Physics Letters A最新文献

{"title":"Optical torques in the folding Fabry–Perot cavity","authors":"Xingrui Peng ,&nbsp;Denis Martynov ,&nbsp;Zonghong Zhu ,&nbsp;Teng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Folding the Fabry-Perot cavity allows gravitational wave detectors to enhance their effective arm lengths. However, a different number of mirrors and geometry of the folded cavity will complicate the dynamics of the mirrors under the exertion of radiation pressure forces and torques. This paper gives the framework for analysing the stability of folded cavities in the angular degrees of freedom. In particular, we analyse the optical torques and mirror dynamics of the trifold 12 km cavity, which can serve as a potential upgrade of aLIGO for the kilo-Hertz sensitivity boosting. We explore feasible geometric configurations supporting the target arm cavity power of 1.5 MW and the resulting coating thermal noise. Our analysis suggests that the cavity remains stable by replicating the current arm cavity geometry three times and increasing all mirror masses to 200 kg. It gives thermal noise, <span><math><mn>2.94</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>24</mn></mrow></msup><mspace></mspace><mo>/</mo><mspace></mspace><msqrt><mrow><mtext>Hz</mtext></mrow></msqrt></math></span> at 100 Hz, 8.5% higher than the aLIGO design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"550 ","pages":"Article 130600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Symmetric twin paradox for free-falling frames: Argument against the relativistic time dilation?”","authors":"Justo Pastor Lambare","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a recent article in this journal, Václav Vavryčuk and Michal Křížek have argued the Lorentz transformation does not predict time dilation, therefore the theory of relativity must be incorrect. To prove their claim they concocted a configuration of the twin paradox where no age difference is involved between the siblings. We explain the problems with their argumentation that make their conclusions untenable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"550 ","pages":"Article 130579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric current quantum superpositions in superconducting circuits","authors":"Caio C. Holanda Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Vitoria A. de Souza ,&nbsp;Vitorio A. De Lorenci","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A possible route to test whether classical systems can acquire quantum features using superconducting circuits is here presented. It is shown that under general assumptions a classical test current pulse of fixed energy and adjustable length acquires quantum features after interacting with the quantum vacuum of the photon field. Further, it is shown that the mere existence of vacuum fluctuations can lead to the breakdown of energy and momentum conservation, and as the length of the pulse grows with respect to the characteristic size of the quantum system, the test pulse undergoes quantum-to-classical transition. This model differs from previous ones in its simplicity and points toward a new way of creating quantum superpositions of multiple states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"550 ","pages":"Article 130599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum information recast via multiresolution in L2(0,1]","authors":"Mandana Bidarvand,&nbsp;Artur Sowa","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a multiresolution approach to the theory of quantum information. This approach emerges from an effort to develop a systematic mathematical approach to the analysis of an infinite array of qubits, i.e., a structure that may be interpreted as a quantum metamaterial. Foundational to our approach are two mathematical constructions with classical roots: the Borel isomorphism and the Haar basis. Here, these constructions are intertwined to establish an identification between <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>]</mo></math></span> and the Hilbert space of an infinite array of qubits and to enable analysis of operators that act on arrays of qubits (either finite or infinite). The fusion of these two concepts empowers us to represent quantum operations and observables through geometric operators. As an unexpected upshot, we observe that the fundamental concept of calculus is inherent in an infinite array of qubits; indeed, the antiderivative arises as a natural and indispensable operator in this context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"551 ","pages":"Article 130601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CaB11−: A unique four-ring conjugated dual aromatic system","authors":"Qian Wang ,&nbsp;Yan Fei Hu ,&nbsp;De Hui Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhi Wei Tan ,&nbsp;Yu Tong Liu ,&nbsp;Tian Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Quan Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At the B3LYP/6–311G(d) level, we obtained the ground state structures of CaB_n^0/− (<em>n</em> = 2–12). Observing the evolution characteristics of these structures, we found that the transition from two-dimensional to three-dimensional structures occurs when the number of boron atoms equals 6 (for the neutral system) and 7 (for the anionic system). For the three-dimensional structure, the Ca atom is always positioned above the plane or quasi-plane formed by the boron atoms (at the vertex position), similar to an umbrella-like structure. In most cases, the neutral and anionic structures with the same number of boron atoms are consistent. The only exceptions are CaB₆⁻ and CaB₁₁⁻, where the neutral structure is three-dimensional, but upon adding an electron, they transform into a two-dimensional planar structure. This peculiarity persists in the stability analysis, and according to the results, the CaB₁₁⁻ structure with C_2V symmetry is the most stable. A detailed analysis of the bonding situation in CaB₁₁⁻ reveals that it is a planar structure with four conjugated rings, where adjacent atoms in each ring are connected by covalent bonds, B-B bonds are in the form of covalent single bonds, and Ca-B bonds are in the form of covalent half-bonds. The charge on the Ca atom unexpectedly transfers to the neighboring boron atoms; however, the valence electrons on Ca do not completely transfer, resulting in <em>a</em> + 2 charge, but rather retain some valence electrons, which interact with the valence electrons of the adjacent boron atoms to form half-bonds. The main interaction between Ca and B is still ionic bonding. All four rings are aromatic, with the central ring having the strongest aromaticity. The entire CaB₁₁⁻ exhibits dual aromaticity of σ/π types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"550 ","pages":"Article 130585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou Recurrence Phenomena for the Sine-Gordon Equation","authors":"H.M. Yin,&nbsp;K.W. Chow","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou recurrence (<strong>FPUT</strong>) generally refers to the property of a nonlinear system to return to its initial states after complex stages of evolution. For the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, exact solutions modeling recurrence have been derived and a few cycles of FPUT are observed in optical experiments. Consideration is extended here to the sine-Gordon equation (<strong>sG</strong>). An exact doubly periodic solution for sG is derived. This new solution is robust to small disturbances, and can emerge from oscillating initial and boundary conditions. A cascading instability scenario is studied. Despite being small initially, higher order modes grow more rapidly than the fundamental. Breather occurs when all modes attain the same order of magnitude. Breather subsequently decays, but instability resumes at small amplitude. This cyclic pattern is repeated, generating one scenario of FPUT. Predictions from the cascading mechanism match results from numerical simulations extremely well.