors":"Jeremy Simons","doi":"10.36878/nsj20230329.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36878/nsj20230329.09","url":null,"abstract":"This article assesses the “restorativeness” of New Zealand’s counter-terrorism approach as it is currently articulated after the 2019 Christchurch Mosque attacks. It applies a restorative lens to current policies, activities, and discussions in the New Zealand government’s efforts to implement the recommendations of the Royal Commission of Inquiry into the attacks. Utilising a restorative peacebuilding lens highlights the need for further development of bicultural, binding, bonding, bridging, and linking processes to restore social cohesion and rebuild social capital in the aftermath of acts of terrorism and violent extremism. This expands the conceptualisation of restorative justice articulated in the Royal Commission of Inquiry, advocating for restorative peacebuilding as a key strategy within the broader movement for Te Tiriti-based social justice and cohesion, with Māori resistance and peace-making highlighted as critical processes. Restorative peacebuilding draws on learnings from global peacebuilding to inform Aotearoa New Zealand’s bi-cultural framework for social cohesion in response to terrorism and violent extremism. The article recommends additional conversations, initiatives, and resources enabling restorative responses to extremism and digital harm circulating in and through online-offline ecosystems.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Restorative Justice, Peace","PeriodicalId":201862,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121809291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A History of Violence: A Critical Overview of Aotearoa New Zealand’s Approach to Terrorism 《暴力史:新西兰反恐政策的批判性概述》

New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.36878/nsj20230321.06

Lydia Le Gros

{"title":"A History of Violence: A Critical Overview of Aotearoa New Zealand’s Approach to Terrorism","authors":"Lydia Le Gros","doi":"10.36878/nsj20230321.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36878/nsj20230321.06","url":null,"abstract":"On 15 March 2019, Brenton Tarrant fired indiscriminately at congregants as they gathered for prayer at the Linwood Islamic Centre and Al Noor Mosque in Christ-church, New Zealand. The media labelled the event New Zealand’s “loss of innocence” and its first experience of terrorism; MPs across the house described the attack as foreign and imported. However, there are various incidents in New Zealand’s history prior the Christchurch attacks that arguably also fit the definition of terrorism but have not been officially identified or charged as such. The government’s selective use of the terrorism label suggests that in the case of terrorism, phenomenally similar actions may be labelled differently depending on the identity of the perpetrator and the perspective from which the action is described. In order to understand how the government decides whether an act is a case of terrorism or not, this article traces the evolution and social context of New Zealand’s counter-terrorism legislation from the early colonial period to the Christchurch attacks. In doing so, this article finds that in New Zealand, terrorism has been routinely framed as the fault of foreigners and cultural outsiders. This suggests that the official definition of terrorism in New Zealand is not constant or objective, but is instead guided by historical conditions which make political sense of the current terrorism reality.","PeriodicalId":201862,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124596695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

News Media and the Public Discourse on Terrorism in Aotearoa New Zealand 新西兰奥特罗阿的新闻媒体和公众对恐怖主义的讨论

New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.36878/nsj20230321.05

Kan QiWei

引用次数: 0

Towards a Decolonial Approach to New Zealand’s Counter Terrorism: Afrocentric Perspectives 对新西兰反恐怖主义采取非殖民化做法:非洲中心观点

New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.36878/nsj20230321.08

Shirley Achieng

{"title":"Towards a Decolonial Approach to New Zealand’s Counter Terrorism: Afrocentric Perspectives","authors":"Shirley Achieng","doi":"10.36878/nsj20230321.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36878/nsj20230321.08","url":null,"abstract":"New Zealand’s counterterrorism approach, like that of many other postcolonial states, stems from models which continue to operationalise and legitimise colonial continuities. These models are predominantly underpinned by the events of 9/11. However, the devastating attacks in Christchurch in 2019 raised concerns about the way domestic terrorism has been conceived of by the security and intelligence communities in New Zealand. Debates have emerged on the efficacy of the Western-centric Global War on Terror (GWOT) narrative on terrorism and how it fits within the realities of New Zealand’s counter-terrorism context, given the country’s national peculiarities and colonial history. Consequently, this article explores the GWOT ideology and attempts to expose terrorism as an a historical colonial concept. The argument is thus made for epistemic reconstitution and pluriversality of knowledges in how terrorism is understood and dealt with in the New Zealand context. In so doing, the article invokes decolonial thinking by drawing parallels between New Zealand’s experience and the African colonial experience, by discussing decolonisation through the lens of Afrocentrism. Animating New Zealand’s counterterrorism experience through the prism of Afrocentrism, therefore, the argument is made that the foundation of knowledge production in counter-terrorism within New Zealand is profoundly colonial.","PeriodicalId":201862,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128041475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Action Zealandia, New Zealand’s Aspiring Brownshirts 行动西兰迪亚，新西兰雄心勃勃的布朗衫队

New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.36878/nsj20230319.02

C. Wilson, James Halpin

{"title":"Action Zealandia, New Zealand’s Aspiring Brownshirts","authors":"C. Wilson, James Halpin","doi":"10.36878/nsj20230319.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36878/nsj20230319.02","url":null,"abstract":"Most far right terrorist violence is now committed by individuals who have radicalised in physical isolation, although often deeply engaged in online extremist communities. At the same time, many far right groups do not engage in terrorism despite the militant views and violent rhetoric of their members. This article contributes to the study of the avoidance of mass casualty terrorism by extremist groups through an in-depth examination of New Zealand’s main white nationalist group, Action Zealandia. The literature on this topic finds that groups sometimes strategize that terrorist attacks would be counter-productive to longer term and more important political goals. Our study of Action Zealandia, based on eighteen months of participation in the group by one of the authors, supports this hypothesis. We contend that groups such as Action Zealandia often see themselves as the seeds of a mass nationalist movement rather than the perpetrators of mass casual-ty terrorist violence. We therefore propose a typology of violent far right extremist actors: Individual Actor; Paramilitary Group; and Terrorist Group. We place Action Zealandia within the Paramilitary Group type, a category of extremist actors that poses a less violent but longer-term risk to society.","PeriodicalId":201862,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128089466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling Radicalisation: Applying Situational Action Theory to the Christchurch Attacks 激进化建模:情境行动理论在基督城袭击中的应用

New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.36878/nsj20230319.04

Vikrant Desai

引用次数: 0

Left-wing Violent Extremism: Identifying Precursors and Growth in New Zealand 左翼暴力极端主义:识别新西兰的前驱和增长

New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.36878/nsj20230319.03

Che Tibby, Cameron Bayly

引用次数: 0

Trans-disciplinary Dialogue on New Zealand’s Counter Terrorism Approach: A Call to Action for Researchers. 新西兰反恐方法的跨学科对话:对研究人员的行动呼吁。

New Zealand and Counter Terrorism Special Issue Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.36878/nsj20230319.01

R. Jackson, D. Rogers

引用次数: 1