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"551 ","pages":"Article 130608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable hybrid polaritons in the LiV2O5-graphene heterostructures","authors":"Peiyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Jiayao Huang ,&nbsp;Qinmiao Chen ,&nbsp;Yuhui Cai ,&nbsp;Aowei Yang ,&nbsp;Yang Luo ,&nbsp;Bingfeng Fan ,&nbsp;Yongyao Li ,&nbsp;Dongxu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tunable hybrid polaritons in van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructures present a flexible platform for advanced optical applications, allowing precise control over light-matter interactions. Recently, LiV₂O₅ has emerged as a naturally canalized phonon material characterized by high dielectric permittivity. However, the existing LiV₂O₅-based devices are fixed in their design, which leads to limit the development of actively tunable phonon devices. In this study, we introduce a heterostructure formed by graphene nanoribbons with the LiV₂O₅ structure, resulting in the strong coupling between phonon modes and surface plasmon modes. We explore the potential of electromagnetic hybrid materials to address the limitations of the individual polaritons. Furthermore, we systematically investigate the energy exchange, mode evolution, and coupling strength among three hybridized modes by employing a coupled model with three oscillators, which demonstrates excellent agreement with the simulated results. This work presents a straightforward strategy for infrared applications in thermal management and multi-resonance sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"551 ","pages":"Article 130609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodicity of dynamical signatures of chaos in quantum kicked top","authors":"Sreeram PG,&nbsp;M.S. Santhanam","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A host of dynamical measures of quantum correlations – out-of-time ordered correlators (OTOC), Loschmidt echo, generalized entanglement and observational entropy – are useful to infer the underlying classical chaotic dynamics in quantum regime. In this work, these measures are employed to analyse quantum kicked top with kick strength <em>k</em>. It is shown that, despite the differences in their definitions, these measures are periodic with <em>k</em>, and the periodicity depends on the number of spins represented by the kicked top. The periodic behaviour arises from the structure of the kicked top Floquet operator and spans the regime in which the corresponding classical dynamics is predominantly chaotic. We also point to the reflection symmetry in Loschmidt echo and a special case of time periodicity in OTOC. This result can guide experiments towards the right choice of kick strengths to avoid repetitive dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"550 ","pages":"Article 130596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solution to the Landau–Lifshitz equation in laser and electrostatic fields","authors":"Ge Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei-Min Wang ,&nbsp;Yu-Tong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser intensity of <span><math><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>23</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> W</mtext><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mtext>cm</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> has been available recently, at which radiation reaction begins to significantly influence electron motion within the laser field. In vacuum, the motion is typically described by solutions to the Landau-Lifshitz equation considering a laser field. In plasma, which is the most common scenario in laser-matter interactions, electron motion is governed by the laser field as well as static electric and magnetic fields through plasma response. Here, we theoretically investigate electron motion in the radiation reaction regime, considering the presence of both laser and electrostatic fields. We solve the Landau-Lifshitz equation using the harmonic balance method. The solution is benchmarked against single-particle simulation and the differences are less than 5% when the QED parameter <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>. We find that there is a significant difference in electron motion when considering both the laser field and the electrostatic field simultaneously, compared to when considering each field separately. When the electrostatic field and the laser propagation direction are the same, the electron motion resembles the one described by the Lorentz equation in the plane-wave case with a stable dephasing rate controlled by the field strengths. This provides a way to control the electron energy spread via the radiation reaction. While the electrostatic field and the laser propagation direction are opposite, the electron motion approaches the one described by the Lorentz equation with a lowered dephasing rate. Our results contribute to investigating the radiation reaction effect in laser-plasma interactions where the electrostatic fields generated via plasma response cannot be ignored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"550 ","pages":"Article 130588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical systems of scalar fields in f(Q,C) gravity","authors":"Amit Samaddar ,&nbsp;S. Surendra Singh ,&nbsp;S. Kiranmala Chanu","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the dynamics of a scalar field within the framework of modified gravity, specifically using the <span><math><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> formalism, through a dynamical system approach. We investigate a particular scalar potential, <span><math><mi>V</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mi>s</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msup><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>α</mi></mrow></msup><mo>(</mo><mi>β</mi><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> and derive the associated autonomous system of equations, which describes the dynamics and characteristics of the scalar field. We examine the fixed points to understand the stability and behavior of cosmological solutions, particularly the transition from decelerated to accelerated expansion. Our analysis reveals that six fixed points for non-interacting scenario represent stable configurations which indicate dark energy-dominated phases and the other fixed points represent saddle behavior which indicate the matter-dominated phases of the Universe. The analysis reveals that the scalar field in <span><math><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> gravity provides a natural mechanism for the Universe's accelerated expansion at late times. The Universe's accelerated expansion which is fueled by dark energy, is supported by our model in which the transition redshift and the current values of the deceleration and equation of state parameters are found as <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub><mo>≈</mo><mn>0.654</mn></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0.546</mn></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>1.0132</mn></math></span> respectively. Our model exhibits excellent consistency with observational datasets, such as Hubble and Supernovae data sets which affirm its capability to offer fresh perspectives on the accelerating Universe. Finally, we discuss the broader implications of this model for the late-time evolution of the Universe and highlight potential areas for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"549 ","pages":"Article 130575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}